Model‐Informed Dose Selection for Xentuzumab, a Dual Insulin‐Like Growth Factor‐I/II—Neutralizing Antibody

Over the past decade, the insulin‐like growth factor (IGF)‐signaling pathway has gained substantial interest as potential therapeutic target in oncology. Xentuzumab, a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody, binds to IGF‐I and IGF‐II thereby inhibiting the downstream signaling essential for survival and tumor growth. This pathway is further regulated by circulating IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs). In this work, a mechanistic model characterizing the dynamics and interactions of IGFs, IGFBPs, and Xentuzumab has been developed to guide dose selection. Therefore, in vitro and in vivo literature information was combined with temporal IGF‐I, IGF‐II, and IGFBP‐3 total plasma concentrations from two phase I studies. Based on the established quantitative framework, the time‐course of free IGFs as ultimate drug targets not measured in clinics was predicted. Finally, a dose of 1000 mg/week—predicted to reduce free IGF‐I and free IGF‐II at steady‐state by at least 90% and 64%, respectively—was suggested for phase II.