Design and Development of a Non‐Enzymatic Electrochemical Biosensor for the Detection of Glutathione

Glutathione (GSH‐reduced form) is a tripeptide that plays a vital role as an antioxidant to remove xenobiotics in the human body and changes in GSH levels are a marker for the progression of various diseases. In this context, a highly sensitive non‐enzymatic electrochemical biosensor for the detection of GSH has been developed using reduced graphene oxide Manganese oxide (rGMnO) nanocomposite as the nano‐interface. Initially, graphene oxide was synthesized by Hummer's method and then thermally reduced in the presence of MnO2 in a blast furnace to obtain rGMnO nanocomposite. The nanocomposite was characterized to validate its structure and morphological properties via Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Cyclic voltammetry and amperometry studies showed that upon the addition of GSH, the Pt/rGMnO modified working electrode exhibited a linear response in the range of 1–100 μM at an input voltage of −0.62 V. The developed sensor was found to have a sensitivity of 0.3256 μA μM−1 and LOD of 970 nM with a recovery of 92–104 % in real blood serum samples.