A higher-order spatial FDTD scheme with CFS PML for 3D numerical simulation of wave propagation in cold plasma

A novel 3-D higher-order finite-difference time-domain framework with complex frequency-shifted perfectly matched layer for the modeling of wave propagation in cold plasma is presented. Second- and fourth-order spatial approximations are used to discretize Maxwell's curl equations and a uniaxial perfectly matched layer with the complex frequency-shifted equations is introduced to terminate the computational domain. A numerical dispersion study of second- and higher-order techniques is elaborated and their stability criteria are extracted for each scheme. Comparisons with analytical solutions verify the accuracy of the proposed methods and the low dispersion error of the higher-order schemes.