Analysis of hydrothermal characteristics of magnetic Al 2 O 3 ‐H 2 O nanofluid within a novel wavy enclosure during natural convection process considering internal heat generation

This numerical contribution examines the magnetic natural convection within a novel nanoliquid filled‐enclosure with wavy wall and trapezoidal heater considering interior heat generation. Numerical solutions are obtained via Finite Element Method. The effectual thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanoliquid are computed by Koo‐Kleinstreuer‐Li correlations considering the nanoparticle's Brownian motion. Impacts of diverse parameters like heat generation parameter, shape factor of nanoparticles, Hartmann number, nanoparticles concentration, displacement of the trapezoidal heater wall, Rayleigh number, and amplitude of wavy wall on natural convective flow characteristic are perused. The results disclose that the application of an interior heat generation and horizontal magnetic field can be an effectual way in controlling natural convective flow inside the system.