Cerman: Software for simulating streamer propagation in dielectric liquids based on the Townsend–Meek criterion

We present a software to simulate the propagation of positive streamers in dielectric liquids. Such liquids are commonly used for electric insulation of high-power equipment. We simulate electrical breakdown in a needle–plane geometry, where the needle and the extremities of the streamer are modeled by hyperboloids, which are used to calculate the electric field in the liquid. If the field is sufficiently high, electrons released from anions in the liquid can turn into electron avalanches, and the streamer propagates if an avalanche meets the Townsend–Meek criterion. The software is written entirely in Python and released under an MIT license. We also present a set of model simulations demonstrating the capability and versatility of the software.