Generation of Nano-Catalyst Particles by Spinodal Nano-Decomposition in Perovskite

A new mechanism of nano-catalyst generation based on the spinodal nano-decomposition in self-regenerating perovskite catalysts for automotive-emissions control is proposed. To demonstrate existence of the spinodal nano-decomposition in real perovskite catalysts, we performed first-principles calculations to evaluate the free energy of La(Fe\(_{1-x}\)Pd\(_x\))O\(_3\) and La(Fe\(_{1-x}\)Rh\(_x\))O\(_3\). The result indicates appearance of a spinodal region in the phase diagram of each material. Formation of nano-catalyst particles in the perovskite host matrix is crucial for the self-regeneration of perovskite catalyst. Based on the spinodal nano-decomposition model, possible materials are designed for new three-way catalyst with no contents of precious metal.