Chiral Macroheterocycles as Inducers of Helical Liquid Crystals: Molecular Design, Specialty of Functioning

The mini‐review is devoted to the influence of the structure and properties of chiral macroheterocyclic dopants on the induction of helical liquid‐crystalline phases. Using the example of solutions of synthetic porphyrins, camphor substituted hemiporphyrazines and tetrapyrazinoporphyrazines, as well as chemically modified natural macrocycles based on chlorin e6 derivatives and their metal complexes in nematic liquid crystals, the features of the mesomorphic, dielectric and rheological properties of induced spiral mesophases are discussed. The brief review is devoted to influence of the molecular structure and optical activity of chiral macroheterocycles on the efficiency of induction of helical liquid‐crystalline phases. A strong effect of macrocycles acoplanarity and interactions with LC on the helical pitch and phase transitions of induced phase was established.