Concerning interelemental crossed effects in X-ray fluorescence analysis

Fluorescence crossed effects are discussed as to their exact significance, and relative importance regarding quantitative analysis. While they do not occur in binary systems, crossed effects appear when a fluorescent element is influenced by two or more interfering elements, more particularly when it is subject to enhancement effects. Dissociating crossed effects from pure binary interactions enabled us to establish an accurate general equation for expressing interelement effects in accordance with fundamental theory, and then the associated corrections in any analytical system. As a rule, practical applications should include some suitable modification of the general formula, with respect to the magnitude of corrections for the particularsystem considered.