Efektívnosť programov univerzálnej prevencie užívania návykových látok medzi školákmi

Universal prevention within the school setting can be an effective method to prevent risky behavior in adolescents. The aim of the study is to analyze the prevention of substance use programs in terms of their curriculum content, implemented approach and mediation mechanism. The curricula of 17 studies that satisfied established criteria were sorted into 3 categories: knowledge, skills, and variables related to self-concept. The programs implemented an information giving approach, a social influence approach and skills enhancement approach. The knowledge, attitudes and beliefs related to substance abuse, and resistance self-efficacy, were identified as significant mediators of program effectiveness. The future direction of prevention development assumes implementing effective strategies of prevention, dissemination of programs which effectiveness and psychological mechanism has been confirmed by previous research.