Electromagnetic scattering from perfect electric conductors using an augmented time-domain integral-equation technique

A stabilization technique that overcomes the low‐frequency instabilities encountered in current time‐domain integral‐equation implementations for electromagnetic‐scattering problems is proposed. The approach augments the tangential‐field integral equations with additional equations that impose the boundary condition on normal fields. The implementation uses the higher‐order vector bases of Graglia et al. and bandlimited interpolation functions (BLIFs) to affect the spatial and temporal discretization of the integral equations, respectively. An extrapolation technique has been implemented to overcome the noncausality introduced by the BLIFs into the system. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 45: 26–31, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20713