Kıraatlerin Sunumunda İfrâd ve Cem‘ Meselesi

It is known that seven mutawātir recitations (qirā'ah) or ten recitations date back to the time of the Prophet Muhammad, and that the Companions recited these different recitations by presenting them to the Prophet. Although the reading styles of the Companions seemed contradictory at first, these readings, which were seen as controversial after the approval of the Prophet, were accepted. It is observed that different recitations, which were read independently and without being combined, in the first period, were combined and started to be read collectively as of the fourth century of the hijra. Therefore, it is important to know which of these two styles is correct and to resolve the conflicts on the subject. It is seen that disagreements on this subject are related to the differences in the places where the recitations are read in general, and that scholars have adopted different opinions for this reason. It is understood that the recitation scholars living in different regions followed a method specific to their region in terms of ifrād (reciting one by one) and jam' (reciting collectively) and this method was famous in that region. In this respect, it is important to know in which regions and how the ifrād and jam' method is applied. The fact that the recitations are taught individually (one by one) or by the cem' method (collectively) and the scholars perform both methods shows that there is no problem in the application of these two styles. However, it brings to mind the idea that these two methods, which scholars have applied during the Qur'ān education phase, can also be applied in prayers, ceremonies and events, and in media. In this study, it is clarified in which environments the aforementioned methods can be applied and in which areas they are subject to certain limitations. At the same time, it is aimed to include the practices arising from regi-onal differences on the matter of ifrād and jam', to address the views of those who prefer to read the reci-tations individually and those who prefer to read the recitations collectively, and to resolve the conflicts on this matter. Performing the recitation individually is the most basic matter in the science of recitation. Because, companions learned the differences in recitation from the Prophet in this way and transferred them to the next generations. Early recitation scholars also adopted this method and followed this path in Qur'ān education. They did not consider it appropriate to finish each re