EL PANOPTISMO COMO MEDIO DE CONTROL EN LAS NOVELAS MADAME BOVARY DE GUSTAVE FLAUBERT Y LA REGENTA DE LEOPOLDO ALAS «CLARÍN

Starting from the postulates of Michel Foucault, presented in his studies Watch and punish (1975) and History of sexuality, 1. The will to know (1976), and the image of women in bourgeois society in the second half of the XIX century, the authors of the article in two representative novels of European Realism – Madame Bovary (1857) by Gustave Flaubert and La Regenta (1884–1885) by Leopoldo Alas «Clarín» – analyze the literary discourse of vigilance, panoptism, social discipline and the female (im)possibility of satisfying her impulses and desires, of achieving personal integrity and the desired freedom. The comparative analysis of the selected classic novels of the French and Spanish Realism enables the revelation of different ideological or intellectual perspectives of the novelists on the subject and the description of the process of the female symbolic struggle against oppression and for individual rights.