Învățământul economic mediu din Transilvania, cadru instituțional și evoluție (1850-1914)

The study analyzes the evolution of the institutional framework of vocational education in Transylvania during 1850-1914. It examines the legislation that has been developed over time and which has governed this type of education. Comparisons are also made with the evolution of the similar education system in Austria and the Kingdom of Hungary. It is also analyzed the context in which the first schools were founded. The analysis reveals that these schools appeared for practical reasons and their organization was made on the fly, both from an institutional point of view and in regard to the curricula, the basic principle being to satisfy the needs of knowledge in the technical and commercial fields, and to train the students with a minimum qualification, according to local requirements. Therefore, at the beginning, the state was not involved in any form of financial support, the latter being provided by private entities or communities. It was not until the end of the 19th century that the state became more obviously involved in terms of both legislative regulations and the financing of real and commercial schools. At the end, a series of quantitative data are presented that reveal the evolution of this type of education in terms of the number and type of schools, the rhythm in which they were founded, data on the number of students who attended them, the language of instruction, and a list of their type, place and year of establishment.