Opening new therapeutic horizons: the revolutionary role of transcranial magnetic stimulation in modern medicine

Recent advances in neuropsychiatry have highlighted the potential of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as a non-invasive and innovative treatment for various mental disorders. This article delves into the therapeutic implications of rTMS in conditions like obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), treatment-resistant depression (TRD), and Alzheimer's disease, among others. The research underscores the efficacy of rTMS in improving symptoms across diverse stimulation protocols, particularly in cases resistant to traditional therapies. Studies indicate significant changes in brain function and symptomatology, reflecting the adaptability and complexity of rTMS's mechanism of action. The potential of rTMS in influencing neurophysiological markers, inducing changes in cortical excitability, and alleviating neurobiological symptoms in Alzheimer's disease is particularly promising. Additionally, the article discusses the personalization of treatment based on individual brain connectivity, especially in adolescents with depression. Overall, this comprehensive review emphasizes the need for ongoing research to optimize treatment protocols, understand the underlying mechanisms, and identify predictive markers of therapeutic response in the dynamic field of rTMS.