Implementation of a molecular system for traceability of beef based on microsatellite markers

Animal products traceability has acquired considerable importance as a security measure in EEC member countries since the food crisis of the mid-nineties. This has led to reinforcing the capacity to manage cattle product quality, with traceability emerging as the main tool to prevent risks to product security and quality as demanded by consumers in developed countries. The practical application of a traceability system for beef, based on molecular markers requires the election of a panel of microsatellites, as well as the optimization of methods of sampling and DNA analysis. In this work, a traceability system for beef based on a panel of 10 microsatellites markers was implemented. Different biological samples were evaluated, such as hair, blood, tissue and meat. Hair samples were the most suitable because they are easy to obtain and to manipulate, and have a low storage cost; whereas in the food processing chain, meat samples were the most suitable due to the facility of obtaining from the maturation room. The traceability system was evaluated in a meat processing plant, confirming traceability of 150 samples of hair with their respective meat counterparts with a 100% of certainty, demonstrating the reliability of the developed method. The implemented system is an important contribution since it allows for ensuring the quality of animal products, and can be used as a tool to certify conventional traceability systems. This would allow for increasing the competitiveness of this sector and generating greater confidence among consumers. La trazabilidad de productos de origen animal ha adquirido gran relevancia como un elemento de seguridad ante las crisis alimentarias ocurridas a partir de mediados de los noventa en países de la Comunidad Europea. Esto ha reforzado la gestión de calidad en productos pecuarios, surgiendo la trazabilidad como la principal herramienta para disminuir los riesgos de seguridad y calidad de los productos que demandan los consumidores de países desarrollados. La aplicación práctica de un sistema de trazabilidad de la carne bovina basado en marcadores moleculares, requiere la elección de microsatélites y optimizar los métodos de muestreo y análisis de ADN. En este trabajo se implementó un sistema de trazabilidad de carne bovina basado en un panel de 10 marcadores microsatélites. Se evaluaron diferentes muestras biológicas como pelo, sangre, tejido y carne de la canal, encontrándose que las muestras de pelo fueron las más idóneas por s