DÉVIANCE SOCIALE, DÉVIANCE LANGAGIÈRE : PAROLES DE JEUNES

Our objective in this paper is not to debate on the question “one or more standards?”. This is for us to show that what is qualified as deviance, vulgar or abnormal by some people, can be considered as an identity marker facilitating social integration by others. Young person speeches, often perceived as familiar, are not interpreted from the inside in the same way as they are from the outside. We carried out a corpus survey from different discussions of young Wolofs in various circumstances and we presented it randomly to people of different generations (young, adults and old) to analyze their reactions, therefore their attitudes and representations. From the theories of Labov on the determinism of social variables, of Gumperz on conversational analysis, combined with an ethnographic approach, we made a qualitative analysis of sociolinguistic deviance by developing two aspects in particular: a sociosemantic analysis of urban speeches which we put in relation with the construction of plurilingualism (i) and the perceptions on the youth languages (ii).