Magnetic Field-Guided MoS2/WS2 Heterolayered Nanofilm Regulates Cell Behavior and Gene Expression

Using nanomaterials to manipulate the biological activities of cells has generated exciting prospects in materials science and cell biology research. However, the promotion and application of nanomaterials in these fields remain challenging due to issues such as low operability and the induction of adverse events by invasive nanoparticles. Here, we propose an approach to regulate cell behavior by combining a noninvasive n–n heterostructure MW (MoS2/WS2) nanofilm with an external magnetic field. Cells seeded on these heterogeneous nanofilms exhibit a stretching phenotype with many more antennas and quicker migration (>1.9 times) than those seeded on homogeneous nanofilms. A magnetic field reverses the cell behavior (e.g., growth, adhesion, migration, and morphology) on heterogeneous nanofilms. Proteins related to cell adhesion and migration contribute to the above reversal. These findings boost the development of cell culture in biomedical research and therapeutic applications, especially in minimally invasive or nondamaging tissue engineering.