THE ROMANIAN COUNTRIES IN EUROPEAN POLITICAL CONTEXT. FROM THE TRUCE OF BAKHCHISARAI (1681) TO THE SIEGE OF VIENNA (1683)

The present study presents the course of the international relations and their repercussions during 1681 (The Truce of Bakhchisarai) and 1683 (the Siege against Vienna). In the beginning, we analyze the implications that arose when the ruler of Moldavia was named hetman over Ukraine (only on the right side of the Dnieper river) by the Sultan, in 1681, but also the connections of Poland and Russia with Gheorghe Duca. The presentation of the Turkish-Austrian relations, during 1681 and 1682, is separately analyzed, highlighting the support given by the Porte to the leader of the rebels who fought against the Habsburgs; we also emphasize the reorientation of the Polish foreign policy determined by Yan III Sobieski’s alliance with the Habsburgs (1683). The battle for Vienna had a general political implication; the detachments of the Romanian Countries also fought in this battle. All that followed until January 1699, at Karlowitz, only proved that, in the middle Danube area, unique events were taking place. The Ottoman Empire was gradually losing half of its European territories, and it was heading towards an imminent collapse.