Freezing of sea ice with an inhomogeneous material distribution using the Theory of Porous Media

In this paper, we present results of a four‐field finite element formulation in the context of the Theory of Porous Media for the modeling of freezing processes. The primary solution variables are ice displacements, fluid pressure, temperature, and volume fraction ice. In detail, we show results on ice formation (mass transfer from liquid to solid constitutents) and temperature distribution. Special attention is given to the modeling of the heat of solidification. A thermodynamically consistent approach is used for the energetic effects to characterize and control the phase transition, see [1]. Finally, a numerical example of a freezing process with an inhomogeneous material distribution is shown.