Kwestia własnościowa w transformacji systemowej

This paper proposes that the speciofic way of privatization process is the main factor which explains both the puzzle of peaceful collapse of the communist regime in Poland, as well as the very essence of the Marsahall Law introduced in 1981 in order to put end to spontaneus, democratic, far-reaching systemic changes to be implemented under the Solidarity pressure. Ways of privatization have also been a factor of durable tensions, discontent and frustration permanently emerging since 1989. The paper consists of three parts. In the first one titled "Trismus", I contest the picture of the Central European nations that was presented both in literature and in public debates. This part, although purely historical one, is needed as a background to understandthe continuity of the pattern of social domination exposed in the closing question: "Why did the communist order, a regime that defended itself stubbornly for a long time, at last collapsed peacefully?" Simultaneously, this question opens the part II of the paper titled "Transition". The chapter "Nomenklatura Chrysalis" is crucial for solving a puzzle of the seemingly sudden and actually peaceful fall of comunism. In the third part I relate the results as the criteria for evaluation of the rationality of choosing given way of privatization as well as the actual basis of the very possibility of subjective thinking by the Polish nation and the Polish nation and the Polish state about the strategy of development.In the wider context of privatization process an aspect of the end of history - to quote Fukuyama - emerges, but not one embodied in political organization of contemporary democratic state, but one apparent in different forms of the structure of social domination in the real sector.