Artificial Intelligence and Credit Risk The Use of Alternative Data and Methods in Internal Credit Rating
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Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Cham
Springer International Publishing AG
2022
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Ausgabe: | 1st ed |
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Online-Zugang: | DE-2070s |
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Inhaltsangabe:
- Intro
- About This Book
- Executive Summary (English)
- Contents
- About the Authors
- List of Figures
- List of Tables
- 1 Introduction
- 2 How AI Models Are Built
- 2.1 Processing of Unstructured Data in AI Models
- 2.1.1 The Main Structuring Techniques for "Unstructured" Data Are Text Analysis and Natural Language Processing
- 2.1.2 What Does "Alternative Credit Data" Mean?
- 2.2 Stand-Alone AI Models
- 2.2.1 Decision Trees
- 2.2.2 Random Forests
- 2.2.3 Gradient Boosting
- 2.2.4 Neural Networks
- 2.2.5 Autoencoder, a Special Type of Neural Network
- References
- 3 AI Tools in Credit Risk
- 3.1 Use of Alternative Techniques and Data in Probability of Default Models
- 3.1.1 The Type of Data Analysed and How They Are Managed
- 3.1.2 The Interpretability of Results: An Important Factor
- 3.1.3 A Practical Case: Risk Discrimination for Borrowers with Seasonal Businesses
- 3.1.4 A Practical Case: Identification of Counterparty Risk During the COVID-19 Crisis
- 3.1.5 A Practical Case: Early Warnings
- 3.1.6 A Practical Case: Advanced Analytics in Loan Approval
- 3.2 How to Improve Traditional Models Using AI Techniques
- 3.2.1 A Practical Application: The Two-Step Approach
- 3.2.2 The Estimation Methodology Adopted
- 3.3 Applying an AI Model to Asset Management
- 3.4 Use of AI Models for the Validation/Benchmarking of Traditional Models
- 3.4.1 ML Techniques for Benchmarking Capital Requirements Models
- 3.4.2 Initial Applications for Management Purposes
- References
- 4 The Validation of AI Techniques
- 4.1 Possible Comparison Criteria Between Traditional Models and AI Models
- 4.1.1 Principle 1: Accuracy
- 4.1.2 Principle 2: Robustness
- 4.1.3 Principle 3: Fairness
- 4.1.4 Principle 4: Efficiency
- 4.1.5 Principle 5: Explainability
- 4.2 Interpretability and Stability of the Models' Outcomes
- 4.2.1 Main Legislation
- 4.2.2 Interpretability Methodological Notes
- 4.2.3 Key Methodologies
- 4.2.4 Focus Points
- 4.2.5 Stability Methodological Notes
- References
- 5 Possible Evolutions in AI Models
- 5.1 The Role of AI Models in the Credit Risk of Tomorrow
- 5.2 Ethics and Transparency of Results
- 5.2.1 Privacy
- 5.2.2 Transparency
- 5.2.3 Discrimination
- 5.2.4 Inclusion
- References
- Appendix
- Glossary
- Bibliography
- Index