Dissipation Driven Coherent Dynamics Observed in Bose-Einstein Condensates
We report the first experimental observation of dissipation-driven coherent quantum many-body oscillation, and this oscillation is manifested as the coherent exchange of atoms between the thermal and the condensate components in a three-dimensional partially condensed Bose gas. Firstly, we observe t...
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Zusammenfassung: | We report the first experimental observation of dissipation-driven coherent
quantum many-body oscillation, and this oscillation is manifested as the
coherent exchange of atoms between the thermal and the condensate components in
a three-dimensional partially condensed Bose gas. Firstly, we observe that the
dissipation leads to two different atom loss rates between the thermal and the
condensate components, such that the thermal fraction increases as dissipation
time increases. Therefore, this dissipation process serves as a tool to
uniformly ramp up the system's temperature without introducing extra density
excitation. Subsequently, a coherent pair exchange of atoms between the thermal
and the condensate components occurs, resulting in coherent oscillation of atom
numbers in both components. This oscillation, permanently embedded in the atom
loss process, is revealed clearly when we inset a duration of dissipation-free
evolution into the entire dynamics, manifested as an oscillation of total atom
number at the end. Finally, we also present a theoretical calculation to
support this physical mechanism, which simultaneously includes dissipation,
interaction, finite temperature, and harmonic trap effects. Our work introduces
a highly controllable dissipation as a new tool to control quantum many-body
dynamics. |
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DOI: | 10.48550/arxiv.2408.03815 |