Putative fossils of chemotrophic microbes preserved in seep carbonates from Vestnesa Ridge, off northwest Svalbard, Norway
The microbial key players at methane seeps are methanotrophic archaea and sulfate-reducing bacteria. They form spherical aggregates and jointly mediate the sulfate-dependent anaerobic oxidation of methane (SD-AOM: CH4 + SO42- → HCO3- + HS- + H2O), thereby inducing the precipitation of authigenic see...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Geology (Boulder) 2022-02, Vol.50 (2), p.169-173 |
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| creator | Himmler, Tobias Cremiere, Antoine Birgel, Daniel Wirth, Richard Orphan, Victoria J Kirsimae, Kalle Knies, Jochen Peckmann, Jörn Lepland, Aivo |
| description | The microbial key players at methane seeps are methanotrophic archaea and sulfate-reducing bacteria. They form spherical aggregates and jointly mediate the sulfate-dependent anaerobic oxidation of methane (SD-AOM: CH4 + SO42- → HCO3- + HS- + H2O), thereby inducing the precipitation of authigenic seep carbonates. While seep carbonates constitute valuable archives for molecular fossils of SD-AOM-mediating microbes, no microfossils have been identified as AOM aggregates to date. We report clustered spherical microstructures engulfed in 13C-depleted aragonite cement (δ13C values as low as -33 ppm) of Pleistocene seep carbonates. The clusters comprise Mg-calcite spheres between ∼5 µm (single spheres) and ∼30 µm (clusters) in diameter. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed a porous nanocrystalline fabric in the core area of the spheres surrounded by one or two concentric layers of Mg-calcite crystals. In situ measured sphere δ13C values as low as -42 ppm indicate that methane-derived carbon is the dominant carbon source. The size and concentric layering of the spheres resembles mineralized aggregates of natural anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME) of the ANME-2 group surrounded by one or two layers of sulfate-reducing bacteria. Abundant carbonate-bound 13C-depleted lipid biomarkers of archaea and bacteria indicative of the ANME-2-Desulfosarcina/Desulfococcus consortium agree with SD-AOM-mediating microbes as critical agents of carbonate precipitation. Given the morphological resemblance, in concert with negative in situ δ13C values and abundant SD-AOM-diagnostic biomarkers, the clustered spheres likely represent fossils of SD-AOM-mediating microbes. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1130/G49620.1 |
| format | Article |
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They form spherical aggregates and jointly mediate the sulfate-dependent anaerobic oxidation of methane (SD-AOM: CH4 + SO42- → HCO3- + HS- + H2O), thereby inducing the precipitation of authigenic seep carbonates. While seep carbonates constitute valuable archives for molecular fossils of SD-AOM-mediating microbes, no microfossils have been identified as AOM aggregates to date. We report clustered spherical microstructures engulfed in 13C-depleted aragonite cement (δ13C values as low as -33 ppm) of Pleistocene seep carbonates. The clusters comprise Mg-calcite spheres between ∼5 µm (single spheres) and ∼30 µm (clusters) in diameter. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed a porous nanocrystalline fabric in the core area of the spheres surrounded by one or two concentric layers of Mg-calcite crystals. In situ measured sphere δ13C values as low as -42 ppm indicate that methane-derived carbon is the dominant carbon source. The size and concentric layering of the spheres resembles mineralized aggregates of natural anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME) of the ANME-2 group surrounded by one or two layers of sulfate-reducing bacteria. Abundant carbonate-bound 13C-depleted lipid biomarkers of archaea and bacteria indicative of the ANME-2-Desulfosarcina/Desulfococcus consortium agree with SD-AOM-mediating microbes as critical agents of carbonate precipitation. Given the morphological resemblance, in concert with negative in situ δ13C values and abundant SD-AOM-diagnostic biomarkers, the clustered spheres likely represent fossils of SD-AOM-mediating microbes.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0091-7613</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1943-2682</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1943-2682</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1130/G49620.1</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Boulder: Geological Society of America (GSA)</publisher><subject>Aggregates ; Aragonite ; Archaea ; Archives ; Arctic Ocean ; Arctic region ; Bacteria ; Biomarkers ; C-13/C-12 ; Calcite ; Carbon ; Carbon sources ; carbonate sediments ; Carbonates ; Cenozoic ; chemical composition ; Chemical precipitation ; Clusters ; cold seeps ; Crystals ; Depletion ; Diameters ; EDS spectra ; Electron microscopy ; electron microscopy data ; Fossils ; Geochemistry ; Geofag: 450 ; Geology ; Geosciences: 450 ; isotope ratios ; isotopes ; Lipids ; marine environment ; marine sediments ; Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400 ; Mathematics and natural science: 400 ; Methane ; Microorganisms ; microstructure ; morphology ; Oxidation ; paleoenvironment ; Paleontology ; Pleistocene ; preservation ; Quaternary ; sediments ; Seepages ; SEM data ; spectra ; Spheres ; stable isotopes ; Sulfate reduction ; Sulfate-reducing bacteria ; Sulfates ; Sulphate reduction ; Svalbard ; TEM data ; Transmission electron microscopy ; upper Pleistocene ; VDP ; Vestnesa Ridge ; X-ray diffraction data ; X-ray spectra</subject><ispartof>Geology (Boulder), 2022-02, Vol.50 (2), p.169-173</ispartof><rights>GeoRef, Copyright 2022, American Geosciences Institute. 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Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America @Boulder, CO @USA @United States</rights><rights>Copyright Geological Society of America Feb 1, 2022</rights><rights>info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a372t-6ca7848d0efdf2073e66420353a4b5a564c6961983c790a99c75764dc15549df3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a372t-6ca7848d0efdf2073e66420353a4b5a564c6961983c790a99c75764dc15549df3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,780,885,26567</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttp://hdl.handle.net/10037/23140$$EView_record_in_NORA$$FView_record_in_$$GNORA$$Hfree_for_read</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Himmler, Tobias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cremiere, Antoine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Birgel, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wirth, Richard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Orphan, Victoria J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kirsimae, Kalle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Knies, Jochen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peckmann, Jörn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lepland, Aivo</creatorcontrib><title>Putative fossils of chemotrophic microbes preserved in seep carbonates from Vestnesa Ridge, off northwest Svalbard, Norway</title><title>Geology (Boulder)</title><description>The microbial key players at methane seeps are methanotrophic archaea and sulfate-reducing bacteria. They form spherical aggregates and jointly mediate the sulfate-dependent anaerobic oxidation of methane (SD-AOM: CH4 + SO42- → HCO3- + HS- + H2O), thereby inducing the precipitation of authigenic seep carbonates. While seep carbonates constitute valuable archives for molecular fossils of SD-AOM-mediating microbes, no microfossils have been identified as AOM aggregates to date. We report clustered spherical microstructures engulfed in 13C-depleted aragonite cement (δ13C values as low as -33 ppm) of Pleistocene seep carbonates. The clusters comprise Mg-calcite spheres between ∼5 µm (single spheres) and ∼30 µm (clusters) in diameter. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed a porous nanocrystalline fabric in the core area of the spheres surrounded by one or two concentric layers of Mg-calcite crystals. In situ measured sphere δ13C values as low as -42 ppm indicate that methane-derived carbon is the dominant carbon source. The size and concentric layering of the spheres resembles mineralized aggregates of natural anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME) of the ANME-2 group surrounded by one or two layers of sulfate-reducing bacteria. Abundant carbonate-bound 13C-depleted lipid biomarkers of archaea and bacteria indicative of the ANME-2-Desulfosarcina/Desulfococcus consortium agree with SD-AOM-mediating microbes as critical agents of carbonate precipitation. Given the morphological resemblance, in concert with negative in situ δ13C values and abundant SD-AOM-diagnostic biomarkers, the clustered spheres likely represent fossils of SD-AOM-mediating microbes.</description><subject>Aggregates</subject><subject>Aragonite</subject><subject>Archaea</subject><subject>Archives</subject><subject>Arctic Ocean</subject><subject>Arctic region</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Biomarkers</subject><subject>C-13/C-12</subject><subject>Calcite</subject><subject>Carbon</subject><subject>Carbon sources</subject><subject>carbonate sediments</subject><subject>Carbonates</subject><subject>Cenozoic</subject><subject>chemical composition</subject><subject>Chemical precipitation</subject><subject>Clusters</subject><subject>cold seeps</subject><subject>Crystals</subject><subject>Depletion</subject><subject>Diameters</subject><subject>EDS spectra</subject><subject>Electron microscopy</subject><subject>electron microscopy data</subject><subject>Fossils</subject><subject>Geochemistry</subject><subject>Geofag: 450</subject><subject>Geology</subject><subject>Geosciences: 450</subject><subject>isotope ratios</subject><subject>isotopes</subject><subject>Lipids</subject><subject>marine environment</subject><subject>marine sediments</subject><subject>Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400</subject><subject>Mathematics and natural science: 400</subject><subject>Methane</subject><subject>Microorganisms</subject><subject>microstructure</subject><subject>morphology</subject><subject>Oxidation</subject><subject>paleoenvironment</subject><subject>Paleontology</subject><subject>Pleistocene</subject><subject>preservation</subject><subject>Quaternary</subject><subject>sediments</subject><subject>Seepages</subject><subject>SEM data</subject><subject>spectra</subject><subject>Spheres</subject><subject>stable isotopes</subject><subject>Sulfate reduction</subject><subject>Sulfate-reducing bacteria</subject><subject>Sulfates</subject><subject>Sulphate reduction</subject><subject>Svalbard</subject><subject>TEM data</subject><subject>Transmission electron microscopy</subject><subject>upper Pleistocene</subject><subject>VDP</subject><subject>Vestnesa Ridge</subject><subject>X-ray diffraction data</subject><subject>X-ray spectra</subject><issn>0091-7613</issn><issn>1943-2682</issn><issn>1943-2682</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>3HK</sourceid><recordid>eNpNkV1LHDEUhkNR6FaF_oMGvCno2JOPSSaXIlYLolLb3oZs5sSN7E7GZHYX--sbWQtenQPn4eHlPYR8ZnDGmIBvV9IoXvcPZMaMFA1XHd8jMwDDGq2Y-Eg-lfIEwGSruxn5e7-e3BQ3SEMqJS4LTYH6Ba7SlNO4iJ6uos9pjoWOGQvmDfY0DrQgjtS7PE-Dm-ox5LSif7BMAxZHf8b-EU-rKtAh5WmxrQf6sHHLucv9Kb1NeeteDsl-cMuCR2_zgPz-fvnr4rq5ubv6cXF-0zih-dQo73Qnux4w9IGDFqiU5CBa4eS8da2SXhnFTCe8NuCM8brVSvaeta00fRAH5MvO63MsUxxsjeQsAxDacsEkVOJ4R4w5Pa9rVvuU1nmooSxXXAHvDJhKff3vqVVlDHbMceXyS3XZ1-7trnvLKnqyQx8xFR9x8LhNedm_8wJnFnT9ihH_APtwhB0</recordid><startdate>20220201</startdate><enddate>20220201</enddate><creator>Himmler, Tobias</creator><creator>Cremiere, Antoine</creator><creator>Birgel, Daniel</creator><creator>Wirth, Richard</creator><creator>Orphan, Victoria J</creator><creator>Kirsimae, Kalle</creator><creator>Knies, Jochen</creator><creator>Peckmann, Jörn</creator><creator>Lepland, Aivo</creator><general>Geological Society of America (GSA)</general><general>Geological Society of America</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>3HK</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20220201</creationdate><title>Putative fossils of chemotrophic microbes preserved in seep carbonates from Vestnesa Ridge, off northwest Svalbard, Norway</title><author>Himmler, Tobias ; Cremiere, Antoine ; Birgel, Daniel ; Wirth, Richard ; Orphan, Victoria J ; Kirsimae, Kalle ; Knies, Jochen ; Peckmann, Jörn ; Lepland, Aivo</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a372t-6ca7848d0efdf2073e66420353a4b5a564c6961983c790a99c75764dc15549df3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Aggregates</topic><topic>Aragonite</topic><topic>Archaea</topic><topic>Archives</topic><topic>Arctic Ocean</topic><topic>Arctic region</topic><topic>Bacteria</topic><topic>Biomarkers</topic><topic>C-13/C-12</topic><topic>Calcite</topic><topic>Carbon</topic><topic>Carbon sources</topic><topic>carbonate sediments</topic><topic>Carbonates</topic><topic>Cenozoic</topic><topic>chemical composition</topic><topic>Chemical precipitation</topic><topic>Clusters</topic><topic>cold seeps</topic><topic>Crystals</topic><topic>Depletion</topic><topic>Diameters</topic><topic>EDS spectra</topic><topic>Electron microscopy</topic><topic>electron microscopy data</topic><topic>Fossils</topic><topic>Geochemistry</topic><topic>Geofag: 450</topic><topic>Geology</topic><topic>Geosciences: 450</topic><topic>isotope ratios</topic><topic>isotopes</topic><topic>Lipids</topic><topic>marine environment</topic><topic>marine sediments</topic><topic>Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400</topic><topic>Mathematics and natural science: 400</topic><topic>Methane</topic><topic>Microorganisms</topic><topic>microstructure</topic><topic>morphology</topic><topic>Oxidation</topic><topic>paleoenvironment</topic><topic>Paleontology</topic><topic>Pleistocene</topic><topic>preservation</topic><topic>Quaternary</topic><topic>sediments</topic><topic>Seepages</topic><topic>SEM data</topic><topic>spectra</topic><topic>Spheres</topic><topic>stable isotopes</topic><topic>Sulfate reduction</topic><topic>Sulfate-reducing bacteria</topic><topic>Sulfates</topic><topic>Sulphate reduction</topic><topic>Svalbard</topic><topic>TEM data</topic><topic>Transmission electron microscopy</topic><topic>upper Pleistocene</topic><topic>VDP</topic><topic>Vestnesa Ridge</topic><topic>X-ray diffraction data</topic><topic>X-ray spectra</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Himmler, Tobias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cremiere, Antoine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Birgel, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wirth, Richard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Orphan, Victoria J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kirsimae, Kalle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Knies, Jochen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peckmann, Jörn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lepland, Aivo</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives</collection><jtitle>Geology (Boulder)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Himmler, Tobias</au><au>Cremiere, Antoine</au><au>Birgel, Daniel</au><au>Wirth, Richard</au><au>Orphan, Victoria J</au><au>Kirsimae, Kalle</au><au>Knies, Jochen</au><au>Peckmann, Jörn</au><au>Lepland, Aivo</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Putative fossils of chemotrophic microbes preserved in seep carbonates from Vestnesa Ridge, off northwest Svalbard, Norway</atitle><jtitle>Geology (Boulder)</jtitle><date>2022-02-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>50</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>169</spage><epage>173</epage><pages>169-173</pages><issn>0091-7613</issn><issn>1943-2682</issn><eissn>1943-2682</eissn><abstract>The microbial key players at methane seeps are methanotrophic archaea and sulfate-reducing bacteria. They form spherical aggregates and jointly mediate the sulfate-dependent anaerobic oxidation of methane (SD-AOM: CH4 + SO42- → HCO3- + HS- + H2O), thereby inducing the precipitation of authigenic seep carbonates. While seep carbonates constitute valuable archives for molecular fossils of SD-AOM-mediating microbes, no microfossils have been identified as AOM aggregates to date. We report clustered spherical microstructures engulfed in 13C-depleted aragonite cement (δ13C values as low as -33 ppm) of Pleistocene seep carbonates. The clusters comprise Mg-calcite spheres between ∼5 µm (single spheres) and ∼30 µm (clusters) in diameter. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed a porous nanocrystalline fabric in the core area of the spheres surrounded by one or two concentric layers of Mg-calcite crystals. In situ measured sphere δ13C values as low as -42 ppm indicate that methane-derived carbon is the dominant carbon source. The size and concentric layering of the spheres resembles mineralized aggregates of natural anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME) of the ANME-2 group surrounded by one or two layers of sulfate-reducing bacteria. Abundant carbonate-bound 13C-depleted lipid biomarkers of archaea and bacteria indicative of the ANME-2-Desulfosarcina/Desulfococcus consortium agree with SD-AOM-mediating microbes as critical agents of carbonate precipitation. Given the morphological resemblance, in concert with negative in situ δ13C values and abundant SD-AOM-diagnostic biomarkers, the clustered spheres likely represent fossils of SD-AOM-mediating microbes.</abstract><cop>Boulder</cop><pub>Geological Society of America (GSA)</pub><doi>10.1130/G49620.1</doi><tpages>5</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 0091-7613 |
| ispartof | Geology (Boulder), 2022-02, Vol.50 (2), p.169-173 |
| issn | 0091-7613 1943-2682 1943-2682 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_cristin_nora_10037_23140 |
| source | NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives |
| subjects | Aggregates Aragonite Archaea Archives Arctic Ocean Arctic region Bacteria Biomarkers C-13/C-12 Calcite Carbon Carbon sources carbonate sediments Carbonates Cenozoic chemical composition Chemical precipitation Clusters cold seeps Crystals Depletion Diameters EDS spectra Electron microscopy electron microscopy data Fossils Geochemistry Geofag: 450 Geology Geosciences: 450 isotope ratios isotopes Lipids marine environment marine sediments Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400 Mathematics and natural science: 400 Methane Microorganisms microstructure morphology Oxidation paleoenvironment Paleontology Pleistocene preservation Quaternary sediments Seepages SEM data spectra Spheres stable isotopes Sulfate reduction Sulfate-reducing bacteria Sulfates Sulphate reduction Svalbard TEM data Transmission electron microscopy upper Pleistocene VDP Vestnesa Ridge X-ray diffraction data X-ray spectra |
| title | Putative fossils of chemotrophic microbes preserved in seep carbonates from Vestnesa Ridge, off northwest Svalbard, Norway |
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