Egyptian Hotels' and Travel Agencies' Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic between Retention and Layoffs

The focus of this research was to discover if there were any relationships and effects between the following dependent and independent variables: work environment (WE), managerial factors (MF), economic factors (EF), health factors (HF), and the workers' retention/layoff (R/L). The research selected the survey as the most suitable strategy to the adopted research philosophy (positivism), approach (deductive), design (quantitative), the nature of the research (explanatory), and the objectives of the study (testing relationships between variables). The study's target sample was calculated using G*Power software version 3 and included 540 employees from hotels and travel agencies in the cities of Hurghada, Safaga, and Marsa Alam (384 for hotels' emloyees and 156 for travel agencies' emloyees). The study found out that all work environment, managerial, economic, and health factors are lower than the standard level. It was therefore concluded that most hotels and travel agencies workers are not favorably compensated in terms of managerial, economic and health factors during COVID-19 pandemic. It was recommended that hotel and travel agency management should examine their current precautionary measures systems to determine that they meet international requirements and are comparable to those used by their rivals. Also, the research recommended that in order to ensure staff loyalty and retention, hotel and travel agency management must adopt workplace health, economic, and managerial policies during the COVID-19 pandemic.