Reuse of wastewater for irrigation of coriander in Morocco: Evaluation of effects on crop growth parameters

Currently, the convergence of climate change, population growth, and deteriorating water quality has triggered a scarcity of freshwater resources, presenting substantial hurdles for agricultural endeavors. Consequently, repurposing treated wastewater for agricultural use is gaining prominence. This strategy offers a noteworthy advantage by furnishing an alternative water source, distinct from conventional freshwater, for agricultural irrigation. The considered irrigation water categories encompass treated wastewater, sewage treated with supplementary fertilization, treated water of a specific quality, and treated water quality fortified with fertilizer. An assessment of the treated wastewater extracted from the Imzouren‐Bni Bouayach treatment facility was undertaken, encompassing scrutiny of its physical, chemical, and bacteriological attributes. This analysis yielded measurements for a range of parameters, including pH, temperature, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, suspended matter, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, nitrate, nitrite, total coliforms, fecal coliforms, and fecal streptococci. These measurements align with acceptable thresholds for direct discharge and are following Morocco's established water quality standards tailored for irrigation. In light of the soil analysis, the soil is classified as alkaline, with a pH of 8.2, and displays low salinity, evidenced by an electrical conductivity of 2.42 mS/cm. Furthermore, the soil exhibits deficiencies in organic matter and essential nutrients, with carbon content measuring 0.84%, organic matter at 1.45%, nitrogen at 0.07%, phosphorus at 10.6 mg/L, and potassium at 56.5 mg/L. The utilization of treated wastewater for irrigation purposes bestows the crop with a dependable water supply, ensuring stability in its growth. 关键词 摘要 目前, 气候变化、人口增长、水质恶化等因素共同引发了淡水资源短缺, 给农业发展带来巨大障碍。因此, 将处理后的废水重新用于农业用途一事越来越受到重视。该策略具有显著优势, 为农业灌溉提供了不同于传统淡水的替代性水源。考虑的灌溉水类别包括:经过处理的废水、经过补充肥料处理的污水、具有特定性质的处理水、以及经过肥料强化的处理水。对从Imzouren和Bni Bouayach两地的处理设施中提取的处理后的废水进行了评估, 包括检验物理、化学以及细菌属性。分析测量了一系列参数, 包括pH值、温度、电导率、溶解氧、悬浮物、生化需氧量、化学需氧量、总磷、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、总大肠菌群、粪便大肠菌群和粪便链球菌。这些测量结果符合直接排放的可接受阈值, 并遵循摩洛哥为灌溉制定的既定水质标准。根据土壤分析, 土壤属于碱性, pH值为8.2, 盐度较低, 电导率为2.42 mS/cm。此外, 土壤缺乏有机质和必需养分, 碳含量为0.84%, 有机质为1.45%, 氮为0.07%, 磷为10.6毫克/升, 钾为56.5毫克/升。将处理后的废水用于灌溉目的, 能为作物提供可靠的供水, 确保其稳定生长。 Resumen Actualmente, la convergencia del cambio climático, el crecimiento demográfico y el deterioro de la calidad del agua ha provocado una escasez