Critical behavior of Gauss-Bonnet black holes via an alternative phase space

Recently, it was argued that charged Anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes admit critical behavior, without extending phase space, similar to the Van der Waals fluid system in the \(Q^2-\Psi\) plans where \(\Psi=1/v\) (the conjugate of \(Q^2\)) is the inverse of the specific volume \cite{Dehy}. In this picture, the square of the charge of the black hole, \(Q^2\), is treated as a thermodynamic variable and the cosmological constant \(\Lambda\) is fixed. In this paper, we would like to examine whether this new approach toward critical behaviour of AdS black holes can work in other gravity such as Gauss-Bonnet (GB) gravity as well as in higher dimensional spacetime. We obtain the equation of state, \(Q^2=Q^2(\Psi, T)\), Gibbs free energy and the critical quantities of the system, and study the effects of the GB coupling \(\tilde{\alpha}\) on their behaviour. We find out that the critical quantities have reasonable values, provided the GB coupling constant, \(\tilde{\alpha}\), is taken small and the horizon topology is assumed to be \((d-2)\)-sphere. Finally, we calculate the critical exponents and show that they are independent of the model parameters and have the same values as the Van der Waals system which is predicted by the mean field theory.