Russia and the changing character of conflict
"Russia's actions in and around Ukraine in 2014, as well as its activities in Syria and further afield, sparked renewed debate about the character of war and armed conflict, and whether it was undergoing a fundamental shift. Since 2014 there has been wide-ranging discussion about Russia�...
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Russia and the changing character of conflict |c Tracey German |
| 264 | 1 | |a Amherst, New York |b Cambria Press |c [2023] | |
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| 490 | 0 | |a Rapid communications in conflict and security series | |
| 505 | 8 | |a Introduction -- The evolution of military thought -- Observing western interventions -- Operational experience in the post-Soviet era -- High-tech futures -- Undermining the will to resist -- All available means? -- Learning the wrong lessons? Russia's 2022 invasion of Ukraine and a return to "traditional" warfare -- Conclusions -- Glossary -- Bibliography -- Index | |
| 520 | 3 | |a "Russia's actions in and around Ukraine in 2014, as well as its activities in Syria and further afield, sparked renewed debate about the character of war and armed conflict, and whether it was undergoing a fundamental shift. Since 2014 there has been wide-ranging discussion about Russia's "new way of war", with labels such as hybrid warfare, grey-zone operations and the Gerasimov doctrine dominating Western analyses. However, there has been scant analysis of Russian perspectives on the changing character of conflict and what future wars may look like: Western attempts to understand how and why Russia uses force have tended to rely upon mirror-imaging and an expectation of similar strategic behaviors. This book explores Russian views of the changing character of conflict and the debates that have emerged about how future wars might evolve. It sets out the trends and debates in Russian military thought, outlining the implications of Russian conclusions regarding the characteristics of contemporary and future conflict." | |
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| 653 | 2 | |a Russia (Federation) / Military policy / 21st century | |
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| 653 | 2 | |a Russia (Federation) / History, Military / 21st century | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Hybrid warfare / Russia (Federation) / History / 21st century | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Ukraine Conflict, 2014- | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Diplomatic relations | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Table of Contents List of Tables......................................................................................... vii Introduction.............................................................................................. 1 Part I: Lessons Learned...................................................................... 13 Chapter 1: The Evolution of Military Thought.................................... 15 Chapter 2: Observing Western Interventions........................................ 53 Chapter 3: Operational Experience in the Post-Soviet Era................. 81 Part II: Continuity And Change................................................... 119 Chapter 4: High-Tech Futures............................................................. 121 Chapter 5: Undermining the Will to Resist........................................ 155 Chapter 6: All Available Means?........................................................... 191 Chapter 7: Learning the Wrong Lessons?......................................... 217 Conclusion............................................................................................. 235 Glossary................................................................................................. 247 Index...................................................................................................... 251 Cambria Rapid Communications in Conflict and Security Series........................................................................... 267
Index Abkhazia, 81, 92-93, 196, 211 Academy of the General Staff. See General Staff Academy of Military Science (AVN), 26-29, 65, 67, 164, 172, 192, 198 active defense, strategy of, 108, 165, 242, 250 Admiral Gorshkov, 138 Advanced Research Foundation (Fond perspektivnykh issledovanii, FPI), 142 Afghanistan, 69, 72-73, 151, 201-204, 208, 212 invasion of, 83, 85, 111, 200, 219 lessons from, 2, 65, 75, 83, 88, 111, 128, 199-200, 219 air defence S-300 and S-400 surface-to-air missile systems, 58 air forces (VKS), 87 air/land integration, 94 air superiority, 65, 75, 136, 221 Anapa, 143 Anikonov, Andrei, 26, 40, 47, 50, 137, 146, 150, 232 anti-access area denial (A2AD), 40 ABM Treaty US withdrawal from, 64 Antiterror Orel Group, 205 Arab Spring, 156, 161-162, 179 Arbatov, Alexei, 57-58, 77, 83, 111 artificial intelligence (AI), 9, 29, 37-38, 43, 68, 109, 123, 126, 139, 141-144, 151-152, 173, 186, 227, artificial intelligence (AI) (continued), 231, 244 armed forces, 5, 8, 16-17, 20, 26-29, 33-34, 39, 41, 43-44, 53-54, 56, 63, 65-66, 68, 70-72, 74, 78, 81-85, 88, 91-95, 102-104, 106-109, 111, 116, 122-123, 125-127, 130-133, 136, 139-144, 146, 148, 158, 171, 177, 179-181, 191, 193-195, 197, 200-202, 204, 207, 209, 219-222, 225, 231-233, 240, 243, 248, 250 Armed Forces’ Main MilitaryPolitical Directorate, 180 Armeiskii Sbornik, 6, 77-79, 113-115, 146-149, 210 Arsenal Otechestva, 152, 206, 213 Arslanov, Khalil, 106 Arzamaskin, Yury, 178, 189 artillery, 84, 86, 88, 98-99, 111-112, 126, 134, 137, 152, 218, 220, 224-226, 228, 240 asymmetry, 16, 37, 71, 121, 125, 163, 194, 237, 244
asymmetric action, 33, 73 asymmetric wars, 54 automation, 125, 225 Avangard hypersonic boost-glide vehicle, 138 Azerbaijan Nagorno-Karabakh, 40, 74-75, 140, 143 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war, 40 use of UAVs, 74, 109, 126, 140, 151, 239
252 Russia and the Changing Character of Conflict Babich, Vladimir, 35, 47, 49 Baluyev, Dmitry, 36 Bartosh, Aleksandr, 35, 49, 158, 160, 179, 184-187, 189 Basayev, Shamil, 90, 196 Belarus, 178, 208 Belsky, AN, 165,185-186 “besieged fortress,” 3, 178, 180 Black Sea, 107, 143, 202 Bogdanov, Sergei, 50 bor’ba (struggle), 33-34, 48,167 Borchev, Mikhail, 36, 49 Bordyuzha, Nikolai, 101 Borisov, Yury, 146,166 bots, 157 Brezhnev, Leonid, 177,184 Burenok, Vasily, 142, 151-152 Bush, George W., 161 Caspian Sea, 104 Caucasus, 9, 81, 87, 90, 94, 104, 113, 195-196, 199, 203 mountains, 92 Central African Republic, 205, 207 Central Military District, 105-106 Center for Military-Strategic Studies (TsVI), 27 Center for Reconciliation of Opposing Sides (Syria), 199 Chechen battalions (in Ukraine) Dzhokhar Dudayev peacekeeping battalion, 199 Sheikh Mansur peacekeeping battalion, 199 “Chechenization,” 91, 197 Chechnya, 196 Interim Council, 91, 197 Russian invasion of, 7-8, 54, 77, 81-89, 91-92, 94-100, 104, 107-109, 111-113, 126, 128, Chechnya Russian invasion of (continued), 197, 200, 212, 218-221, 226, 228, 239 siege of Grozny, 85-86, 91, 97, 111-112, 126, 197, 218, 220-221, 226 Chekinov, Sergei, 24, 26, 28, 37-38, 46-47, 50, 54, 56, 70, 72, 77, 79, 126, 129, 136, 146, 148, 150, 159, 173, 184, 187, 195, 208, 211, 249 Chernysh, Anatoly, 133, 149 Chief of the General Staff. See General Staff See also Gerasimov, Valery, and Ogarkov, Nikolai China, 26, 74, 128, 131, 141, 148, 216, 225, 232, 265-266 information warfare, 170-171, 187 use of private military and security companies (PMSC), 202-203,
209 Clausewitz, Carl von, 32, 236 definition of war, 36 warfare, 2 Clinton, Bill, 161 coercion, 113, 175, 237 coercive use of force, 58 cognitive operations, 174-175 Cold War, 4, 6, 8-9, 24-25, 40, 46, 54-55, 59, 69, 71, 76, 82, 144, 160-162, 171, 177, 187, 191-192, 196, 199-201, 208-209, 211, 221, 235, 238, 245 Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO), 101 color revolution, 2, 9, 37, 155-156, 161-165, 237, 241 Combat Control Center, 132
Index Combat Control Center (continued) See also National Defense Management Center (NTsUO) command and control, 19, 28, 40, 43, 65, 67, 69, 71, 84, 87, 101-103, 105-106, 108, 122, 125, 132, 144, 148, 172-174, 227, 232, 247, 249 automated command and control, 56, 123-124, 131, 133, 135, 137, 142, 239 See also network-centric warfare (NCW), 5, 127-131, 133-134, 147, 167, 225 C4ISR (command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance), 121, 128, 167 communications, 54, 61, 68, 70, 74, 87-88, 94-95, 97, 102, 106, 134, 161, 167, 175, 227-228, 265 capabilities, 67, 101, 104-105, 121, 123, 128-129, 139, 144, 243-244 technologies, 9, 121, 123, 127, 132, 139-140, 144, 157, 235-236, 241, 243-244 Confederation of Mountain Peoples of the Caucasus (KNK), 196 conscient war, 186 conscription, 205 controlled chaos, 9, 155-157, 160, 163-164, 183, 241-242 Cossacks, 92, 192, 198 counterinsurgency operations, 67, 83, 87, 91, 111, 197, 265 Crimea, Russian annexation of, 98-99, 101, 179, 229 cyber, 34, 96, 98, 114-115, 125, 142, 156, 169, 173, 182, 187, 203, 239 253 Danilenko, Ignat, 25, 45, 47 deception. See maskirovka defense, 29, 43, 53, 56-57, 61-64, 67, 75, 85-86, 94-95, 100, 102, 104-106, 108, 111, 124, 126, 131, 134, 136, 138, 142, 163, 165-166, 173, 178-181, 183, 185-186, 200-201, 214, 222-223, 226, 231, 242, 244, 248, 250, 265 collective, 58 Ministry of Defense, 26-27, 44, 46, 48, 87, 116, 122, 132, 139, 143, 198, 205-206, 233 democracy, 160, 162, 185 promotion of, 73, 161, 183, 242 destabilization, internal, 155-157, 161, 182-183, 237, 241-242
distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, 96 Georgia 2008, 98 deterrence, 212, 266 nuclear, 63, 136-137 strategic, 63-64, 137, 142, 250 dialectical materialism, 21 Directorate for Innovative Development, 143 disinformation, 90, 157, 159, 167, 169, 173-175, 241, 249 disorganization, 247 of forces, 134, 136, 174-175 domains, 40, 203, 243-244 air, 61, 68, 106, 182, 238 information, 61, 66, 166, 177, 180, 182, 217-218, 238 Donskov, Yury, 134, 149-150, 173, 188 drones. See UAVs Duma, 85, 162-163, 179, 185, 205-206 Dvornikov, Aleksandr, 39, 50,
254 Russia and the Changing Character of Conflict Dvornikov, Aleksandr (continued), 103-104, 106, 115-116, 227 Dzhokhar Dudayev, 84, 91, 197 peacekeeping battalion, 199 electronic warfare (EW), 29, 57, 59,61,66-67, 72, 74, 98, 101, 103, 106-107, 109, 123, 129, 131, 133-135, 139-140, 143-144, 147, 167, 169, 171, 173, 175, 182, 222, 231, 238-239 electronic shock, 56 ERA Technopolis, 143 exercises. See military exercises Federal Security Service (FSB), 87, 91, 162, 206, 211 fifth columnists, 165, 178 Finland 1939 Winter War, 223 forecasting, 2-3, 5, 7, 15-16, 23-28, 42, 44-47, 58, 65, 77, 126, 141, 221-222, 235 Foreign Policy Concept (Russia), 97 foresight, 2-3, 5, 7, 10, 15,17-18, 21-22,25,28, 42, 44-45,126, 164, 218, 236-237, 247 Frunze, Mikhail, 20-21, 221 futurology, 25 Gantemirov, Beslan, 91, 197 Gareev, Makhmut, 28, 46, 77 Gazprom, 205, 214 General Communications Directorate, 106 General Staff, 27, 73, 165,178, 217, 219, 242 Academy of the General Staff, 24, 58, 107-108, 132 Chief of the General Staff, 4, 28, 168 Georgia, 7-8, 54, 72, 81-82, 91, 95, 97-98, 101, 114, 122, 128, 196, 211, 214, 219-220, 227, 229, 240 Abkhazia, 92, 197 National Security Council, 93 opolchentsy, 92, 197-198 president of, 96, 99, 228 Roki Tunnel, 92 South Ossetia, 9, 92-94, 111, 212, 234 Tskhinvali, 92, 203 2003 Rose Revolution, 161 Gerasimov, Valery, 1, 19, 24, 28, 33-34, 36, 38-39, 42, 44, 46-51, 73, 79, 102, 105, 108, 115, 117, 122, 131-133, 139, 146-147, 165-166, 178, 186, 192, 199, 210, 218, 224, 227, 232-233, 237, 240, 242 speeches by, 98, 104, 109, 164, 185 writings of, 15-16, 18, 29,
164 Gorbunov, Viktor, 36-37, 49-50, 68-69, 77-78, 156, 184 Gracheva, Tatyana, 194, 211 Great Patriotic War, 18, 29, 32, 62, 85-86, 247 grey-zone operations, 1 Gromyko, Yu, 166, 172, 186 Ground Forces, 56-57, 59, 67, 73, 86, 88, 93-94, 102, 107, 124, 134, 137, 140, 145, 218, 220, 222-224, 226, 230, 239 Grozny, 91, 97, 111-112, 126, 197, 218, 221 New Year”s Eve offensive, 85 siege of, 226 urban combat, 85-86, 220, 226 Gulf War, 1991, 4, 8, 24-25, 53, 56-59, 65, 72, 135, 231, 238, 245
Index GulfWar, 1991 (continued) See also Operation Desert Storm Hezbollah, 108, 199 highways. See infrastructure Hmeimim (Russian base), 105, 199 hybrid warfare, 1, 98, 121, 158, 184, 192-193, 241, 245 humanitarian intervention, 58 humanitarian operations, 104 hypersonic missiles, 122-123, 125, 131, 136, 138, 143, 150-151, 219, 232, 238 See also Avangard, Tsirkon Independent International FactFinding Mission on the Conflict in Georgia, 114, 212 indirect action, 156, 159, 182, 195, 241 influence operations, 162 information, 34, 78, 88, 93, 155, 163, 195, 212, 229, 236, 266 confrontation, 5, 29, 35, 39, 42, 56, 61, 70, 96-97, 101, 103, 138, 142, 145, 156, 158-159, 164, 166-170, 175-177, 181-182, 242 domain, 66, 166, 177, 180, 182, 238 narratives, 96, 166, 228, 240-241 operations, 4-5, 54, 56, 61, 65-68, 72, 84, 89, 95-96, 98, 100-101, 103-105, 108-110, 115, 123, 125, 127-130, 132, 134, 138, 144, 148, 156, 158-159, 164, 169-171, 173-175, 177-178, 181-182, 222, 228, 232, 237, 239, 241, 243, 248-249 255 information (continued) superiority, 37-38, 55-56, 61, 66-68, 70-71, 83-84, 108, 110, 124-126, 129-130, 134, 144, 168, 171-175,222, 227, 239-240, 249 systems, 9, 27, 29, 56-57, 61, 65-68, 103, 105, 108-109, 122, 124-127, 129-130, 132-134, 137, 142, 144-145, 160, 166-168, 170-171, 174-176, 182, 185, 227-228, 237-238 warfare, 4-5, 9, 27, 29, 38, 42-43, 46, 54-57, 59, 61, 66-67, 71,89-91,95-98, 100-101, 103, 108-110, 123, 125-127, 129-130, 134, 138, 144, 147-148, 156-158, 167-182, 186-187, 218, 222, 227-228, 232-233, 237-241, 243-244, 247, 249 information-psychological
confrontation, 36-37, 39, 71, 158, 168, 170, 175-179, 195, 237, 240 information-technical confrontation, 168, 170, 175 information technology (IT), 1-7, 9-10, 16-24, 26-28, 32-34, 36-37,41-43, 45, 47,51,53, 56-59, 61-62, 64, 67-71, 81-82, 85-86, 89-90, 92-98, 100-104, 106-109, 113, 121-126, 128-133, 136, 138-139, 143-147, 155-158, 160-163, 165-175, 180, 182-183, 192, 194, 196-198, 201, 203-209, 212, 214, 218, 220, 222, 224-226, 228-229, 232, 234-236, 238-241, 244-246, 248-249 infrastructure, 86 communications, 61, 94, 134
256 Russia and the Changing Character of Conflict infrastructure (continued) critical national, 94, 168, 222-223, 239 economic, 57, 61, 71, 222, 239 highways, 94 military, 55, 57-58, 61, 71, 93-94, 109, 134, 136, 168, 205, 222-223, 239 pipelines, 94 railway, 94 targeting, 55, 71-72 transport, 61, 94 initial period of war (IPW), 19-20, 45, 84, 93, 109, 130, 134, 167, 220, 239-240, 248 initiative, 18, 20, 69, 71, 83, 85, 93-94, 99-100, 107, 109, 124, 130, 136-137, 144, 158, 167, 195, 206, 209, 221, 223-224, 238-239, 243 maintaining, 19, 240 seizing, 19, 84, 220, 240 insurgency, 44, 100, 111 integrated forces, 40,108, 129, 243 integrated operations, 107,140 integration, 27 air/land, 94 forces, 87, 91, 94,103, 110, 123, 127-129, 131-132, 139, 227, 239 intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance capabilities (ISR), 137 internal instability, 2, 5, 43,157, 162-163 international law, 37, 58,181 invasions, 18-19, 22, 32, 66, 78, 83-85, 88, 90, 111, 182 of Georgia, 7-8, 54, 72, 81-82, 91-99, 101, 114, 122, 128, 161, 196-197, 203, 211-212, 214, invasions of Georgia (continued), 219-220, 227-229, 234, 240 Mongol, 3 Napoleon, 3 of Russia by Germany (1941), 3 of Ukraine, 1, 6-10, 40, 54, 74-75, 81-82, 97-102, 105, 109, 115, 121, 123-126, 137, 140, 143-145, 161, 178, 192, 198-200, 203, 206-208, 212, 214, 217-221, 223-233, 237, 240, 245 Ionov, MD, 175, 188 Iraq, 40, 74, 128, 151, 163, 201-205, 208, 212 invasion (1991 and 2003), 2, 8, 25, 53, 61, 64-69, 72-73, 75, 78, 131, 135, 221, 235 Mosul, 67, 78 weapons of mass destruction, 66 Iran, 74 irregular forces, 100, 192-193 ISIS, 107
Iskander missile, 145, 219, 223 Isserson, Georgii, 18, 20, 22 Kadyrov, Akhmad, 91, 197 Kalibr missiles, 104, 123, 138-139, 219, 238, 243 Kalinovsky, Oleg, 113, 171-172, 187 Kalistratov, Aleksandr, 193, 210 Kartapolov, Andrei, 156,159, 180, 184 Kavkazcentre, 90 Kazar’yan, Bogdan, 129-130,148 Kenya, 205 Kepel, Oleg, 178, 189 Khamzatov, Musa, 3, 11, 23, 36, 46, 49, 77, 125, 130, 146, 148, 193, 210
Index Khodarenok, Mikhail, 218-220, 232 Khomutov, Aleksandr, 50, 88, 113, 149, 203, 213-214 Khramchikin, Aleksandr, 148, 223, 230, 232 Kiselyev, Valery, 47, 67, 78, 85, 112-113, 125, 128-129, 135-137, 146, 150, 159, 194-195, 208, 210, 224-225 Komov, Sergei, 171-172, 187 Kondratyev, Georgy, 86, 111 Konovalov, Ivan, 194, 203, 211, 214-215 Korobov, Igor, 107 Kosovo, 57, 77, 83, 111 Kostenko, Alexei, 67, 78, 210 Krasnaya Zvezda, 47, 50, 90, 116-117, 148-152, 184, 186, 201-202, 213-214 Kruglov, Vyacheslav V., 20, 25, 38, 45-47, 49-50, 74, 79, 150, 187 kto kogo, 19, 32 Kudryavtsev, Aleksandr, 193, 210 Kulikov, Anatoly, 127, 147 Kurochko, Mikhail, 35, 49, 156, 184 Kutishchev, Viktor, 94, 114, 147 Lapin, Aleksandr, 105-106 lasers, 122,141 Lefebvre, Vladimir, 175 Lenin, Vladimir, 32, 48 Liddell Hart, Basil, 33, 156, 158, 184, 211,236, 240, 245 Libya, 2, 8, 40, 53, 72-74, 192, 204, 207-208, 229, 235 limited actions, strategy of, 108, 250 Limno, Aleksandr, 170, 187-188 logistics, 67, 132, 193, 210 Lomaia, Alexander, 93 Lutovinov, Vladimir, 37, 50, 180, 189 257 Main Operational Directorate, 219 Makarov, Nikolai, 163, 204 Makhonin, Viktor, 5, 11, 35, 45, 47, 49, 77 Mali, 207, 215 Mann, Steven, 160-161, 185 Mariupol, 220, 226 Marxism-Leninism, 18, 32 dialectical materialism, 21 maskirovka (military deception), 169, 174-175, 249 Messner, Evgenii, 157 Middle East and North Africa, 163 Migunov, Aleksandr, 170, 186-187, 189 Mikhailenko, Aleksandr, 202-205, 213-214 Mikryukov, Vasily, 176, 189, 192, 202, 210, 212-213 military art, 4, 21-23, 67, 103, 124, 170, 248 military exercises, 100, 107,
140, 175 Kavkaz, 106 Vostok-2018,106,116 Zapad-2021, 143, 153 military intelligence, 207 military reform, 95 military science, 10, 22, 24, 30, 39, 42, 58, 102-103, 109, 126, 132-133, 135, 146, 148, 171, 201, 218, 221-222, 224, 232, 248 Academy of Military Science (AVN), 26-29, 65, 67, 164, 172, 192, 198 definition of, 16-17, 28, 36, 45 Soviet, 3, 7, 15-16, 20-21, 23, 25-26, 31, 45-47, 77, 198, 236, 242 military theorists, 2, 4-6, 16, 19-20,
258 Russia and the Changing Character of Conflict military theorists (continued), 22, 29, 33, 37, 40, 43, 53-55, 62, 67, 75, 90, 95, 124, 134, 140-141, 170, 178, 193-194, 221, 224, 230, 235-237, 241, 244, 248 military thought, 1-2, 4-7, 9-11, 15-17, 20, 22-23, 28, 32, 42, 53, 75-76, 95, 105, 122-123, 140, 144-145, 155, 176, 182, 187-188, 192, 195, 201, 209, 218, 226, 235-236, 242-243, 246 military technological revolution (MTR) See also revolution in military affairs (RMA), 4, 55, 124, 238 militia, 212, 234 Abkhazian, 92, 197 South Ossetian, 92, 197-198 use of, 104, 108-109, 197-199, 229 in Ukraine, 198-199, 229 Ministry of Defense, 26-27, 44, 46, 48, 87, 116, 122, 132, 139, 143, 198, 205-206, 233 Ministry of Emergency Situations Ministry of Emergency Situations’ Crisis Center, 132 Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 115, 206 Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD), 132, 198 Ministry for the Press, Television and Radio Broadcasting, 89 missile defense, 63,124,136, 138 Czech Republic, 64 interceptors in Poland, 64 See also ABM Treaty Mizintsev, Mikhail, 132 modernization of armed forces, 8, 54, 81, 122-123, 128, 134, 217, 224, modernization of armed forces (continued), 227 Moiseev, Vladimir, 38, 50 Molkino (Wagner training base), 207 morale, 29, 48, 124, 145, 159, 204, 217-218, 222, 224, 226, 230, 245 Moran Security Group, 205 Mozambique, 207 Munaev, Isa, 199 multi-domain operations (MDO), 40, 106 Nagorno-Karabakh, 143 2020 Autumn War, 40, 74-75, 140 nanotechnology. See technology narratives information, 96-97, 101, 166, 180, 218, 228-229, 240-241 strategic, 96-97, 101, 166, 228,
240-241 National Bank of Georgia, cyber attacks against, 96 National Defense Management Center (NTsUO), 43, 100, 226, 248 NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization), 5, 51, 56, 61-62, 68-69, 73-75, 77, 79, 82-83, 87-88, 115, 122, 128, 131, 164, 169, 186, 231, 238, 241, 245 collective defense, 58 Operation Allied Force, 8, 53-54, 57, 59, 84, 135, 239 Neelov, Vladimir, 194, 200, 211, 213, 215 Nerekhta, 143, 153 new generation war, 71 new physical principles, weapons of, 37, 43, 140, 244
Index network-centric warfare (NCW), 5, 9, 40, 43,55, 67,71,95,123, 127-131, 133-134, 144, 147, 167, 222, 225, 238-239, 243, 249 networked systems, 40, 127, 130-131, 133, 238 next generation light anti-tank weapon (NLAW), 224 Nezavisimoye voennoye obozrenie (NVO),6, 151-152 Nigeria, 205 non-governmental organizations, 165 non-kinetic action, 34-35, 41-42, 54, 72, 95-96, 156, 169-170, 191, 212, 235-236, 241, 249 non-military means, 91, 95 non-state actors, 72, 82,191-194, 208, 244-245 North Caucasus, 8-9, 81, 87, 90, 92, 104, 195-196 Nogovitsin, Anatoly, 168 nuclear weapons, 4, 11, 55, 62, 64, 68, 75, 124-125 deterrence, 63, 136-137 Ogarkov, Nikolai, 4, 55 Operation Desert Storm, 8, 53-55, 75, 239 Orange Revolution, 2004, 161 Orlan-10 reconnaissance UAV, 228 Orlyansky, Vladimir, 124, 146, 172-173, 187-188 Pankov, Nikolai, 94 patriotic education, 179, 242 military-patriotic education, 180 Patrushev, Nikolai, 162 Persian Gulf, 63 pipelines. See infrastructure Popov, Igor M., 23, 36, 46, 49, 77, 259 Popov, Igor M. (continued), 193, 210 Popov, Vladimir V., 133, 149 Potekhin, V, 166, 172, 186 Prague Spring, 1968, 158 Pravyi Sektor (Right Sector), 198 precision, 5, 43, 64, 75, 102, 106, 122, 224, 249 strike, 4, 9, 40, 55, 58, 63, 73, 81, 104-105, 123-124, 126, 134-138, 140, 144-145, 165, 217-218, 222-223, 227, 230-231, 238-240, 243-245 guided munitions, 38, 56, 60, 62, 72, 131, 135,138, 231,238, 243 weapons, 37, 59, 61-62, 65, 86, 95, 104-105, 125, 127, 135-136, 145, 223, 237-238 prediction, 6, 10, 17-18, 28, 68, 218, 236 preemptive action, 19, 38, 125, 165, 168, 240, 242, 250
private military and security company (PMSC), 9, 38, 102, 108, 110, 143, 191, 193-195, 198, 200, 204, 210-211, 227, 237-238, 244-245 Article 13 of the constitution, 206 Belarus, 208 Blackwater, 201-203, 208, 213 Chinese use of, 202-203, 208-209, 216 Defensive Shield, 203, 214 draft legislation, 205-206 Greystone, 203 Military Professional Resources Inc., 203, 214 presence in Africa, 192, 203, 205-207 SBS Othago, 203
260 Russia and the Changing Character of Conflict private military and security company (PMSC) (continued) Prigozhin, Yevgeny, 207 Venezuela, 207, 215 Wagner Group, 10, 192, 203, 205-208, 216, 229 professional military education, 108, 146, 232 Prompt Global Strike, 138 propaganda, 33, 66, 83, 89-90, 167, 169, 173, 229 protest potential, 42, 158, 164-165, 178, 182 proxy forces, 9, 81, 83-84, 91-92, 98, 100, 178, 196-197, 218, 222, 227, 231 private military and security company (PMSC), 102, 108, 110, 192-195, 198-202, 208-209, 229, 238 psychological effects See also psychological means, instruments psychological warfare, 71, 110, 176-180, 189, 240 See also psychological operations Putin, Vladimir, 8, 31,115, 185 railways. See infrastructure reconnaissance, 27, 40, 67, 69-70, 72, 105-106, 108, 121-122, 124, 129, 131, 135-136, 140, 143-144, 147, 218, 228, 244 reconnaissance fire, 137 reconnaissance-strike, 104, 107, 137-139, 249 reflexive control, 171, 174-176, 188, 249 regime change, 43, 157,194 regime change (continued) US, 2, 5, 37, 161-162 Iraq, 2 Hussein, Saddam, 63, 66 Reznichenko, Vasily, 62, 78 revolution, 144, 157 color, 2, 9, 37, 155-156, 161-165, 237, 241 in military affairs, 3-4, 11, 46, 59 military technical, 4, 21 robotic systems, 102, 109, 122-123, 126 Nerekhta, 143, 153 Uran-9, 143, 152-153 Rodionov, Sergei, 72, 79, 171, 187 Rog, Valentin, 63, 78 Rogov, Sergei, 64, 78 Roki Tunnel, 92 Rosatom, 132 Rose Revolution (2003), 161 Rosgvardiya (National Guard), 206 Roskomnadzor, 101 Rossiiskaya Gazeta, 90, 185 Runov, Valentin, 72, 79 Russian invasion of Chechnya, 7-8,
54, 81-85, 87-89, 91, 94-97, 99-100, 107, 109, 113, 126, 128, 197, 200, 212, 218-221, 226, 228, 239 Georgia, 7-8, 54, 72, 81-82, 91, 93, 95-99, 101, 114, 122, 128, 196-197, 203, 212, 219-220, 226-229, 234, 240 Ukraine, 1, 6-9, 54, 81-82, 97-102, 105, 109, 115, 121, 123-126, 137, 139-140, 143-145, 178, 192, 197-200, 203, 207-208, 217-221, 223-231, 233, 237, 240, 245-246
Index Russia as a besieged fortress, 3, 178, 180 competitors, 62, 131, 155, 160, 162, 178, 225, 238-239, 242, 246 public opinion of military operations, 88, 96, 167-168, 176 threat perception, 41, 58 Russian Federation, 90, 163, 185, 249 armed forces, 5, 8, 15-17, 20, 26-29, 33, 39, 41-44, 53-54, 65, 67-68, 70, 72, 74, 81-85, 87-88, 91-95, 99, 102, 104, 106-109, 111, 116, 122-133, 135-136, 139-144, 146, 148, 158, 171, 174-181, 191, 193-194, 196-197, 200, 202, 204, 207, 209, 217, 219-222, 224-225, 231-232, 240-241, 243, 248 constitution, 205-206 Military Doctrine, 26, 36, 41, 194 military modernization, 8, 54, 81, 122-123, 128, 134, 217, 224, 226-227 Ministry of Defense, 26-27, 44, 46, 48, 87, 116, 122, 132, 139, 143, 205-206 Ministry of Internal Affairs, 132 National Security Strategy, 41 president of, 48, 51, 115, 190, 211, 213 Russian State Armament Program, 123 Saakashvili, Mikhel, 96, 228 Saifetdinov, Kharis, 16, 44, 126, 133, 146-147, 149 sanctions, 123, 145, 163, 175, 231, 261 sanctions (continued), 233 satellites, 105-106 satellite communications, 106 Serbia, 2, 8, 57-59, 61, 88 2000 Bulldozer revolution, 161 Serdyukhov, Anatoly, 95 Shahed-136 UAV, 228 Sharp, Gene, 162, 185 Sheikh Mansur peacekeeping battalion, 199 Shoigu, Sergei, 115-116, 132, 135, 201, 206, 213, 215 Shubin, Aleksei S., 20, 38, 45, 50, 74, 79, 150-151 sixth-generation warfare. See Slipchenko, Vladimir Slavonic Corps, 206 Slipchenko, Vladimir, 24, 31, 46, 57, 60, 62, 64, 67, 72-74, 77-79, 112, 125, 134-135, 144, 149, 222, 230, 232, 239, 245 generations of war, 59 sixth-generation warfare, 8, 54,
58-59, 61, 63, 65, 71, 75, 157, 225, 237-238 Smolvy, Aleksandr, 27, 73, 79 Snesarev, Andrei, 166 social media, 157,176, 228, 233, 237, 241 societal divisions, 145, 241 inciting, 156 soft power, 9, 35, 155 Sokolovsky, Vasily, 4, 11, 17, 33, 41, 44-45, 48, 51 South Ossetia, 9, 93-94, 212, 234 Joint Peacekeeping Forces, 92 Tskhinvali, 92, 203 Southern Military District, 103, 226 sovereignty, state, 58, 183, 242 space, 9, 27, 29, 39-40, 42, 61, 96, 101, 103, 122, 125-126, 129, 133,
262 Russia and the Changing Character of Conflict space (continued), 135, 159, 161-162, 165-166, 169, 181-182, 192, 196, 208, 229, 248 space-based assets, 66-67, 105, 138 space reconnaissance systems, 124 special forces, 104, 109, 136, 158, 164, 207 Stalingrad, 85-86, 220 Stepshin, Mikhail, 26, 40, 47, 50, 137, 146, 150, 232 strategy, 11, 17, 22, 26-27, 29, 32, 41, 44-45, 47-48, 51, 56, 58, 91, 121, 136-137, 155, 159-162, 184-185, 188-189, 192-193, 195, 197, 211-212, 223, 236, 240, 265-266 active defense, 108,165, 242, 250 limited actions, 108, 250 strategic parity, 55, 64, 75, 123, 136, 138 Strategic Nuclear Forces Control Centre See also National Defense Management Center (NTsUO) strategic vulnerability, 3 subversion, 2, 33, 37, 39, 43-44, 56, 100, 136, 156-158, 177, 241 Sun Tzu, 158, 236 superiority military, 18-20, 37-38, 40, 56, 61, 64-66, 71, 75, 94, 105, 108, 110, 124-126, 129-130, 134-138, 144, 168, 170-171, 173, 175, 192-193, 202, 220-225, 227, 237-240, 244, 249 information, 37-38, 55-56, 61, 66-68, 70-71, 83-84, superiority information (continued), 108, 110, 124-126, 129-130, 134-135, 144, 168-175, 222, 227, 239-240, 249 surprise, 7, 18-19, 65, 84-85, 93-94, 99-100, 107, 109, 111, 124, 131, 135, 144, 167, 175, 195, 220-221, 235, 239-240, 243, 245 fear of, 3, 8 Suvorov, Aleksandr, 93, 168 Svechin, Aleksandr, 20, 22, 32, 44-45, 48, 69, 79, 218, 232, 236 swarm tactics, 107 Syria, 1, 7-10, 39-40, 73-75, 81-82, 87, 99, 101-104, 106-109, 116, 123-124, 132, 135, 137-140, 143, 149, 151, 176, 192, 200, 206-207, 224, 229-230, 239 Aleppo, 126, 218, 226 Center for
Reconciliation of Opposing Sides, 199 Idlib, 126, 218 Hmeimim, 105, 199 Homs, 226 S-70 Okhotnik UAV, 140 S-300, S-400 surface-to-air missile systems, 58 Tagirov, Viktor, 105 technology, 2, 4, 7, 11, 26, 39, 48, 56, 65, 70, 74-75, 90, 106, 122, 124, 126-127, 131, 139-140, 142, 145, 151, 163, 167, 169, 217, 222-223, 225, 230-231, 236, 238, 240-241, 245 emerging, 9, 22, 55, 143-144, 147, 192-193, 235, 265 nanotechnology, 37, 43, 68, 125, 143
Index technological inferiority, sense of, 3, 55, 243 technological enablers, 102 terrorism, 158, 207 Chechen, 81-86, 88-91, 95, 111-113, 196-197, 199, 211, 221, 228, 239 international, 19, 27, 34-35, 37, 53, 57-58, 64, 66, 68, 75, 89, 92, 96-99, 101, 107, 111, 114-115, 128, 141, 160, 163-164, 181, 183, 185, 188-189, 193, 197, 201-202, 206,211-212,216, 224, 228, 236, 265 terrorist groups, 72 threat, 2, 5, 9, 26, 32, 37, 42-43, 62, 64, 66, 98, 100, 140, 155-157, 162-165, 169, 173, 175, 179, 181, 183, 186, 195, 240-242 perception of, 41, 58 Tikhanychev, Oleg, 137, 150 Transnistria, 9, 196 Triandafillov, Vladimir, 20, 22, 45 troll factories, 157 Tskhinvali, 92, 203 Tsirkon hypersonic missile, 138 Tsyganok, Anatoly, 65, 102,115, 221, 238 Tukhachevskii, Mikhail, 20 Tulip Revolution, 2005, 161 tunnels tunnel warfare, 107 Turkey, 209 Libya, 74 support for Azerbaijan, 74 Syria, 74 TB2 Bayraktar UAV, 75,140, 227-228, 233 UAVs, 74 Tyutyunnikov, Nikolai, 129, 148, 263 Tyutyunnikov, Nikolai (continued), 211 Udugov, Movladi, 90 Ukraine, 1, 6-10, 40, 54, 74-75, 81-82, 97, 99, 101-102, 105, 109, 115, 121, 123-126, 137, 140, 143-145, 192, 198, 200, 203, 206-208, 212, 214, 217-219, 221, 223, 225, 227, 230-233, 237, 240, 245 Dzhokhar Dudayev peacekeeping battalion, 199 Kyiv, 98, 100, 199, 226, 228 Lysyschansk, 229 Maidan, 178 Mariupol, 220, 226 next generation light anti-tank weapon (NLAW), 224 Orange Revolution, 161 Popasna, 229 Sheikh Mansur peacekeeping battalion, 199 Unified Information Space, 133 United Nations Security Council (UNSC), 58 United States, 2, 11, 15, 26, 37, 46, 54, 59,
61, 65-70, 73-74, 76, 78, 96-97, 107, 121-122, 127-128, 130-131, 141, 151, 155, 162, 164-165, 169-170, 173, 177, 182-183, 185, 196, 198, 201, 207-208, 215, 221, 236, 239, 241, 243-245, 266 competition with, 238, 242, 265 fear of, 56 missile defense, 57-58, 63-64, 136, 138, 145 National Endowment for Democracy, 160
264 Russia and the Changing Character of Conflict United States (continued) 1994 National Security Strategy, 161 nuclear weapons, 4-5, 55, 62-64, 75, 136, 142-143 strategic parity, 55, 64, 75, 136, 138, 145 withdrawal from ABM Treaty, 64 unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), 139, 142 Orlan-10, 228 S-70 Okhotnik, 140 Shahed-136, 228 TB2 Bayraktar, 75, 140, 227-228, 233 unmanned underwater vehicles, UUVs, 139 Uran-9, 143, 152-153 urban combat, 84-87, 107, 112, 126, 220, 226 USSR, 55, 161, 177 dissolution of, 236 ideological struggle, 32 Red Army, 19, 180 World War I, 18, 20 Utkin, Dmitry, 207 Valdai discussion club, 31 Valetskii, Oleg, 194, 203, 211, 214-215 Venezuela, 207, 215 Vestnik Akademii voennyikh nauk, 6, 47, 50, 79 Vinogradov, Vladimir, 135, 150 Vladimirov, Aleksandr, 33, 45, 48, 202, 213 Voennaya mysl,’ 5-6, 11, 24, 26, 44-47, 49-51, 74, 77-79, 112-114, 117, 142, 146-152, 179, 184-189, 210-211, 213, 232 Voenno-promyishlenniyi kur’er, 5, 37, 77, 185 voina, 5, 9, 11, 33-34, 46, 49, 77, 89, 115, 167, 210 Vostok-2018, 106, 116 See also military exercises Vostok battalion, 198, 212 Wagner Group, 216 in Africa, 192, 205, 207 Belarus, 208 Prigozhin,Yevgeny, 207 training base, 207 in Ukraine, 9-10, 192, 203, 206-208, 229 Venezuela, 207 See also PMSCs and Utkin, Dmitry war, 6, 10, 19, 29, 32, 44-45, 47, 55, 63-66, 69, 79, 81-88, 91-94, 96, 98-99, 101,109, 111-114, 127-128, 132, 140, 142-143, 145, 150, 157-163, 172, 177-180, 185-186, 196-199, 201, 203, 209, 211-212, 214, 218, 220-221, 224, 227, 229-231, 234, 240, 245, 266 bor’ba, 33-34, 48, 167 character of, 1-5, 7-8, 15-17,
20-22, 24-27, 31, 33-34, 36, 39-41, 43, 53-54, 56-58, 62, 67-68, 73-76, 125, 135-136, 139, 141, 144, 164-167, 181, 191-194, 200, 202, 204, 208, 217, 225, 232, 235-236, 243, 246, 248 classical, 23, 34-35, 56, 126, 156, 170, 236 debate around, 1-2, 4, 15-18, 23-24, 28, 31, 33-34, 36, 56, 135-137, 167, 171, 205-206,
Index war debate around (continued), 228, 236 new generation, 37, 54, 56, 59, 61-62, 70-72, 75, 102, 125-126, 129-130, 134, 144, 187, 222-223, 238-239 non-classical, 35, 156 opening and closing phase, 38, 72 World War I, 20, 22, 235 World War II, 18, 247 voina, 5, 9, 11, 33-34, 46, 49, 77, 89, 115, 167, 210 warfare, 2, 4, 18, 20, 26-28, 37-38, 41-42, 68, 83, 85, 88-91, 94, 96-97, 100, 110-111, 122, 156, 160-161, 168, 170, 172, 174, 176-181, 186-189, 191, 200, 204, 213, 217, 221, 224, 226, 228, 233, 235, 247, 265 contact, 46, 54, 57, 59, 61-63, 125, 135-136, 225, 239-240 electronic, 29, 56-57, 59, 61, 66-67, 72, 74, 98, 101, 103, 106-107, 109, 123, 129-131, 133-135, 138-140, 144, 147, 167, 169, 171, 173, 175, 182, 218, 222, 231, 238-239, 244 generations of, 59-60, 222 hybrid, 1, 98, 121, 158, 184, 192-193, 241, 245 network-centric, 5, 9, 40, 43, 54-55, 67, 71, 95, 123, 125-128, 130-131, 133, 144, 147-148, 222, 225, 232, 238-239, 243, 249 non-contact/contactless, 46, 54, 57, 59, 61-63, 65, 125, 134-136, 222, 225, 239, 249 sixth generation, 8, 46, 54, 265 warfare sixth generation (continued), 58-59,61,63, 65,71,75, 125, 134-135, 157, 222, 225, 237-239 Warsaw Pact, 158 weapons, 26-29, 31, 35, 38-40, 63, 65-66, 71, 73-74, 76, 86, 95, 102-105, 108, 110, 122-123, 126-130, 133-134, 137, 139, 141-142, 152, 159, 167, 171-172, 175-176, 191, 214, 219, 221, 224, 226, 237, 249-250 conventional, 4, 55-56, 59, 61, 75, 81-82, 109, 121, 125, 135-136, 145, 222-223, 238-241 of new physical principles, 37, 43, 140, 244 nuclear, 4, 11, 19, 55, 59, 61-62, 64, 68, 70, 75, 124-125, 131-132, 136,
143 West, the, 2, 5, 7, 9-10, 39, 43, 46, 53,57, 62, 64, 67-68,72-74, 96-97, 99, 102, 105, 111, 122, 124, 126, 128-129, 131, 147, 155, 158, 160, 163, 167, 169, 177-180, 183, 192, 196, 201-204, 207-209, 214, 221, 225, 228-230, 236, 238-239, 241-242, 244-245 concepts, 6, 8, 40, 54-55, 75, 95, 121, 123, 127, 235, 243, 246 doctrine, 1, 41, 194 intervention, 8, 58, 65, 75, 81-84, 98, 106-107, 109, 162, 197-199, 222 next generation light anti-tank weapon (NLAW), 224 Western interventions, 6, 39, 54-55, 68, 95, 222, 236, 238-239, 246 Afghanistan, 2, 65, 69, 72-73, 75,
266 Russia and the Changing Character of Conflict Western interventions Afghanistan (continued), 83-85, 87-88, 200-201, 204, 208-209 Iraq, 2, 8, 53, 64-66, 69, 72-73, 75, 201, 204, 208-209, 235 Kosovo, 83-84 Libya, 2, 8, 53, 72-74, 235 Western Military District, 105, 107, 180 will to resist, 37, 65, 70, 87, 96, 100, 111, 145, 167, 176-177, 218-219, 222-224, 226, 239, 241, 248 undermining, 25, 33, 38-39, 58, 64, 66, 69, 72, 83-84, 95, 99, 110, 130, 155-158, 168, 178, 182, 225, 240 Winter War, 1939, 223 Yegorov, Nikolai, 85 Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of, 57, 235, 238 NATO intervention, 58 See alsoKosovo, Operation Allied Force Yunarmiya, 180, 190 Zapad-2021, 143, 153 See also military exercises Zarudnitsky, Vladimir, 20, 45, 50, 73,79, 136, 141, 150, 152, 167, 178, 186, 189, 194, 208, 211, 217, 225, 232, 243 Zelensky, Volodymyr, 221, 225, 228 zero-sum logic, 19, 32 Zhuravlev, Aleksandr, 107,140 Zolotov, Leonid, 88, 113
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | German, Tracey C. 1971- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1026902630 |
| author_facet | German, Tracey C. 1971- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | German, Tracey C. 1971- |
| author_variant | t c g tc tcg |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV049339288 |
| classification_rvk | MG 85940 ML 7264 ML 6700 |
| contents | Introduction -- The evolution of military thought -- Observing western interventions -- Operational experience in the post-Soviet era -- High-tech futures -- Undermining the will to resist -- All available means? -- Learning the wrong lessons? Russia's 2022 invasion of Ukraine and a return to "traditional" warfare -- Conclusions -- Glossary -- Bibliography -- Index |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1414553154 (DE-599)BVBBV049339288 |
| discipline | Politologie |
| format | Book |
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Russia's 2022 invasion of Ukraine and a return to "traditional" warfare -- Conclusions -- Glossary -- Bibliography -- Index</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1="3" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">"Russia's actions in and around Ukraine in 2014, as well as its activities in Syria and further afield, sparked renewed debate about the character of war and armed conflict, and whether it was undergoing a fundamental shift. Since 2014 there has been wide-ranging discussion about Russia's "new way of war", with labels such as hybrid warfare, grey-zone operations and the Gerasimov doctrine dominating Western analyses. However, there has been scant analysis of Russian perspectives on the changing character of conflict and what future wars may look like: Western attempts to understand how and why Russia uses force have tended to rely upon mirror-imaging and an expectation of similar strategic behaviors. This book explores Russian views of the changing character of conflict and the debates that have emerged about how future wars might evolve. 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| geographic | Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Russland |
| id | DE-604.BV049339288 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-24T09:57:17Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781621966753 9781621966739 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-034599908 |
| oclc_num | 1414553154 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-521 DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-521 DE-12 |
| physical | 268 Seiten 24 cm |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20231220 |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publishDateSearch | 2023 |
| publishDateSort | 2023 |
| publisher | Cambria Press |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Rapid communications in conflict and security series |
| spellingShingle | German, Tracey C. 1971- Russia and the changing character of conflict Introduction -- The evolution of military thought -- Observing western interventions -- Operational experience in the post-Soviet era -- High-tech futures -- Undermining the will to resist -- All available means? -- Learning the wrong lessons? Russia's 2022 invasion of Ukraine and a return to "traditional" warfare -- Conclusions -- Glossary -- Bibliography -- Index Krieg (DE-588)4033114-3 gnd Prognose (DE-588)4047390-9 gnd Theorie (DE-588)4059787-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4033114-3 (DE-588)4047390-9 (DE-588)4059787-8 (DE-588)4076899-5 |
| title | Russia and the changing character of conflict |
| title_auth | Russia and the changing character of conflict |
| title_exact_search | Russia and the changing character of conflict |
| title_full | Russia and the changing character of conflict Tracey German |
| title_fullStr | Russia and the changing character of conflict Tracey German |
| title_full_unstemmed | Russia and the changing character of conflict Tracey German |
| title_short | Russia and the changing character of conflict |
| title_sort | russia and the changing character of conflict |
| topic | Krieg (DE-588)4033114-3 gnd Prognose (DE-588)4047390-9 gnd Theorie (DE-588)4059787-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Krieg Prognose Theorie Russland |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034599908&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034599908&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT germantraceyc russiaandthechangingcharacterofconflict |