Competitive Hydrogenation of Alkyl-Substituted Arenes by Transition-Metal Nanoparticles: Correlation with the Alkyl-Steric Effect
The influence of substituents on rate constants of the hydrogenation of monoalkylbenzenes by transition metal nanoparticles or by classical heterogeneous catalysts can be rationalized in terms of the Taft rule. A series of the initial reaction rate constants obtained from various competitive toluene...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Advanced synthesis & catalysis 2005-05, Vol.347 (6), p.847-853 |
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description | The influence of substituents on rate constants of the hydrogenation of monoalkylbenzenes by transition metal nanoparticles or by classical heterogeneous catalysts can be rationalized in terms of the Taft rule. A series of the initial reaction rate constants obtained from various competitive toluene/benzene and toluene/monoalkylbenzene hydrogenation experiments catalyzed by transition‐metal nanoparticles prepared in the presence of imidazolium ionic liquids or surfactants [Ir(0), Rh(0) and Ru(0)] or by classical heterogeneous catalysts (PtO2, Rh/C, Rh/Al2O3, Ru/C, Ru/Al2O3 and Pd/C) have been correlated with the Taft equation $\left( {\log {{k_B k_B } \over {k_A k_a }} = \rho E_s } \right)$. Satisfactory correlation coefficients (r) (between 0.96 and 0.99) and positive slopes (ρ) between 0.38 and 0.83 have been obtained. The results clearly show that the reaction constants for the alkyl‐substituents can be expressed by steric factors and are independent of any other non‐steric factors. It is suggested that bulky alkylbenzene substituents, for both transition metal nanoparticles and classical heterogeneous hydrogenation reactions, lower the overall hydrogenation rate, implying a more disturbed transition state compared to the initial state of the hydrogenation (in terms of the Horiuti–Polanyi mechanism). This competitive method is suitable for the estimation of the constant selectivity for couples of alkylbenzenes in which the difference in hydrogenation rates are very high and experimentally difficult to measure and also useful for the design of more selective “nano” and classical catalysts for hydrogenation reactions. |
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A series of the initial reaction rate constants obtained from various competitive toluene/benzene and toluene/monoalkylbenzene hydrogenation experiments catalyzed by transition‐metal nanoparticles prepared in the presence of imidazolium ionic liquids or surfactants [Ir(0), Rh(0) and Ru(0)] or by classical heterogeneous catalysts (PtO2, Rh/C, Rh/Al2O3, Ru/C, Ru/Al2O3 and Pd/C) have been correlated with the Taft equation $\left( {\log {{k_B k_B } \over {k_A k_a }} = \rho E_s } \right)$. Satisfactory correlation coefficients (r) (between 0.96 and 0.99) and positive slopes (ρ) between 0.38 and 0.83 have been obtained. The results clearly show that the reaction constants for the alkyl‐substituents can be expressed by steric factors and are independent of any other non‐steric factors. It is suggested that bulky alkylbenzene substituents, for both transition metal nanoparticles and classical heterogeneous hydrogenation reactions, lower the overall hydrogenation rate, implying a more disturbed transition state compared to the initial state of the hydrogenation (in terms of the Horiuti–Polanyi mechanism). This competitive method is suitable for the estimation of the constant selectivity for couples of alkylbenzenes in which the difference in hydrogenation rates are very high and experimentally difficult to measure and also useful for the design of more selective “nano” and classical catalysts for hydrogenation reactions.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1615-4150</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1615-4169</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200404387</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Weinheim: WILEY-VCH Verlag</publisher><subject>arenes ; hydrogenation ; ionic liquids ; steric effects ; transition metal nanoparticles</subject><ispartof>Advanced synthesis & catalysis, 2005-05, Vol.347 (6), p.847-853</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3277-4b5e932946d3391f4688d3801d7c394e879b21659e4140de3e9a8c2acb490a633</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3277-4b5e932946d3391f4688d3801d7c394e879b21659e4140de3e9a8c2acb490a633</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fadsc.200404387$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27901,27902,45551</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Fonseca, Gledison S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Silveira, Edson T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gelesky, Marcos A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dupont, Jairton</creatorcontrib><title>Competitive Hydrogenation of Alkyl-Substituted Arenes by Transition-Metal Nanoparticles: Correlation with the Alkyl-Steric Effect</title><title>Advanced synthesis & catalysis</title><addtitle>Adv. Synth. Catal</addtitle><description>The influence of substituents on rate constants of the hydrogenation of monoalkylbenzenes by transition metal nanoparticles or by classical heterogeneous catalysts can be rationalized in terms of the Taft rule. A series of the initial reaction rate constants obtained from various competitive toluene/benzene and toluene/monoalkylbenzene hydrogenation experiments catalyzed by transition‐metal nanoparticles prepared in the presence of imidazolium ionic liquids or surfactants [Ir(0), Rh(0) and Ru(0)] or by classical heterogeneous catalysts (PtO2, Rh/C, Rh/Al2O3, Ru/C, Ru/Al2O3 and Pd/C) have been correlated with the Taft equation $\left( {\log {{k_B k_B } \over {k_A k_a }} = \rho E_s } \right)$. Satisfactory correlation coefficients (r) (between 0.96 and 0.99) and positive slopes (ρ) between 0.38 and 0.83 have been obtained. The results clearly show that the reaction constants for the alkyl‐substituents can be expressed by steric factors and are independent of any other non‐steric factors. It is suggested that bulky alkylbenzene substituents, for both transition metal nanoparticles and classical heterogeneous hydrogenation reactions, lower the overall hydrogenation rate, implying a more disturbed transition state compared to the initial state of the hydrogenation (in terms of the Horiuti–Polanyi mechanism). This competitive method is suitable for the estimation of the constant selectivity for couples of alkylbenzenes in which the difference in hydrogenation rates are very high and experimentally difficult to measure and also useful for the design of more selective “nano” and classical catalysts for hydrogenation reactions.</description><subject>arenes</subject><subject>hydrogenation</subject><subject>ionic liquids</subject><subject>steric effects</subject><subject>transition metal nanoparticles</subject><issn>1615-4150</issn><issn>1615-4169</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2005</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkEFPwjAYhhejiYhePfcPDNu1W1dvZCiYIB7AYLw0XfdNKmMjbRF39J8LQYk3T993eJ738ATBNcE9gnF0owqnexHGDDOa8pOgQxISh4wk4vT4x_g8uHDuHWPCU847wVfWrNbgjTcfgEZtYZs3qJU3TY2aEvWrZVuF003udsTGQ4H6FmpwKG_RzKramT0ZPoJXFZqoulkr642uwN2irLEWqsPU1vgF8gv4HfRgjUZ3ZQnaXwZnpaocXP3cbvB8fzfLRuH4afiQ9cehphHnIctjEDQSLCkoFaRkSZoWNMWk4JoKBikXeUSSWAAjDBdAQahUR0rnTGCVUNoNeoddbRvnLJRybc1K2VYSLPcB5T6gPAbcCeIgbE0F7T-07A-m2V83PLjGefg8usouZcIpj-V8MpSv8wF7GdCpTOk3JDmGIQ</recordid><startdate>200505</startdate><enddate>200505</enddate><creator>Fonseca, Gledison S.</creator><creator>Silveira, Edson T.</creator><creator>Gelesky, Marcos A.</creator><creator>Dupont, Jairton</creator><general>WILEY-VCH Verlag</general><general>WILEY‐VCH Verlag</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200505</creationdate><title>Competitive Hydrogenation of Alkyl-Substituted Arenes by Transition-Metal Nanoparticles: Correlation with the Alkyl-Steric Effect</title><author>Fonseca, Gledison S. ; Silveira, Edson T. ; Gelesky, Marcos A. ; Dupont, Jairton</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3277-4b5e932946d3391f4688d3801d7c394e879b21659e4140de3e9a8c2acb490a633</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2005</creationdate><topic>arenes</topic><topic>hydrogenation</topic><topic>ionic liquids</topic><topic>steric effects</topic><topic>transition metal nanoparticles</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Fonseca, Gledison S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Silveira, Edson T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gelesky, Marcos A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dupont, Jairton</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Advanced synthesis & catalysis</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Fonseca, Gledison S.</au><au>Silveira, Edson T.</au><au>Gelesky, Marcos A.</au><au>Dupont, Jairton</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Competitive Hydrogenation of Alkyl-Substituted Arenes by Transition-Metal Nanoparticles: Correlation with the Alkyl-Steric Effect</atitle><jtitle>Advanced synthesis & catalysis</jtitle><addtitle>Adv. Synth. Catal</addtitle><date>2005-05</date><risdate>2005</risdate><volume>347</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>847</spage><epage>853</epage><pages>847-853</pages><issn>1615-4150</issn><eissn>1615-4169</eissn><abstract>The influence of substituents on rate constants of the hydrogenation of monoalkylbenzenes by transition metal nanoparticles or by classical heterogeneous catalysts can be rationalized in terms of the Taft rule. A series of the initial reaction rate constants obtained from various competitive toluene/benzene and toluene/monoalkylbenzene hydrogenation experiments catalyzed by transition‐metal nanoparticles prepared in the presence of imidazolium ionic liquids or surfactants [Ir(0), Rh(0) and Ru(0)] or by classical heterogeneous catalysts (PtO2, Rh/C, Rh/Al2O3, Ru/C, Ru/Al2O3 and Pd/C) have been correlated with the Taft equation $\left( {\log {{k_B k_B } \over {k_A k_a }} = \rho E_s } \right)$. Satisfactory correlation coefficients (r) (between 0.96 and 0.99) and positive slopes (ρ) between 0.38 and 0.83 have been obtained. The results clearly show that the reaction constants for the alkyl‐substituents can be expressed by steric factors and are independent of any other non‐steric factors. It is suggested that bulky alkylbenzene substituents, for both transition metal nanoparticles and classical heterogeneous hydrogenation reactions, lower the overall hydrogenation rate, implying a more disturbed transition state compared to the initial state of the hydrogenation (in terms of the Horiuti–Polanyi mechanism). This competitive method is suitable for the estimation of the constant selectivity for couples of alkylbenzenes in which the difference in hydrogenation rates are very high and experimentally difficult to measure and also useful for the design of more selective “nano” and classical catalysts for hydrogenation reactions.</abstract><cop>Weinheim</cop><pub>WILEY-VCH Verlag</pub><doi>10.1002/adsc.200404387</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | arenes hydrogenation ionic liquids steric effects transition metal nanoparticles |
title | Competitive Hydrogenation of Alkyl-Substituted Arenes by Transition-Metal Nanoparticles: Correlation with the Alkyl-Steric Effect |
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