The Barnard objects then and now

The Barnard Objects have fascinated professional and amateur astronomers for over one hundred years. Many of those objects first imaged by E.E. Barnard on black-and-white photographic plates are now being captured daily in thousands of color astrophotographs. This book tells of Barnards story; descr...

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1. Verfasser: Hunter, Tim B. (VerfasserIn)
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Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: Cham Springer [2023]
Schriftenreihe:The Patrick Moore practical astronomy series
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245 1 0 |a The Barnard objects  |b then and now  |c Tim B. Hunter, Gerald O. Dobek, James E. McGaha 
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505 8 |a Intro -- Foreword -- On Mount Wilson with the Bruce -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- About the Authors -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- References -- Chapter 2: Nebulae: An Overview -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Diffuse Nebulae -- 2.1 Emission and Reflection Nebulae -- 2.2 Dark Nebulae -- 3 Planetary Nebulae -- 4 Supernova Remnants -- References -- Chapter 3: Astronomical Catalogs: An Overview -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Star Names and Star Catalogues -- 2.1 Bonner Durchmusterung (B.D. or BD) -- 2.2 Cordoba Durchmusterung (CD) -- 2.3 Cape Photographic Durchmusterung (CPD) 
505 8 |a 2.4 Modern Stellar Catalogs -- 2.5 Star Names Today -- 3 General Non-stellar Catalogs -- 3.1 Messier Objects -- 3.2 New General Catalogue (NGC) and Index Catalogues (IC) -- 4 The National Geographic Palomar Sky Survey (POSS, POSS I) -- Southern Sky Survey -- ESO Surveys -- 5 Galaxy Catalogs -- 5.1 Shapley-Ames Catalog (SA) -- 5.2 LEDA -- Catalogue of Principal Galaxies (PGC) -- 5.3 UGC-Uppsala General Catalog of Galaxies -- 5.4 Catalogue of Galaxies and of Clusters of Galaxies (CGCG) -- 5.5 Morphological Catalogue of Galaxies (MCG) -- VV Galaxies 
505 8 |a 5.6 Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies (Arp Galaxies) -- 5.7 Abell Catalogue -- 6 Star Cluster Catalogs -- 6.1 A Catalogue of Star Clusters Shown on Franklin-Adams Chart Plates -Melotte Catalogue (Mel) -- 6.2 Collinder Catalogue (Cr) -- 6.3 Lund Catalogue of Open Cluster Data (Lund) -- 6.4 Globular-Cluster Catalog (Arp) and Others -- 7 Planetary Nebulae Catalogs -- 7.1 Catalogue of Galactic Planetary Nebulae (PK) -- 7.2 Catalog of Planetary Nebulae (Abell) -- 7.3 PLNEBULAE - Galactic Planetary Nebulae Catalog (PN or PNG) -- 8 Emission, Dark, and Reflection Nebulae Catalogs 
505 8 |a 8.1 Catalog of Bright Diffuse Galactic Nebulae (Ced) -- 8.2 Minkowski Emission Nebulae (Mi or M1) -- 8.3 Sharpless Catalogue of HII Regions (SH2 or Sh2) -- 8.4 Gum Nebulae -- RCW Catalog -- 8.5 Van den Berg Catalog of Reflection Nebulae (vdB) -- 8.6 Atlas of Galactic Nebulae (GN) -- 9 Conclusions -- References and General Bibliography -- Chapter 4: Barnard and His Photography -- 1 Barnard the Photographer -- 2 Visual Observing Versus Photography -- 3 Astrophotography - Plates, Prints, Darkroom Techniques, Emulsions -- 4 Barnard's Astrophotography - Comets and the Milky Way 
505 8 |a 5 Barnard and Dark Nebulae -- 6 Barnard's Star -- 7 Honors and Awards -- 8 Astronomical Glass Plate Collections -- References and General Bibliography -- Chapter 5: Visual Observation of the Barnard Objects -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Sky Darkness and the Contrast Illusion -- 1.2 Opacity -- 1.3 Observing Barnard Objects -- 2 Barnard's Observations of Dark Nebulae -- 2.1 The Great Rift of the Milky Way -- 3 Other Observations of Dark Nebulae -- 4 Astronomical League Dark Nebula Observing Program -- 4.1 Naked Eye Objects -- 4.2 Binocular and Telescopic Objects 
520 3 |a The Barnard Objects have fascinated professional and amateur astronomers for over one hundred years. Many of those objects first imaged by E.E. Barnard on black-and-white photographic plates are now being captured daily in thousands of color astrophotographs. This book tells of Barnards story; describing his life and work as well as how the fields of astronomy and astrophotography have transformed ever since. The chapters in this book are equal parts history and science. It will provide readers with an introduction to nebula science and the incredible discoveries made in this field over the decades; including an overview of popular astronomical catalogues and a detailed look at how astronomical imaging has advanced since Barnards time, from early plates to digital imaging and chips. In addition, the book features a comprehensive guide to viewing and imaging these objects yourself. A glossary of astronomical and photographic terms is provided, along with detailed references. And, an updated table displaying the locations of these Barnard Objects; including the missing twenty-five objects from E.E. Barnards original catalogue. Richly researched and illustrated, this fascinating reference will attract astronomers of all skill levels interested in astrophotography and how it has changed over the past hundred years 
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adam_text CONTENTS 1 2 3 INTRODUCTION ................................................ I REFERENCES .................................................. 21 NEBULAE: AN OVERVIEW ........................................ 23 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................. 23 2 DIFFUSE NEBULAE .......................................... 24 2.1 EMISSION AND REFLECTION NEBULAE ....................... 24 2.2 DARK NEBULAE ....................................... 30 3 PLANETARY NEBULAE ......................................... 32 4 SUPERNOVA REMNANTS ...................................... 36 REFERENCES .................................................. 40 ASTRONOMICAL CATALOGS: AN OVERVIEW ........................... 41 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................. 41 2 STAR NAMES AND STAR CATALOGUES ............................. 43 2.1 BONNER DURCHMUSTERUNG (B. D. OR BD) ................... 45 2.2 CORDOBA DURCHMUSTERUNG (CD) ......................... 45 2.3 CAPE PHOTOGRAPHIC DURCHMUSTERUNG (CPD) ............... 45 2.4 MODERN STELLAR CATALOGS .............................. 47 2.5 STAR NAMES TODAY ................................... 49 3 GENERAL NON-STELLAR CATALOGS ................................ 49 3.1 MESSIER OBJECTS ..................................... 49 3.2 NEW GENERAL CATALOGUE (NGC) AND INDEX CATALOGUES (IC) ... 50 4 THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC PALOMAR SKY SURVEY (POSS, POSS I); SOUTHERN SKY SURVEY; ESO SURVEYS ........................... 51 XXXV $ B1IOTHEK DEUTSCHES MUSEUM HLUENCHE A XXXVI CONTENTS 5 GALAXY CATALOGS .......................................... 53 5.1 SHAPLEY-AMES CATALOG (SA) ........................... 53 5.2 LEDA; CATALOGUE OF PRINCIPAL GALAXIES (PGC) ............ 54 5.3 UGC-UPPSALA GENERAL CATALOG OF GALAXIES ............... 54 5.4 CATALOGUE OF GALAXIES AND OF CLUSTERS OF GALAXIES (CGCG) ........................................... 54 5.5 MORPHOLOGICAL CATALOGUE OF GALAXIES (MCG); VV GALAXIES ........................................... 56 5.6 ATLAS OF PECULIAR GALAXIES (ARP GALAXIES) ................. 56 5.7 ABELL CATALOGUE ..................................... 57 6 STAR CLUSTER CATALOGS ...................................... 57 6.1 A CATALOGUE OF STAR CLUSTERS SHOWN ON FRANKLIN-ADAMS CHART PLATES -MELOTTE CATALOGUE (MEL) ................... 58 6.2 COLLINDER CATALOGUE (CR) .............................. 59 6.3 LUND CATALOGUE OF OPEN CLUSTER DATA (LUND) .............. 59 6.4 GLOBULAR-CLUSTER CATALOG (ARP) AND OTHERS ................ 59 7 PLANETARY NEBULAE CATALOGS ................................. 60 7.1 CATALOGUE OF GALACTIC PLANETARY NEBULAE (PK) ............. 60 7.2 CATALOG OF PLANETARY NEBULAE (ABELL) .................... 61 7.3 PLNEBULAE - GALACTIC PLANETARY NEBULAE CATALOG (PN ORPNG) ....................................... 61 8 EMISSION, DARK, AND REFLECTION NEBULAE CATALOGS ................ 61 8.1 CATALOG OF BRIGHT DIFFUSE GALACTIC NEBULAE (CED) .......... 62 8.2 MINKOWSKI EMISSION NEBULAE (MI OR M1) ................ 62 8.3 SHARPLESS CATALOGUE OF HII REGIONS (SH2 OR SH2) .......... 63 8.4 GUM NEBULAE; RCW CATALOG ........................... 63 8.5 VAN DEN BERG CATALOG OF REFLECTION NEBULAE (VDB) ......... 64 8.6 ATLAS OF GALACTIC NEBULAE (GN) ......................... 65 9 CONCLUSIONS ............................................. 65 REFERENCES AND GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................. 73 4 BARNARD AND HIS PHOTOGRAPHY ................................. 77 1 BARNARD THE PHOTOGRAPHER ................................... 77 2 VISUAL OBSERVING VERSUS PHOTOGRAPHY ......................... 78 3 ASTROPHOTOGRAPHY - PLATES, PRINTS, DARKROOM TECHNIQUES, EMULSIONS ............................................... 78 4 BARNARD S ASTROPHOTOGRAPHY - COMETS AND THE MILKY WAY......... 83 5 BARNARD AND DARK NEBULAE .................................. 89 6 BARNARD S STAR ............................................ 94 7 HONORS AND AWARDS ........................................ 94 8 ASTRONOMICAL GLASS PLATE COLLECTIONS ......................... 95 REFERENCES AND GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................. 98 CONTENTS S 6 7 8 9 VISUAL OBSERVATION OF THE BARNARD OBJECTS ...................... 101 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................. 101 1.1 SKY DARKNESS AND THE CONTRAST ILLUSION ................... 104 1.2 OPACITY ............................................ 105 1.3 OBSERVING BARNARD OBJECTS ............................ 106 2 BARNARD S OBSERVATIONS OF DARK NEBULAE ....................... 110 2.1 THE GREAT RIFT OF THE MILKY WAY ........................ 115 3 OTHER OBSERVATIONS OF DARK NEBULAE .......................... 117 4 ASTRONOMICAL LEAGUE DARK NEBULA OBSERVING PROGRAM ........... 121 4.1 NAKED EYE OBJECTS ................................... 121 4.2 BINOCULAR AND TELESCOPIC OBJECTS ....................... 122 5 HOW TO BEST OBSERVE DARK NEBULAE-TECHNIQUES AND EQUIPMENT .... 123 REFERENCES .................................................. 127 MODERN IMAGING OF THE BARNARD OBJECTS ........................ 129 1 FILM ASTROPHOTOGRAPHY ..................................... 129 1.1 BARNARD THE MASTER ASTROPHOTOGRAPHER ................... 129 1.2 RECIPROCITY FAILURE ................................... 134 2 DIGITAL IMAGING .......................................... 135 2.1 FILM SPEED; BAYER ARRAY; DIGITAL ISO .................... 137 2.2 NOISE ............................................. 140 3 MODERN COLOR IMAGING OF THE BARNARD OBJECTS .................. 142 3.1 COLOR PHOTOGRAPHY ................................... 142 3.2 UBV AND OTHER PHOTOMETRIC SYSTEMS .................... 147 3.3 IMAGING THE BARNARD OBJECTS AT THE GRASSLANDS OBSERVATORY ........................................ 149 REFERENCES AND GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................. 157 SELECTED BARNARD OBJECTS ..................................... 159 REFERENCES .................................................. 189 THE MISSING BARNARD OBJECTS .................................. 191 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................. 191 2 THE MISSING BARNARD OBJECTS ................................ 194 3 CONCLUSIONS ............................................. 231 REFERENCES .................................................. 232 THE BARNARD OBJECTS NOW .................................... 233 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................. 233 2 INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM (ISM) .................................. 234 2.1 DUST CLOUDS (MOLECULAR CLOUDS) ........................ 236 3 CATALOGS OF DARK NEBULAE; LYNDS CATALOGUES (LDN AND LBN); SANDQVIST AND LINDROOS CATALOGUES (SL, SA); BERNES CATALOGUE (BE) ........................................... 237 4 GOULD S BELT; RADCLIFFE WAVE; LOCAL BUBBLE .................... 242 4.1 HANDBOOK OF STAR FORMING REGIONS ..................... 244 GOO CONTENTS 5 STRUCTURE OF THE MILKY WAY; GREAT STAR CLOUDS .................. 248 5.1 GREAT STAR CLOUDS .................................... 249 5.2 THETA OPHIUCHI (0 OPHIUCHI) ........................... 253 5.3 TAURUS DARK CLOUD ................................... 256 5.4 PERSEUS DARK CLOUD .................................. 258 5.5 LUPUS DARK CLOUD ................................... 259 6 BOK GLOBULES ............................................ 259 7 BARNARD OBJECTS LISTED BUT NOT SHOWN IN A PHOTOGRAPHIC ATLAS OF SELECTED REGIONS OF THE MILKY WAY (1927) ............... 262 8 THE BARNARD OBJECTS TODAY ................................. 270 REFERENCES AND GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................. 282 TABLE OF BARNARD OBJECTS ......................................... 287 GLOSSARY ....................................................... 297 REFERENCES ...................................................... 325 INDEX .......................................................... 331
adam_txt CONTENTS 1 2 3 INTRODUCTION . I REFERENCES . 21 NEBULAE: AN OVERVIEW . 23 1 INTRODUCTION . 23 2 DIFFUSE NEBULAE . 24 2.1 EMISSION AND REFLECTION NEBULAE . 24 2.2 DARK NEBULAE . 30 3 PLANETARY NEBULAE . 32 4 SUPERNOVA REMNANTS . 36 REFERENCES . 40 ASTRONOMICAL CATALOGS: AN OVERVIEW . 41 1 INTRODUCTION . 41 2 STAR NAMES AND STAR CATALOGUES . 43 2.1 BONNER DURCHMUSTERUNG (B. D. OR BD) . 45 2.2 CORDOBA DURCHMUSTERUNG (CD) . 45 2.3 CAPE PHOTOGRAPHIC DURCHMUSTERUNG (CPD) . 45 2.4 MODERN STELLAR CATALOGS . 47 2.5 STAR NAMES TODAY . 49 3 GENERAL NON-STELLAR CATALOGS . 49 3.1 MESSIER OBJECTS . 49 3.2 NEW GENERAL CATALOGUE (NGC) AND INDEX CATALOGUES (IC) . 50 4 THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC PALOMAR SKY SURVEY (POSS, POSS I); SOUTHERN SKY SURVEY; ESO SURVEYS . 51 XXXV $ B1IOTHEK DEUTSCHES MUSEUM HLUENCHE'A XXXVI CONTENTS 5 GALAXY CATALOGS . 53 5.1 SHAPLEY-AMES CATALOG (SA) . 53 5.2 LEDA; CATALOGUE OF PRINCIPAL GALAXIES (PGC) . 54 5.3 UGC-UPPSALA GENERAL CATALOG OF GALAXIES . 54 5.4 CATALOGUE OF GALAXIES AND OF CLUSTERS OF GALAXIES (CGCG) . 54 5.5 MORPHOLOGICAL CATALOGUE OF GALAXIES (MCG); VV GALAXIES . 56 5.6 ATLAS OF PECULIAR GALAXIES (ARP GALAXIES) . 56 5.7 ABELL CATALOGUE . 57 6 STAR CLUSTER CATALOGS . 57 6.1 A CATALOGUE OF STAR CLUSTERS SHOWN ON FRANKLIN-ADAMS CHART PLATES -MELOTTE CATALOGUE (MEL) . 58 6.2 COLLINDER CATALOGUE (CR) . 59 6.3 LUND CATALOGUE OF OPEN CLUSTER DATA (LUND) . 59 6.4 GLOBULAR-CLUSTER CATALOG (ARP) AND OTHERS . 59 7 PLANETARY NEBULAE CATALOGS . 60 7.1 CATALOGUE OF GALACTIC PLANETARY NEBULAE (PK) . 60 7.2 CATALOG OF PLANETARY NEBULAE (ABELL) . 61 7.3 PLNEBULAE - GALACTIC PLANETARY NEBULAE CATALOG (PN ORPNG) . 61 8 EMISSION, DARK, AND REFLECTION NEBULAE CATALOGS . 61 8.1 CATALOG OF BRIGHT DIFFUSE GALACTIC NEBULAE (CED) . 62 8.2 MINKOWSKI EMISSION NEBULAE (MI OR M1) . 62 8.3 SHARPLESS CATALOGUE OF HII REGIONS (SH2 OR SH2) . 63 8.4 GUM NEBULAE; RCW CATALOG . 63 8.5 VAN DEN BERG CATALOG OF REFLECTION NEBULAE (VDB) . 64 8.6 ATLAS OF GALACTIC NEBULAE (GN) . 65 9 CONCLUSIONS . 65 REFERENCES AND GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY . 73 4 BARNARD AND HIS PHOTOGRAPHY . 77 1 BARNARD THE PHOTOGRAPHER . 77 2 VISUAL OBSERVING VERSUS PHOTOGRAPHY . 78 3 ASTROPHOTOGRAPHY - PLATES, PRINTS, DARKROOM TECHNIQUES, EMULSIONS . 78 4 BARNARD'S ASTROPHOTOGRAPHY - COMETS AND THE MILKY WAY. 83 5 BARNARD AND DARK NEBULAE . 89 6 BARNARD'S STAR . 94 7 HONORS AND AWARDS . 94 8 ASTRONOMICAL GLASS PLATE COLLECTIONS . 95 REFERENCES AND GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY . 98 CONTENTS S 6 7 8 9 VISUAL OBSERVATION OF THE BARNARD OBJECTS . 101 1 INTRODUCTION . 101 1.1 SKY DARKNESS AND THE CONTRAST ILLUSION . 104 1.2 OPACITY . 105 1.3 OBSERVING BARNARD OBJECTS . 106 2 BARNARD'S OBSERVATIONS OF DARK NEBULAE . 110 2.1 THE GREAT RIFT OF THE MILKY WAY . 115 3 OTHER OBSERVATIONS OF DARK NEBULAE . 117 4 ASTRONOMICAL LEAGUE DARK NEBULA OBSERVING PROGRAM . 121 4.1 NAKED EYE OBJECTS . 121 4.2 BINOCULAR AND TELESCOPIC OBJECTS . 122 5 HOW TO BEST OBSERVE DARK NEBULAE-TECHNIQUES AND EQUIPMENT . 123 REFERENCES . 127 MODERN IMAGING OF THE BARNARD OBJECTS . 129 1 FILM ASTROPHOTOGRAPHY . 129 1.1 BARNARD THE MASTER ASTROPHOTOGRAPHER . 129 1.2 RECIPROCITY FAILURE . 134 2 DIGITAL IMAGING . 135 2.1 FILM SPEED; BAYER ARRAY; DIGITAL ISO . 137 2.2 NOISE . 140 3 MODERN COLOR IMAGING OF THE BARNARD OBJECTS . 142 3.1 COLOR PHOTOGRAPHY . 142 3.2 UBV AND OTHER PHOTOMETRIC SYSTEMS . 147 3.3 IMAGING THE BARNARD OBJECTS AT THE GRASSLANDS OBSERVATORY . 149 REFERENCES AND GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY . 157 SELECTED BARNARD OBJECTS . 159 REFERENCES . 189 THE MISSING BARNARD OBJECTS . 191 1 INTRODUCTION . 191 2 THE MISSING BARNARD OBJECTS . 194 3 CONCLUSIONS . 231 REFERENCES . 232 THE BARNARD OBJECTS NOW . 233 1 INTRODUCTION . 233 2 INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM (ISM) . 234 2.1 DUST CLOUDS (MOLECULAR CLOUDS) . 236 3 CATALOGS OF DARK NEBULAE; LYNDS CATALOGUES (LDN AND LBN); SANDQVIST AND LINDROOS CATALOGUES (SL, SA); BERNES CATALOGUE (BE) . 237 4 GOULD'S BELT; RADCLIFFE WAVE; LOCAL BUBBLE . 242 4.1 HANDBOOK OF STAR FORMING REGIONS . 244 GOO CONTENTS 5 STRUCTURE OF THE MILKY WAY; GREAT STAR CLOUDS . 248 5.1 GREAT STAR CLOUDS . 249 5.2 THETA OPHIUCHI (0 OPHIUCHI) . 253 5.3 TAURUS DARK CLOUD . 256 5.4 PERSEUS DARK CLOUD . 258 5.5 LUPUS DARK CLOUD . 259 6 BOK GLOBULES . 259 7 BARNARD OBJECTS LISTED BUT NOT SHOWN IN A PHOTOGRAPHIC ATLAS OF SELECTED REGIONS OF THE MILKY WAY (1927) . 262 8 THE BARNARD OBJECTS TODAY . 270 REFERENCES AND GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY . 282 TABLE OF BARNARD OBJECTS . 287 GLOSSARY . 297 REFERENCES . 325 INDEX . 331
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contents Intro -- Foreword -- On Mount Wilson with the Bruce -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- About the Authors -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- References -- Chapter 2: Nebulae: An Overview -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Diffuse Nebulae -- 2.1 Emission and Reflection Nebulae -- 2.2 Dark Nebulae -- 3 Planetary Nebulae -- 4 Supernova Remnants -- References -- Chapter 3: Astronomical Catalogs: An Overview -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Star Names and Star Catalogues -- 2.1 Bonner Durchmusterung (B.D. or BD) -- 2.2 Cordoba Durchmusterung (CD) -- 2.3 Cape Photographic Durchmusterung (CPD)
2.4 Modern Stellar Catalogs -- 2.5 Star Names Today -- 3 General Non-stellar Catalogs -- 3.1 Messier Objects -- 3.2 New General Catalogue (NGC) and Index Catalogues (IC) -- 4 The National Geographic Palomar Sky Survey (POSS, POSS I) -- Southern Sky Survey -- ESO Surveys -- 5 Galaxy Catalogs -- 5.1 Shapley-Ames Catalog (SA) -- 5.2 LEDA -- Catalogue of Principal Galaxies (PGC) -- 5.3 UGC-Uppsala General Catalog of Galaxies -- 5.4 Catalogue of Galaxies and of Clusters of Galaxies (CGCG) -- 5.5 Morphological Catalogue of Galaxies (MCG) -- VV Galaxies
5.6 Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies (Arp Galaxies) -- 5.7 Abell Catalogue -- 6 Star Cluster Catalogs -- 6.1 A Catalogue of Star Clusters Shown on Franklin-Adams Chart Plates -Melotte Catalogue (Mel) -- 6.2 Collinder Catalogue (Cr) -- 6.3 Lund Catalogue of Open Cluster Data (Lund) -- 6.4 Globular-Cluster Catalog (Arp) and Others -- 7 Planetary Nebulae Catalogs -- 7.1 Catalogue of Galactic Planetary Nebulae (PK) -- 7.2 Catalog of Planetary Nebulae (Abell) -- 7.3 PLNEBULAE - Galactic Planetary Nebulae Catalog (PN or PNG) -- 8 Emission, Dark, and Reflection Nebulae Catalogs
8.1 Catalog of Bright Diffuse Galactic Nebulae (Ced) -- 8.2 Minkowski Emission Nebulae (Mi or M1) -- 8.3 Sharpless Catalogue of HII Regions (SH2 or Sh2) -- 8.4 Gum Nebulae -- RCW Catalog -- 8.5 Van den Berg Catalog of Reflection Nebulae (vdB) -- 8.6 Atlas of Galactic Nebulae (GN) -- 9 Conclusions -- References and General Bibliography -- Chapter 4: Barnard and His Photography -- 1 Barnard the Photographer -- 2 Visual Observing Versus Photography -- 3 Astrophotography - Plates, Prints, Darkroom Techniques, Emulsions -- 4 Barnard's Astrophotography - Comets and the Milky Way
5 Barnard and Dark Nebulae -- 6 Barnard's Star -- 7 Honors and Awards -- 8 Astronomical Glass Plate Collections -- References and General Bibliography -- Chapter 5: Visual Observation of the Barnard Objects -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Sky Darkness and the Contrast Illusion -- 1.2 Opacity -- 1.3 Observing Barnard Objects -- 2 Barnard's Observations of Dark Nebulae -- 2.1 The Great Rift of the Milky Way -- 3 Other Observations of Dark Nebulae -- 4 Astronomical League Dark Nebula Observing Program -- 4.1 Naked Eye Objects -- 4.2 Binocular and Telescopic Objects
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McGaha</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Cham</subfield><subfield code="b">Springer</subfield><subfield code="c">[2023]</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="c">©2023</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">xl, 343 Seiten</subfield><subfield code="b">Illustrationen, Diagramme</subfield><subfield code="c">24 cm</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="490" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">The Patrick Moore practical astronomy series</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Intro -- Foreword -- On Mount Wilson with the Bruce -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- About the Authors -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- References -- Chapter 2: Nebulae: An Overview -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Diffuse Nebulae -- 2.1 Emission and Reflection Nebulae -- 2.2 Dark Nebulae -- 3 Planetary Nebulae -- 4 Supernova Remnants -- References -- Chapter 3: Astronomical Catalogs: An Overview -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Star Names and Star Catalogues -- 2.1 Bonner Durchmusterung (B.D. or BD) -- 2.2 Cordoba Durchmusterung (CD) -- 2.3 Cape Photographic Durchmusterung (CPD)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">2.4 Modern Stellar Catalogs -- 2.5 Star Names Today -- 3 General Non-stellar Catalogs -- 3.1 Messier Objects -- 3.2 New General Catalogue (NGC) and Index Catalogues (IC) -- 4 The National Geographic Palomar Sky Survey (POSS, POSS I) -- Southern Sky Survey -- ESO Surveys -- 5 Galaxy Catalogs -- 5.1 Shapley-Ames Catalog (SA) -- 5.2 LEDA -- Catalogue of Principal Galaxies (PGC) -- 5.3 UGC-Uppsala General Catalog of Galaxies -- 5.4 Catalogue of Galaxies and of Clusters of Galaxies (CGCG) -- 5.5 Morphological Catalogue of Galaxies (MCG) -- VV Galaxies</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">5.6 Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies (Arp Galaxies) -- 5.7 Abell Catalogue -- 6 Star Cluster Catalogs -- 6.1 A Catalogue of Star Clusters Shown on Franklin-Adams Chart Plates -Melotte Catalogue (Mel) -- 6.2 Collinder Catalogue (Cr) -- 6.3 Lund Catalogue of Open Cluster Data (Lund) -- 6.4 Globular-Cluster Catalog (Arp) and Others -- 7 Planetary Nebulae Catalogs -- 7.1 Catalogue of Galactic Planetary Nebulae (PK) -- 7.2 Catalog of Planetary Nebulae (Abell) -- 7.3 PLNEBULAE - Galactic Planetary Nebulae Catalog (PN or PNG) -- 8 Emission, Dark, and Reflection Nebulae Catalogs</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">8.1 Catalog of Bright Diffuse Galactic Nebulae (Ced) -- 8.2 Minkowski Emission Nebulae (Mi or M1) -- 8.3 Sharpless Catalogue of HII Regions (SH2 or Sh2) -- 8.4 Gum Nebulae -- RCW Catalog -- 8.5 Van den Berg Catalog of Reflection Nebulae (vdB) -- 8.6 Atlas of Galactic Nebulae (GN) -- 9 Conclusions -- References and General Bibliography -- Chapter 4: Barnard and His Photography -- 1 Barnard the Photographer -- 2 Visual Observing Versus Photography -- 3 Astrophotography - Plates, Prints, Darkroom Techniques, Emulsions -- 4 Barnard's Astrophotography - Comets and the Milky Way</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">5 Barnard and Dark Nebulae -- 6 Barnard's Star -- 7 Honors and Awards -- 8 Astronomical Glass Plate Collections -- References and General Bibliography -- Chapter 5: Visual Observation of the Barnard Objects -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Sky Darkness and the Contrast Illusion -- 1.2 Opacity -- 1.3 Observing Barnard Objects -- 2 Barnard's Observations of Dark Nebulae -- 2.1 The Great Rift of the Milky Way -- 3 Other Observations of Dark Nebulae -- 4 Astronomical League Dark Nebula Observing Program -- 4.1 Naked Eye Objects -- 4.2 Binocular and Telescopic Objects</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1="3" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">The Barnard Objects have fascinated professional and amateur astronomers for over one hundred years. 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illustrated Illustrated
index_date 2024-07-03T22:51:07Z
indexdate 2024-07-10T10:02:26Z
institution BVB
isbn 9783031314841
3031314840
language English
oai_aleph_id oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-034615943
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owner_facet DE-210
physical xl, 343 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme 24 cm
publishDate 2023
publishDateSearch 2023
publishDateSort 2023
publisher Springer
record_format marc
series2 The Patrick Moore practical astronomy series
spelling Hunter, Tim B. Verfasser aut
The Barnard objects then and now Tim B. Hunter, Gerald O. Dobek, James E. McGaha
Cham Springer [2023]
©2023
xl, 343 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme 24 cm
txt rdacontent
n rdamedia
nc rdacarrier
The Patrick Moore practical astronomy series
Intro -- Foreword -- On Mount Wilson with the Bruce -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- About the Authors -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- References -- Chapter 2: Nebulae: An Overview -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Diffuse Nebulae -- 2.1 Emission and Reflection Nebulae -- 2.2 Dark Nebulae -- 3 Planetary Nebulae -- 4 Supernova Remnants -- References -- Chapter 3: Astronomical Catalogs: An Overview -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Star Names and Star Catalogues -- 2.1 Bonner Durchmusterung (B.D. or BD) -- 2.2 Cordoba Durchmusterung (CD) -- 2.3 Cape Photographic Durchmusterung (CPD)
2.4 Modern Stellar Catalogs -- 2.5 Star Names Today -- 3 General Non-stellar Catalogs -- 3.1 Messier Objects -- 3.2 New General Catalogue (NGC) and Index Catalogues (IC) -- 4 The National Geographic Palomar Sky Survey (POSS, POSS I) -- Southern Sky Survey -- ESO Surveys -- 5 Galaxy Catalogs -- 5.1 Shapley-Ames Catalog (SA) -- 5.2 LEDA -- Catalogue of Principal Galaxies (PGC) -- 5.3 UGC-Uppsala General Catalog of Galaxies -- 5.4 Catalogue of Galaxies and of Clusters of Galaxies (CGCG) -- 5.5 Morphological Catalogue of Galaxies (MCG) -- VV Galaxies
5.6 Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies (Arp Galaxies) -- 5.7 Abell Catalogue -- 6 Star Cluster Catalogs -- 6.1 A Catalogue of Star Clusters Shown on Franklin-Adams Chart Plates -Melotte Catalogue (Mel) -- 6.2 Collinder Catalogue (Cr) -- 6.3 Lund Catalogue of Open Cluster Data (Lund) -- 6.4 Globular-Cluster Catalog (Arp) and Others -- 7 Planetary Nebulae Catalogs -- 7.1 Catalogue of Galactic Planetary Nebulae (PK) -- 7.2 Catalog of Planetary Nebulae (Abell) -- 7.3 PLNEBULAE - Galactic Planetary Nebulae Catalog (PN or PNG) -- 8 Emission, Dark, and Reflection Nebulae Catalogs
8.1 Catalog of Bright Diffuse Galactic Nebulae (Ced) -- 8.2 Minkowski Emission Nebulae (Mi or M1) -- 8.3 Sharpless Catalogue of HII Regions (SH2 or Sh2) -- 8.4 Gum Nebulae -- RCW Catalog -- 8.5 Van den Berg Catalog of Reflection Nebulae (vdB) -- 8.6 Atlas of Galactic Nebulae (GN) -- 9 Conclusions -- References and General Bibliography -- Chapter 4: Barnard and His Photography -- 1 Barnard the Photographer -- 2 Visual Observing Versus Photography -- 3 Astrophotography - Plates, Prints, Darkroom Techniques, Emulsions -- 4 Barnard's Astrophotography - Comets and the Milky Way
5 Barnard and Dark Nebulae -- 6 Barnard's Star -- 7 Honors and Awards -- 8 Astronomical Glass Plate Collections -- References and General Bibliography -- Chapter 5: Visual Observation of the Barnard Objects -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Sky Darkness and the Contrast Illusion -- 1.2 Opacity -- 1.3 Observing Barnard Objects -- 2 Barnard's Observations of Dark Nebulae -- 2.1 The Great Rift of the Milky Way -- 3 Other Observations of Dark Nebulae -- 4 Astronomical League Dark Nebula Observing Program -- 4.1 Naked Eye Objects -- 4.2 Binocular and Telescopic Objects
The Barnard Objects have fascinated professional and amateur astronomers for over one hundred years. Many of those objects first imaged by E.E. Barnard on black-and-white photographic plates are now being captured daily in thousands of color astrophotographs. This book tells of Barnards story; describing his life and work as well as how the fields of astronomy and astrophotography have transformed ever since. The chapters in this book are equal parts history and science. It will provide readers with an introduction to nebula science and the incredible discoveries made in this field over the decades; including an overview of popular astronomical catalogues and a detailed look at how astronomical imaging has advanced since Barnards time, from early plates to digital imaging and chips. In addition, the book features a comprehensive guide to viewing and imaging these objects yourself. A glossary of astronomical and photographic terms is provided, along with detailed references. And, an updated table displaying the locations of these Barnard Objects; including the missing twenty-five objects from E.E. Barnards original catalogue. Richly researched and illustrated, this fascinating reference will attract astronomers of all skill levels interested in astrophotography and how it has changed over the past hundred years
Barnard, Edward Emerson 1857-1923 (DE-588)118845624 gnd rswk-swf
Geschichte gnd rswk-swf
Dunkelwolke (DE-588)4150869-5 gnd rswk-swf
Barnard, Edward Emerson / 1857-1923 / https://isni.org/isni/0000000119482191
Astronomy / United States / History / 19th century
Astronomical photography / History / 19th century
Astronomie / États-Unis / Histoire / 19e siècle
Photographie astronomique / Histoire / 19e siècle
Barnard, Edward Emerson / 1857-1923
Astronomical photography
Astronomy
United States
1800-1899
History
Barnard, Edward Emerson 1857-1923 (DE-588)118845624 p
Dunkelwolke (DE-588)4150869-5 s
Geschichte z
DE-604
Dobek, Gerald Orin Sonstige oth
McGaha, James E. Sonstige oth
Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-3-031-31485-8
Digitalisierung Deutsches Museum application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034615943&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis
spellingShingle Hunter, Tim B.
The Barnard objects then and now
Intro -- Foreword -- On Mount Wilson with the Bruce -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- About the Authors -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- References -- Chapter 2: Nebulae: An Overview -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Diffuse Nebulae -- 2.1 Emission and Reflection Nebulae -- 2.2 Dark Nebulae -- 3 Planetary Nebulae -- 4 Supernova Remnants -- References -- Chapter 3: Astronomical Catalogs: An Overview -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Star Names and Star Catalogues -- 2.1 Bonner Durchmusterung (B.D. or BD) -- 2.2 Cordoba Durchmusterung (CD) -- 2.3 Cape Photographic Durchmusterung (CPD)
2.4 Modern Stellar Catalogs -- 2.5 Star Names Today -- 3 General Non-stellar Catalogs -- 3.1 Messier Objects -- 3.2 New General Catalogue (NGC) and Index Catalogues (IC) -- 4 The National Geographic Palomar Sky Survey (POSS, POSS I) -- Southern Sky Survey -- ESO Surveys -- 5 Galaxy Catalogs -- 5.1 Shapley-Ames Catalog (SA) -- 5.2 LEDA -- Catalogue of Principal Galaxies (PGC) -- 5.3 UGC-Uppsala General Catalog of Galaxies -- 5.4 Catalogue of Galaxies and of Clusters of Galaxies (CGCG) -- 5.5 Morphological Catalogue of Galaxies (MCG) -- VV Galaxies
5.6 Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies (Arp Galaxies) -- 5.7 Abell Catalogue -- 6 Star Cluster Catalogs -- 6.1 A Catalogue of Star Clusters Shown on Franklin-Adams Chart Plates -Melotte Catalogue (Mel) -- 6.2 Collinder Catalogue (Cr) -- 6.3 Lund Catalogue of Open Cluster Data (Lund) -- 6.4 Globular-Cluster Catalog (Arp) and Others -- 7 Planetary Nebulae Catalogs -- 7.1 Catalogue of Galactic Planetary Nebulae (PK) -- 7.2 Catalog of Planetary Nebulae (Abell) -- 7.3 PLNEBULAE - Galactic Planetary Nebulae Catalog (PN or PNG) -- 8 Emission, Dark, and Reflection Nebulae Catalogs
8.1 Catalog of Bright Diffuse Galactic Nebulae (Ced) -- 8.2 Minkowski Emission Nebulae (Mi or M1) -- 8.3 Sharpless Catalogue of HII Regions (SH2 or Sh2) -- 8.4 Gum Nebulae -- RCW Catalog -- 8.5 Van den Berg Catalog of Reflection Nebulae (vdB) -- 8.6 Atlas of Galactic Nebulae (GN) -- 9 Conclusions -- References and General Bibliography -- Chapter 4: Barnard and His Photography -- 1 Barnard the Photographer -- 2 Visual Observing Versus Photography -- 3 Astrophotography - Plates, Prints, Darkroom Techniques, Emulsions -- 4 Barnard's Astrophotography - Comets and the Milky Way
5 Barnard and Dark Nebulae -- 6 Barnard's Star -- 7 Honors and Awards -- 8 Astronomical Glass Plate Collections -- References and General Bibliography -- Chapter 5: Visual Observation of the Barnard Objects -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Sky Darkness and the Contrast Illusion -- 1.2 Opacity -- 1.3 Observing Barnard Objects -- 2 Barnard's Observations of Dark Nebulae -- 2.1 The Great Rift of the Milky Way -- 3 Other Observations of Dark Nebulae -- 4 Astronomical League Dark Nebula Observing Program -- 4.1 Naked Eye Objects -- 4.2 Binocular and Telescopic Objects
Barnard, Edward Emerson 1857-1923 (DE-588)118845624 gnd
Dunkelwolke (DE-588)4150869-5 gnd
subject_GND (DE-588)118845624
(DE-588)4150869-5
title The Barnard objects then and now
title_auth The Barnard objects then and now
title_exact_search The Barnard objects then and now
title_exact_search_txtP ˜Theœ Barnard objects then and now
title_full The Barnard objects then and now Tim B. Hunter, Gerald O. Dobek, James E. McGaha
title_fullStr The Barnard objects then and now Tim B. Hunter, Gerald O. Dobek, James E. McGaha
title_full_unstemmed The Barnard objects then and now Tim B. Hunter, Gerald O. Dobek, James E. McGaha
title_short The Barnard objects
title_sort the barnard objects then and now
title_sub then and now
topic Barnard, Edward Emerson 1857-1923 (DE-588)118845624 gnd
Dunkelwolke (DE-588)4150869-5 gnd
topic_facet Barnard, Edward Emerson 1857-1923
Dunkelwolke
url http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034615943&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
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