Effect of taurine and camel milk on amyloid beta peptide concentration and oxidative stress changes in aluminium chloride‐induced Alzheimer's disease rats

Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by brain accumulation of amyloid‐beta peptide, and oxidative stress (Huang et al., 2016). The study evaluated effects of taurine and camel milk (CM) on amyloid‐beta peptide and malondialdehyde concentrations and haemolysis in AlCl3‐model of Alzheimer’s disease in rats. Method Thirty‐five female Wistar rats were divided into seven groups (n=5); Normal saline (0.2 mL/mg body weight); AlCl3 (100 mg/kg); CM (33 mL/kg) (Khatoon et al., 2016); Taurine (50 mg/kg) (Cetiner et al., 2005); AlCl3 (100 mg/kg) + CM (33 mL/kg); AlCl3 (100 mg/kg) + Taurine (50 mg/kg) and AlCl3 (100 mg/kg) + CM (33 mL/kg) + Taurine (50 mg/kg). The administration via oral gavage, lasted for eight weeks. Rats were sacrificed, brain (hippocampal) and blood samples were collected for determination of amyloid‐beta peptide 1‐42 (Aβ) and malondialdehyde concentrations and haemolysis changes. Result The concentration of Aβ peptide decreased (P < 0.05) in AD + CM (7.46 ± 0.31 ng/L) and AD + CM + Taurine (9.20 ± 0.43 ng/L), when compared to controls. Malonaldehyde concentration in AD + Taurine decreased (P < 0.05) and superoxide dismutase activity increased (P < 0.05) in AD + CM and AD + CM + Taurine groups compared to controls. At 0.5 % NaCl, percentage haemolysis in AD rats (45.50 ± 1.19 %) was lower (P < 0.05) than in AD + Tau (49.75 ± 3.25 %), AD + CM (51.50 ± 3.00 %) and AD + CM + Tau (52.00 ± 1.70 %) rats. The haemolysis at 0.4 % NaCl was lowest (P < 0.05) in AD (66.00 ± 2.12 %) rats, compared to AD + Tau (71.00 ± 4.40 %), AD + CM (74.25 ± 3.70 %) and AD + CM + Tau (73.50 ± 3.00 %) rats. Percentage haemolysis at 0.5% NaCl concentration increased (P < 0.05) in AD + CM (53.60 ± 2.96 %) and AD + CM + Taurine (51.20 ± 1.53 %) when compared to the controls. Conclusion Taurine and camel milk reduced the accumulation of Aβ peptide and ameliorated the oxidative stress damage by decreasing malondialdehyde concentrations and percentage haemolysis.