Estimating mean dynamic topography in the tropical Pacific Ocean from gravity and altimetry satellites

A new geoid model, combining the CHAMP satellite gravity data and an accurate altimetric mean sea surface, was used to investigate the 1993–1999 mean dynamic topography in the tropical Pacific Ocean. The mean dynamic topography, represented by a spherical harmonic expansion to degree 60 appear to be consistent with our knowledge of the tropical circulation, notably the South Equatorial Counter Current which is clearly visible in the western Pacific. This satellite solution, validated with in‐situ data, is independent from any climatology and has a resolution similar to other classical mean dynamic topographies. Altimetry combined with geodesy can thus provide an absolute sea level which will be useful for data assimilation and tropical oceanography.