Classical Islamic philosophy a thematic introduction
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Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
2022
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Classical Islamic philosophy |b a thematic introduction |c Luis Xavier López-Farjeat |
| 264 | 1 | |a New York ; London |b Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group |c 2022 | |
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| adam_text | Classical Islamic Philosophy
A Thematic Introduct ion
*
Luis Xavier López-Farjeat
Ö Routledge
¡ ¡ ¡ ^ Taylor amp; Francis Croup
NEW YORK AND LONDON
Contents
Acknowledgments
Introduct ion
TheContext
1 The Origins of Islam 6
2 From the First Caliphs (Rashidun,) (632—661) to the
Umayyad Era (661-750) 9
3 The Abbasid Period 14
4 The Transmission of Foreign Knowledge Into Islamic
Lands 17
Further Reading 19
2TheConfigurationofPhilosophy in the Is lamic
Mil ieu: The Translat ion Movement 28
1 The Translation Movement: From Greek Into Syriac Into
Arabic 29
2 Translation of Greek Philosophy into Arabic 32
3 Other Sources for Translators, Translations, and Philosophers:
Miskawayh and Sa id al-Andalusï 39
4 77?e Transmission of Aristotle s Logical Treatises 43
5 The Connection Between Logic and Other Disciplines:
furisprudence and Theology 45
Further Reading 50
3Theologians and Philosopherson Is lamic Reve la t ion 52
1 The Mu tazilites and Rationalism in Islam 54
2 The Ash arites, the MaturidTtes, and the Recovery of the
Tradition 59
3 Religious Issues in Philosophy 65
3 1 al-KindT and the Mu tazilite Theology 66
3 2 al-FäräbT: Understanding Religious Matters
Philosophically 69
3 3 Ibn Sind on God, the Divine Attributes, and
Determinism 12
4 The Controversies Between al-Ghazäti and Ibn Rushd 16
5 A Later Critical Reaction to Philosophy: Ibn Taymiyya 84
Further Reading 81
4 The Classification of the Sciences, Logic, and Language 89
1 The Structure of Sciences and the Methods They Employ 91
1 1 al-Kindi and O n the Quant i ty of Aristotle s
Books 91
1 2 al-FäräbT and the Enumerat ion of the Sciences 96
1 3 The Epistles of the Brethren of Purity 1Ö0
1 4 Ibn Sind and the Epistle on the Divisions of the
Rational Sciences 103
2 Logic and Language 104
2 1 al-FäräbT s Logic and Philosophy of Language 104
2 2 The Aristotelian—FäräbTan—Avicennian Logical
Tradition 101
3 Theory of Argumentation: Dialectic and Demonstration 108
3 1 al-FäräbT on the Proper Methods for Philosophical
Argumentation 109
3 2 Ibn Sind on Philosophical Demonstrations 113
3 3 Ibn Rushd on the Demonstrative Syllogism 111
4 Rhetoric and Poetics 118
4 1 al-FäräbT on Rhetorical Elocutions and Poetic
Images 120
4 2 Ibn Sind on Rhetoric and the Poetic Syllogism 123
4 3 Ibn Rushd on the Art of Persuasion and the Educational
Role of Poetry 125
Further Reading 128
5 Philosophy and the Natural Science 130
1 The Eternity of the World and Creation Ex Nihi lo 132
1 1 Greek Background on the Discussion of the Eternity of
the World 133
1 2 Islamic Approaches to the Creation of the World 134
1 3 al-FäräbT and Ibn Sind on the Eternity of the
World 136
1 4 Ibn Rushd on the Eternity of the World 139
2 Nature and Its Characteristics 143
2 1 Nature as an Active or Passive Principle 144
2 2 Ibn Sina and Nature as First Principle of Motion 146
2 3 Ibn Rushd and Nature as Something Self-Evident 149
2 4 Ibn Rushd Against Ibn Bajja s Views on Motion in the
Void 152
2 5 Non-Aristotelian Views about Nature: Abu Bakr
al-Razi and Fakhr al-Din al-Razi 154
3 The Constitution of the Natural World 156
3 1 Islamic Atomism 157
3 2 Islamic Philosophers Against Atomism 160
3 3 Islamic Philosophers and the Doctrine of Min ima
Naturalia 162
4 The Nature of Living Beings 163
4 1 Atomistic Conceptions of the Soul 164
4 2 Philosophical Approaches to the Soul 165
4 3 al-Farabi and Ibn Sina on the Soul and Its
Faculties 166
4 4 Ibn Bajja and Ibn Rushd on the Soul and Its
Faculties 171
Further Reading 174
Metaphysics in the Islamic Philosophical Context 177
1 The Subject Matter of Metaphysics 179
1 1 From Metaphysics as Theology to Metaphysics as
Ontotheology 179
1 2 Metaphysics of Being or Metaphysics of Substance 181
2 Key Metaphysical Concepts 184
2 1 Thing, Essence, and Existence 185
2 2 SuhrawardT and Ibn Rushd Against Ibn Sina s
Metaphysical Concepts 188
3 Primary and Secondary Causality 192
3 1 Ibn Sina s Innovations on the Understanding of
Causality 193
3 2 Causation and Determinism in Ibn Sina and Ibn
Rushd 196
4 The Metaphysics of God 198
4 1 al-Kindi and al-Farabi on God as First Cause 199
4 2 Ibn Sina s Proofs for the Existence of God 201
4 3 Ibn Rushd s Arguments for the Existence
of God 203
Further Reading 205
7 Psychology and Theories of Cognition 207
1 Theories of the Soul 209
1 1 al-KindT and the Soul as an Incorporeal Substance 209
1 2 al-FarabT on Cosmology, Biology, and the Origin of the
Soul 212
1 3 Ibn STna and SuhrawardT on the Origin of the
Soul 214
1 4 Ibn Bajja and Ibn Rushd on the Nature of the
Soul 220
2 Faculties of the Soul 222
2 1 al-Kindi s Characterization of the Faculties of the
Soul 223
2 2 al-FarabT and the Relevance of the Imaginative
Faculty 226
2 3 Ibn STna and Suhrawardi on Sense Perception 228
2 4 Ibn Bajja and Ibn Rushd on Sense Perception 232
3 Soul, Body, and Self Awareness 235
4 Doctrines on the Intellect 240
4 1 al-Kind s and al-FarabT s Treatises on the Intellect 241
4 2 Ibn Sina on Abstraction Versus Emanationism 246
4 3 Theories of the Intellect in al-Andalus: Ibn Bajja and
Ibn Rushd 249
Further Reading 252
8 Ethics and Political Philosophy 255
1 Islamic Ethics in Theological Context 256
1 1 The Mu tazilites on Moral Values 258
1 2 The Ash arites on Moral Values and Divine
Command Theory 259
2 Philosophical Ethics d nd Human Happiness 261
2 1 al-KindT s and Abu Bakr al-RazT s Ethics 263
2 2 Miskawayh and Islamic Ethics: The Re f inemen t of
Character 265
2 3 al-FarabT on the Nicomachean Ethics: Directing
Attention to the Way to Happiness 268
2 4 Ibn STna on Ethics and Prophetic Law 212
2 5 Ibn Rushd on the Virtues and the Connection Between
Ethics and Politics 275
3 Political Philosophy 278
3 1 al-FarabT on the Different Kinds of Associations 278
3 2 al-FarabT on Political Happiness 281
3 3 An Alternative Way to Happiness: Isolation in Ibn
Bajja and Ibn Tufayl 284
3 4 Ibn Rushd on the Ideal City and the Reality of Political
Regimes 289
4 Politics and Religion 291
4 1 al-FarabT on the Virtuous Ruler and the Virtuous
Religion 291
4 2 Philosophical Theories of Prophecy: al-FarabT, Ibn Sina,
and Ibn Rushd 296
4 3 al-FarabT and Ibn Rushd on Jihad 302
Further Reading 308
Bibliography
Index of Names
Index of Works
Index of Subject
Contents 1 Acknowledgments x Introduction 1 The Context 5 1. The Origins of Islam 6 2. From the First Caliphs (Rāshidūnj (632—661) to the Umayyad Era (661—750) 9 3. The ‘Abbasid Period 14 4. The Transmission of Foreign Knowledge Into Islamic Lands 17 Further Reading 19 2 The Configuration of Philosophy in the Islamic Milieu: The Translation Movement 28 1. The Translation Movement: From Greek Into Syriac Into Arabic 29 2. Translation of Greek Philosophy into Arabic 32 3. Other Sources for Translators, Translations, and Philosophers: Miskawayh and Şa id al-Andalusi 39 4. The Transmission of Aristotle’s Logical Treatises 43 5. The Connection Between Logic and Other Disciplines: Jurisprudence and Theology 45 Further Reading 50 3 Theologians and Philosophers on Islamic Revelation 1. The Mu tazilites and Rationalism in Islam 54 2. The Ash arites, the Māturīdītes, and the Recovery of the Tradition 59 52
vi Contents 3. Religious Issues in Philosophy 65 3.1 al-Kindt and the Mu tazilite Theology 66 3.2 al-Fārābī: Understanding Religious Matters Philosophically 69 3.3 Ibn Sim on God, the Divine Attributes, and Determinism 72 4. The Controversies Between al-Ghazālī and Ibn Rushd 16 5. A Later Critical Reaction to Philosophy: Ibn Taymiyya 84 Further Reading 87 4 The Classification of the Sciences, Logic, and Language 89 1. The Structure of Sciences and the Methods They Employ 91 1.1 al-Kindt and On the Quantity of Aristotle’s Books 91 1.2 al-Fārābī and lhe Enumeration of the Sciences 96 1.3 The Epistles of the Brethren of Purity 100 1.4 Ibn Sím and the Epistle on the Divisions of the Rational Sciences 103 2. Logic and Language 104 2.1 al-Fārābī’s Logic and Philosophy of Language 104 2.2 The Aristotelian—Fārābīan—Avicennian Logical Tradition 107 3. Theory of Argumentation: Dialectic and Demonstration 108 3.1 al-Fārābī on the Proper Methods for Philosophical Argumentation 109 3.2 Ibn Sīnā on Philosophical Demonstrations 113 3.3 Ibn Rushd on the Demonstrative Syllogism 117 4. Rhetoric and Poetics 118 4.1 al-Fārābī on Rhetorical Elocutions and Poetic Images 120 4.2 Ibn Sīnā on Rhetoric and the Poetic Syllogism 123 4.3 Ibn Rushd on the Art of Persuasion and the Educational Role of Poetry 125 Further Reading 128 5 Philosophy and the Natural Science 1. The Eternity of the World and Creation Ex Nihilo 132 1 ■ 1 Greek Background on the Discussion of the Eternity of the World 133 1.2 Islamic Approaches to the Creation of the World 134 1.3 al-Farabī and Ibn Sīnā on the Eternity of the
World 136 1.4 Ibn Rushd on the Eternity of the World 139 130
Contents vii 2. Nature and Its Characteristics 143 2.1 Nature as an Active or Passive Principle 144 2.2 Ibn Sinä and Nature as First Principle of Motion 146 2.3 Ibn Rushd and Nature as Something Self-Evident 149 2.4 Ibn Rushd Against Ibn Bājja’s Views on Motion in the Void 152 2.5 Non-Aristotelian Views about Nature: Abū Bakr al-Rāzī and Fakhr al-Dtn al-Rāzī 154 3. The Constitution of the Natural World 156 3.1 Islamic A tom ism 15 7 3.2 Islamic Philosophers Against Atomism 160 3.3 Islamic Philosophers and the Doctrine of Minima Naturalia 162 4. The Nature of Living Beings 163 4.1 Atomistic Conceptions of the Soul 164 4.2 Philosophical Approaches to the Soul 165 4.3 al-Fārābī and Ibn Sānā on the Soul and Its Faculties 166 4.4 Ibn Bājja and Ibn Rushd on the Soul and Խ Faculties 171 Further Reading 174 6 Metaphysics in the Islamic Philosophical Context 1. The Subject Matter of Metaphysics 179 1.1 From Metaphysics as Theology to Metaphysics as Ontotheology 179 1.2 Metaphysics of Being or Metaphysics of Substance 181 2. Key Metaphysical Concepts 184 2.1 Thing, Essence, and Existence 185 2.2 Suhrawardi and Ibn Rushd Against Ibn Sinä’s Metaphysical Concepts 188 3. Primary and Secondary Causality 192 3.1 Ibn Sind’s Innovations on the Understanding of Causality 193 3.2 Causation and Determinism in Ibn Sind and Ibn Rushd 196 4. The Metaphysics of God 198 4.1 al-Kindi and al-Fdrdbt on God as First Cause 199 4.2 Ibn Sind’s Proofs for the Existence of God 201 4.3 Ibn Rushd’s Arguments for the Existence of God 203 Further Reading 205 177
viii 7 Contents Psychology and Theories of Cognition 1. Theories of the Soul 209 1Л al-Kindī and the Soul as an Incorporeal Substance 209 1.2 al-Fărăbî on Cosmology; Biology, and the Origin of the Soul 212 1.3 Ibn Sīnā and Suhrawardt on the Origin of the Soul 214 1.4 Ibn Bájjá and Ibn Rushd on the Nature of the Soul 220 2. Faculties of the Soul 222 2.1 al-Kindī’s Characterization of the Faculties of the Soul 223 2.2 al-Fārabī and the Relevance of the Imaginative Faculty 226 2.3 Ibn Sīnā and Suhrawardt on Sense Perception 228 2.4 Ibn Bájjá and Ibn Rushd on Sense Perception 232 3. Soul, Body, and Self-Awareness 235 4. Doctrines on the Intellect 240 4.1 al-Kindī’s and al-Fārābī’s Treatises on the Intellect 241 4.2 Ibn Sīnā on Abstraction Versus Emanationism 246 4.3 Theories of the Intellect in al-Andalus: Ibn Bájjá and Ibn Rushd 249 Further Reading 252 8 Ethics and Political Philosophy 1. Islamic Ethics in Theological Context 256 1.1 The Mu tazili tes on Moral Values 258 1.2 The Ash’arites on Moral Values and Divine Command Theory 259 2. Philosophical Ethics and Human Happiness 261 2.1 al-Kindī’s and Abū Bakr al-Razi’s Ethics 263 2.2 Miskawayh and Islamic Ethics: The Refinement of Character 265 2.3 al-Fārābī on the Nicomachean Ethics: Directing Attention to the Way to Happiness 268 2.4 Ibn Sīnā on Ethics and Prophetic Law 212 2.5 Ibn Rushd on the Virtues and the Connection Between Ethics and Politics 215 3. Political Philosophy 278 3.1 al-Fārābī֊ on the Different Kinds of Associations 278 3.2 al-Farabi on Political Happiness 281 3.3 An Alternative Way to Happiness: Isolation
in Ibn Bajja and Ibn Ţufayl 284 3.4 Ibn Rushd on the Ideal City and the Reality of Political Regimes 289
Contents ¡X 4. Politics and Religion 291 4.1 al-Fārābī on the Virtuous Ruler and the Virtuous Religion 291 4.2 Philosophical Theories of Prophecy: al-Fārābī, Ibn Sinä, and Ibn Rushd 296 4.3 al-Fārābī and Ibn Rushd on Jihād 302 Further Reading 308 Bibliography Index of Names Index of Works Index of Subject 311 341 346 352
|
| adam_txt |
Classical Islamic Philosophy
A Thematic Introduct ion
*
Luis Xavier López-Farjeat
Ö Routledge
¡ ¡ ¡ ^ Taylor amp; Francis Croup
NEW YORK AND LONDON
Contents
Acknowledgments
Introduct ion
TheContext
1 The Origins of Islam 6
2 From the First Caliphs (Rashidun,) (632—661) to the
Umayyad Era (661-750) 9
3 The 'Abbasid Period 14
4 The Transmission of Foreign Knowledge Into Islamic
Lands 17
Further Reading 19
2TheConfigurationofPhilosophy in the Is lamic
Mil ieu: The Translat ion Movement 28
1 The Translation Movement: From Greek Into Syriac Into
Arabic 29
2 Translation of Greek Philosophy into Arabic 32
3 Other Sources for Translators, Translations, and Philosophers:
Miskawayh and Sa'id al-Andalusï 39
4 77?e Transmission of Aristotle's Logical Treatises 43
5 The Connection Between Logic and Other Disciplines:
furisprudence and Theology 45
Further Reading 50
3Theologians and Philosopherson Is lamic Reve la t ion 52
1 The Mu tazilites and Rationalism in Islam 54
2 The Ash' arites, the MaturidTtes, and the Recovery of the
Tradition 59
3 Religious Issues in Philosophy 65
3 1 al-KindT and the Mu'tazilite Theology 66
3 2 al-FäräbT: Understanding Religious Matters
Philosophically 69
3 3 Ibn Sind on God, the Divine Attributes, and
Determinism 12
4 The Controversies Between al-Ghazäti and Ibn Rushd 16
5 A Later Critical Reaction to Philosophy: Ibn Taymiyya 84
Further Reading 81
4 The Classification of the Sciences, Logic, and Language 89
1 The Structure of Sciences and the Methods They Employ 91
1 1 al-Kindi and O n the Quant i ty of Aristotle's
Books 91
1 2 al-FäräbT and the Enumerat ion of the Sciences 96
1 3 The Epistles of the Brethren of Purity 1Ö0
1 4 Ibn Sind and the Epistle on the Divisions of the
Rational Sciences 103
2 Logic and Language 104
2 1 al-FäräbT's Logic and Philosophy of Language 104
2 2 The Aristotelian—FäräbTan—Avicennian Logical
Tradition 101
3 Theory of Argumentation: Dialectic and Demonstration 108
3 1 al-FäräbT on the Proper Methods for Philosophical
Argumentation 109
3 2 Ibn Sind on Philosophical Demonstrations 113
3 3 Ibn Rushd on the Demonstrative Syllogism 111
4 Rhetoric and Poetics 118'
4 1 al-FäräbT on Rhetorical Elocutions and Poetic
Images 120
4 2 Ibn Sind on Rhetoric and the Poetic Syllogism 123
4 3 Ibn Rushd on the Art of Persuasion and the Educational
Role of Poetry 125
Further Reading 128
5 Philosophy and the Natural Science 130
1 The Eternity of the World and Creation Ex Nihi lo 132
1 1 Greek Background on the Discussion of the Eternity of
the World 133
1 2 Islamic Approaches to the Creation of the World 134
1 3 al-FäräbT and Ibn Sind on the Eternity of the
World 136
1 4 Ibn Rushd on the Eternity of the World 139
2 Nature and Its Characteristics 143
2 1 Nature as an Active or Passive Principle 144
2 2 Ibn Sina and Nature as First Principle of Motion 146
2 3 Ibn Rushd and Nature as Something Self-Evident 149
2 4 Ibn Rushd Against Ibn Bajja's Views on Motion in the
Void 152
2 5 Non-Aristotelian Views about Nature: Abu Bakr
al-Razi and Fakhr al-Din al-Razi 154
3 The Constitution of the Natural World 156
3 1 Islamic Atomism 157
3 2 Islamic Philosophers Against Atomism 160
3 3 Islamic Philosophers and the Doctrine of Min ima
Naturalia 162
4 The Nature of Living Beings 163
4 1 Atomistic Conceptions of the Soul 164
4 2 Philosophical Approaches to the Soul 165
4 3 al-Farabi and Ibn Sina on the Soul and Its
Faculties 166
4 4 Ibn Bajja and Ibn Rushd on the Soul and Its
Faculties 171
Further Reading 174
Metaphysics in the Islamic Philosophical Context 177
1 The Subject Matter of Metaphysics 179
1 1 From Metaphysics as Theology to Metaphysics as
Ontotheology 179
1 2 Metaphysics of Being or Metaphysics of Substance 181
2 Key Metaphysical Concepts 184
2 1 Thing, Essence, and Existence 185
2 2 SuhrawardT and Ibn Rushd Against Ibn Sina's
Metaphysical Concepts 188
3 Primary and Secondary Causality 192
3 1 Ibn Sina's Innovations on the Understanding of
Causality 193
3 2 Causation and Determinism in Ibn Sina and Ibn
Rushd 196
4 The Metaphysics of God 198
4 1 al-Kindi and al-Farabi on God as First Cause 199
4 2 Ibn Sina's Proofs for the Existence of God 201
4 3 Ibn Rushd's Arguments for the Existence
of God 203
Further Reading 205
7 Psychology and Theories of Cognition 207
1 Theories of the Soul 209
1 1 al-KindT and the Soul as an Incorporeal Substance 209
1 2 al-FarabT on Cosmology, Biology, and the Origin of the
Soul 212
1 3 Ibn STna and SuhrawardT on the Origin of the
Soul 214
1 4 Ibn Bajja and Ibn Rushd on the Nature of the
Soul 220
2 Faculties of the Soul 222
2 1 al-Kindi's Characterization of the Faculties of the
Soul 223
2 2 al-FarabT and the Relevance of the Imaginative
Faculty 226
2 3 Ibn STna and Suhrawardi on Sense Perception 228
2 4 Ibn Bajja and Ibn Rushd on Sense Perception 232
3 Soul, Body, and Self Awareness 235
4 Doctrines on the Intellect 240
4 1 al-Kind\'s and al-FarabT's Treatises on the Intellect 241
4 2 Ibn Sina on Abstraction Versus Emanationism 246
4 3 Theories of the Intellect in al-Andalus: Ibn Bajja and
Ibn Rushd 249
Further Reading 252
8 Ethics and Political Philosophy 255
1 Islamic Ethics in Theological Context 256
1 1 The Mu tazilites on Moral Values 258
1 2 The Ash'arites on Moral Values and Divine
Command Theory 259
2 Philosophical Ethics d'nd Human Happiness 261
2 1 al-KindT's and Abu Bakr al-RazT's Ethics 263
2 2 Miskawayh and Islamic Ethics: The Re f inemen t of
Character 265
2 3 al-FarabT on the Nicomachean Ethics: Directing
Attention to the Way to Happiness 268
2 4 Ibn STna on Ethics and Prophetic Law 212
2 5 Ibn Rushd on the Virtues and the Connection Between
Ethics and Politics 275
3 Political Philosophy 278
3 1 al-FarabT on the Different Kinds of Associations 278
3 2 al-FarabT on Political Happiness 281
3 3 An Alternative Way to Happiness: Isolation in Ibn
Bajja and Ibn Tufayl 284
3 4 Ibn Rushd on the Ideal City and the Reality of Political
Regimes 289
4 Politics and Religion 291
4 1 al-FarabT on the Virtuous Ruler and the Virtuous
Religion 291
4 2 Philosophical Theories of Prophecy: al-FarabT, Ibn Sina,
and Ibn Rushd 296
4 3 al-FarabT and Ibn Rushd on Jihad 302
Further Reading 308
Bibliography
Index of Names
Index of Works
Index of Subject
Contents 1 Acknowledgments x Introduction 1 The Context 5 1. The Origins of Islam 6 2. From the First Caliphs (Rāshidūnj (632—661) to the Umayyad Era (661—750) 9 3. The ‘Abbasid Period 14 4. The Transmission of Foreign Knowledge Into Islamic Lands 17 Further Reading 19 2 The Configuration of Philosophy in the Islamic Milieu: The Translation Movement 28 1. The Translation Movement: From Greek Into Syriac Into Arabic 29 2. Translation of Greek Philosophy into Arabic 32 3. Other Sources for Translators, Translations, and Philosophers: Miskawayh and Şa'id al-Andalusi 39 4. The Transmission of Aristotle’s Logical Treatises 43 5. The Connection Between Logic and Other Disciplines: Jurisprudence and Theology 45 Further Reading 50 3 Theologians and Philosophers on Islamic Revelation 1. The Mu' tazilites and Rationalism in Islam 54 2. The Ash' arites, the Māturīdītes, and the Recovery of the Tradition 59 52
vi Contents 3. Religious Issues in Philosophy 65 3.1 al-Kindt and the Mu tazilite Theology 66 3.2 al-Fārābī: Understanding Religious Matters Philosophically 69 3.3 Ibn Sim on God, the Divine Attributes, and Determinism 72 4. The Controversies Between al-Ghazālī and Ibn Rushd 16 5. A Later Critical Reaction to Philosophy: Ibn Taymiyya 84 Further Reading 87 4 The Classification of the Sciences, Logic, and Language 89 1. The Structure of Sciences and the Methods They Employ 91 1.1 al-Kindt and On the Quantity of Aristotle’s Books 91 1.2 al-Fārābī and lhe Enumeration of the Sciences 96 1.3 The Epistles of the Brethren of Purity 100 1.4 Ibn Sím and the Epistle on the Divisions of the Rational Sciences 103 2. Logic and Language 104 2.1 al-Fārābī’s Logic and Philosophy of Language 104 2.2 The Aristotelian—Fārābīan—Avicennian Logical Tradition 107 3. Theory of Argumentation: Dialectic and Demonstration 108 3.1 al-Fārābī on the Proper Methods for Philosophical Argumentation 109 3.2 Ibn Sīnā on Philosophical Demonstrations 113 3.3 Ibn Rushd on the Demonstrative Syllogism 117 4. Rhetoric and Poetics 118 4.1 al-Fārābī on Rhetorical Elocutions and Poetic Images 120 4.2 Ibn Sīnā on Rhetoric and the Poetic Syllogism 123 4.3 Ibn Rushd on the Art of Persuasion and the Educational Role of Poetry 125 Further Reading 128 5 Philosophy and the Natural Science 1. The Eternity of the World and Creation Ex Nihilo 132 1 ■ 1 Greek Background on the Discussion of the Eternity of the World 133 1.2 Islamic Approaches to the Creation of the World 134 1.3 al-Farabī and Ibn Sīnā on the Eternity of the
World 136 1.4 Ibn Rushd on the Eternity of the World 139 130
Contents vii 2. Nature and Its Characteristics 143 2.1 Nature as an Active or Passive Principle 144 2.2 Ibn Sinä and Nature as First Principle of Motion 146 2.3 Ibn Rushd and Nature as Something Self-Evident 149 2.4 Ibn Rushd Against Ibn Bājja’s Views on Motion in the Void 152 2.5 Non-Aristotelian Views about Nature: Abū Bakr al-Rāzī and Fakhr al-Dtn al-Rāzī 154 3. The Constitution of the Natural World 156 3.1 Islamic A tom ism 15 7 3.2 Islamic Philosophers Against Atomism 160 3.3 Islamic Philosophers and the Doctrine of Minima Naturalia 162 4. The Nature of Living Beings 163 4.1 Atomistic Conceptions of the Soul 164 4.2 Philosophical Approaches to the Soul 165 4.3 al-Fārābī and Ibn Sānā on the Soul and Its Faculties 166 4.4 Ibn Bājja and Ibn Rushd on the Soul and Խ Faculties 171 Further Reading 174 6 Metaphysics in the Islamic Philosophical Context 1. The Subject Matter of Metaphysics 179 1.1 From Metaphysics as Theology to Metaphysics as Ontotheology 179 1.2 Metaphysics of Being or Metaphysics of Substance 181 2. Key Metaphysical Concepts 184 2.1 Thing, Essence, and Existence 185 2.2 Suhrawardi and Ibn Rushd Against Ibn Sinä’s Metaphysical Concepts 188 3. Primary and Secondary Causality 192 3.1 Ibn Sind’s Innovations on the Understanding of Causality 193 3.2 Causation and Determinism in Ibn Sind and Ibn Rushd 196 4. The Metaphysics of God 198 4.1 al-Kindi and al-Fdrdbt on God as First Cause 199 4.2 Ibn Sind’s Proofs for the Existence of God 201 4.3 Ibn Rushd’s Arguments for the Existence of God 203 Further Reading 205 177
viii 7 Contents Psychology and Theories of Cognition 1. Theories of the Soul 209 1Л al-Kindī and the Soul as an Incorporeal Substance 209 1.2 al-Fărăbî on Cosmology; Biology, and the Origin of the Soul 212 1.3 Ibn Sīnā and Suhrawardt on the Origin of the Soul 214 1.4 Ibn Bájjá and Ibn Rushd on the Nature of the Soul 220 2. Faculties of the Soul 222 2.1 al-Kindī’s Characterization of the Faculties of the Soul 223 2.2 al-Fārabī and the Relevance of the Imaginative Faculty 226 2.3 Ibn Sīnā and Suhrawardt on Sense Perception 228 2.4 Ibn Bájjá and Ibn Rushd on Sense Perception 232 3. Soul, Body, and Self-Awareness 235 4. Doctrines on the Intellect 240 4.1 al-Kindī’s and al-Fārābī’s Treatises on the Intellect 241 4.2 Ibn Sīnā on Abstraction Versus Emanationism 246 4.3 Theories of the Intellect in al-Andalus: Ibn Bájjá and Ibn Rushd 249 Further Reading 252 8 Ethics and Political Philosophy 1. Islamic Ethics in Theological Context 256 1.1 The Mu' tazili tes on Moral Values 258 1.2 The Ash’arites on Moral Values and Divine Command Theory 259 2. Philosophical Ethics and Human Happiness 261 2.1 al-Kindī’s and Abū Bakr al-Razi’s Ethics 263 2.2 Miskawayh and Islamic Ethics: The Refinement of Character 265 2.3 al-Fārābī on the Nicomachean Ethics: Directing Attention to the Way to Happiness 268 2.4 Ibn Sīnā on Ethics and Prophetic Law 212 2.5 Ibn Rushd on the Virtues and the Connection Between Ethics and Politics 215 3. Political Philosophy 278 3.1 al-Fārābī֊ on the Different Kinds of Associations 278 3.2 al-Farabi on Political Happiness 281 3.3 An Alternative Way to Happiness: Isolation
in Ibn Bajja and Ibn Ţufayl 284 3.4 Ibn Rushd on the Ideal City and the Reality of Political Regimes 289
Contents ¡X 4. Politics and Religion 291 4.1 al-Fārābī on the Virtuous Ruler and the Virtuous Religion 291 4.2 Philosophical Theories of Prophecy: al-Fārābī, Ibn Sinä, and Ibn Rushd 296 4.3 al-Fārābī and Ibn Rushd on Jihād 302 Further Reading 308 Bibliography Index of Names Index of Works Index of Subject 311 341 346 352 |
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| index_date | 2024-07-03T18:40:05Z |
| indexdate | 2024-09-27T16:47:09Z |
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| isbn | 9781138229488 1138229482 9781138229471 |
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| spellingShingle | López Farjeat, Luis Xavier Classical Islamic philosophy a thematic introduction Islamische Philosophie (DE-588)4137531-2 gnd |
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| title | Classical Islamic philosophy a thematic introduction |
| title_auth | Classical Islamic philosophy a thematic introduction |
| title_exact_search | Classical Islamic philosophy a thematic introduction |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Classical Islamic philosophy a thematic introduction |
| title_full | Classical Islamic philosophy a thematic introduction Luis Xavier López-Farjeat |
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| title_short | Classical Islamic philosophy |
| title_sort | classical islamic philosophy a thematic introduction |
| title_sub | a thematic introduction |
| topic | Islamische Philosophie (DE-588)4137531-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Islamische Philosophie Einführung |
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