Lietuvių kalbos balsių abėcėlės tvarka ir netvarka: istorija ir nūdiena

In the first half of the 19th century the diacritical letters marking vowel sounds were rarely employed in word initial position in the head word in a Lithuanian dictionary, and if occurring, their appearance was quite unsystematic. The authors in Lithuania Major did not use the diacritical at all, although it was present in the dictionary of Kristijonas Milkus (1800) from Lithuania Minor. Dominykas Sutkevičius wrote the diacritical interchangeably with the plain (1835). Diacritical (in the shape of ) was included in the section both by Milkus and Sutkevičius. Ambraziejus Pabrėža alone separated and under individual headings (in accordance with the alphabetical order of Polish; 1834). Because of the traditional lack of a distinction between the capital letters and , the words containing sounds [i] and [j] in word initial position most often were merged into a single list, and the sign was used to represent both of them (Milkus, Pabrėža, Sutkevičius, and the anonymous author of an Eastern Highland Dictionary). Stanevičius alone (1823) separated sounds [i] and [j] and formed two separate lists for the two distinct letters and .