Ролята на интердисциплинарността за интегрирана оценка на риска от земетресения

The concept of risk has of late become a major concept in various sciences. In the social sciences risk is mainly discussed in relation to the vulnerability of disadvantaged groups in societies, especially after the withdrawal of the welfare state. In the natural sciences the main focus is on natural disaster risks, investigated by enginering disciplines. It can be said that each discipline considers the concept of risk according to its own area of interest. For example, engineers try to evaluate the risk of a natural disaster by multiplying the probability of occurrence of the natural event with the consequences when the disaster hits. Sociologists, on the other hand, intend to determine the risk experienced by individuals after the social security systems are privatized, when welfare benefits are no longer very comprehensive and indivuals are left to the mercy of the market economy. Thus, engineering approaches to risk assessment mainly focus on physical environment and elements at risk. While risk assessment in sociology focuses on the human system and investigates the social risk accordingly. However, the understanding and formulation of the risk of a natural disaster require consideration of every aspect of risk, and this can be done by developing integrated approaches. In such approaches, the perspectives of several discipline can be incorporated into risk assessment in order to obtain a full view. Thus, the risk experienced before and / or after a natural disaster should be a common concern for natural and social disciplines alike, and should be treated through an interdisciplinary approach. In this study, the development of an integrated risk assessment method for earthquake risk assessment is investigated taking into account some interdisciplinarity issues between engineers and social scientists. The problems of communication and different interpretation of terminology between engineering disciplines and social scientists are analysed. The boundary of intersectiing areas between scientific methodologies followed in these disciplines are identified and compared. The advantages of handling natural disaster risk as a whole using an integrated approach, is explained through the example of a case study of vulnerability to the effects of earthquake from socio-economic and engineering perspectives.