Waret hammer in coarse—grained solid—liquid flows in hydraulic hoisting for ocean mining

The particles of polymetallic nodules in hydraulic hoisting flows that are used for mining in deep sea are rather coarse,therefore their flow velocity is smaller than that of the surrounding water.The characteristics of solid-liquid flows such as their density,concentration,elastic modulus and resistance were discussed.The wave propagation speed and the continuity and momentum equations of water hammer in coarse-grained solid-liquid flows were theoretically derived,and a water hammer model for such flows was developed.