Explosives Based on Diaminourea

Diaminourea (DAU, 1) is synthesized by the reaction of dimethylcarbonate with hydrazine hydrate. DAU was protonated using nitric as well as perchloric acid yielding diaminouronium nitrate (2), diaminouronium dinitrate monohydrate (3) and diaminouronium perchlorate (4). The bis‐perchlorate salt could not be isolated due to its high hygroscopicity. Explosives 2–4 were fully characterized using X‐ray diffraction, NMR and vibrational spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. The thermal properties were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The sensitivities towards impact (2: 9 J, 3: >40 J, 4: 2 J), friction (2: 288 N, 3: >360 N, 4: 5 N) and electrical discharge (2: 0.60 J, 3: 0.50 J, 4: 0.30 J) were investigated using Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung (BAM) methods and a small scale electrostatic discharge device. The detonation parameters of 2 and 3 were computed using the EXPLO5.04 code with the X‐ray densities as well as calculated (CBS‐4 M) energies of formation as input values.