Die Absicherung von Druckbehältern mit den Mitteln der Meß‐ und Regeltechnik — eine Alternative zur Druckentlastung

Safety of pressure vessels by means of measurement and control engineering – an alternative to pressure release. The practice of safety engineering shows that pressure release devices are appropriate or reasonable for only a small portion of the reactions requiring safety assurance measures. One reason is that there is not always an unequivocal relationship between pressure and the factors temperature and concentration which influence the reaction rate. Such a relationship is necessary for reliable pressure release. In addition, environmental protection requires that vapours and liquids leaving the reactor be condensed and collected. Devices used in process control engineering represent alternatives to pressure release systems. They are intended to prevent systems from reaching impermissible operating states. However, this requires very accurate process analysis, for any unrecognized deviation from the correct value of a safety‐relevant process variable could make a safety concept based solely on process control engineering ineffective.