Analysis of PAHs Associated with PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) from Different Districts in Nanjing

Nanjing has areas with different degrees of pollution and is therefore predestined for the analysis of particle phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (P-PAHs) in different functional areas and their correlation with the latter. The functional sites include a background area (BGA), an industrial area (IDA), a traffic area (TFA), a business area (BNA) and a residential area (RDA), where parameters such as PAH composition, content, carcinogenic and mutagenic potencies were analyzed. The results revealed increasing P-PAH contents (PM_(2.5), PM_(10)) in the following order: BGA (14.02 ng m^(-3), 38.45 ng m^(-3)) ＜ BNA (16.33 ng m^(-3), 44.13 ng m^(-3)) ＜ TFA (17.13 ng m^(-3), 48.31 ng m^(-3)) ＜ RDA (21.11 ng m^(-3), 61.03 ng m^(-3)) ＜ IDA (50.00 ng m^(-3), 93.08 ng m^(-3)). Thereby, the P-PAH content in the industrial area was significantly higher than in the other functional zones (P ＜ 0.01). Furthermore, the gas phase PAH concentrations were also estimated by the G/P partitioning model and the total PAH toxicity was assessed applying toxicity equivalent factors (ΣBaP_(TEF)) and mutagenicity equivalent factors (ΣBaPM_(EF)). Finally, the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) value of children and adolescents in Nanjing was higher than that of adults.