Early Utilitarians lives and ideals
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[2021]
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contents 1 Introduction 1 2 Shaftesbury 2.1 Where to Start?................................................................................... 2.2 Lord Shaftesbury ............................................................................... 2.3 Shaftesbury s Life and Times............................................................. 2.4 Leveling Down?................................................................................... 2.5 Was Shaftesbury a Utilitarian?.......................................................... 3 3 4 6 7 7 3 Hutcheson 3.1 The First Utilitarian............................................................................ 3.2 The Scottish Enlightenment................................................................ 3.3 Hutcheson’s Life and Times................................................................ 3.4 The Moral Sense................................................................................... 3.5 Utopia? ............................................................................................... 9 9 9 10 11 15 4 Helvétius 4.1 De L Esprit............................................................................................ 4.2 Les Philosophes................................................................................... 4.3 Personal Morality or PublicPolicy?...................................................... 4.4 Act or Rule Utilitarianism?................................................................ 4.5 Helvétius’s Life ................................................................................... 17 17 17
19 20 20 5 Hume 5.1 Hume’s Life.......................................... 5.2 Utility.................................................................................................. 5.3 Sympathy and Empathy...................................................................... 5.4 Convention............................................................................................ 23 23 24 26 26 6 Beccaria 6.1 Crime and Punishment...................................................................... 6.2 Still Worth Reading............................................................................. 6.3 Enforcement......................................................................................... 6.4 Beccaria s Life and Times................................................................... 29 29 29 30 30 vii
viii CONTENTS 7 Godwin 7.1 Physician, Heal Thyself!...................................................................... 7.2 Political Justice.................................................................................. 7.3 Godwin s Life ..................................................................................... 33 33 33 34 8 Bentham 8.1 Bentham and Mill? ............................................................................ 8.2 Termites and Moths............................................................................ 8.3 Bentham’s Foundations...................................................................... 8.4 Bentham’s Life...................................................................................... 8.5 Bentham’s Unfinished Agenda .......................................................... 39 39 39 41 44 45 9 Mill 9.1 Successor to Bentham......................................................................... 9.2 Utilitarianism and Liberty................................................................... 9.3 Mill s Obituary of Bentham................................................................ 47 47 48 49 10 Jevons 10.1 Cardinal Utility?.................................................................................. 10.2 Jevon s Life......................................................................................... 10.3 Summary............................................................................................... 51 51 53 54 11 Sidgwick 11.1 Termite or
Moth?............................................................................... 11.2 What Kind of Hedonism?................................................................... 11.3 Sidgwick s Life and Times................................................................... 55 55 56 57 12 Edgeworth 12.1 Irish Polymath...................................................................................... 12.2 Fair Taxation ...................................................................................... 12.3 Edgeworth’s Life.................................................................................. 59 59 60 61 13 Hare 13.1 Utilitarianism in Retreat...................................................................... 13.2 Preference Utilitarianism ................................................................... 13.3 Prescriptivity......................................................................................... 13.4 Universalizability.................................................................................. 13.5 Hare s Life............................................................................................ 63 63 64 64 66 67 14 Rawls 14.1 Rawls a Utilitarian?............................................................................ 14.2 Reflective Equilibrium......................................................................... 14.3 Original Position.................................................................................. 14.4 Why Maximin? ...................................................................................
14.5 Deducing Utilitarianism...................................................................... 14.6 Bentham’s Unfinished Agenda .......................................................... 14.7 Gentleman and Scholar...................................................................... 69 69 70 71 73 74 75 76
CONTENTS ix 14.8 Naturalizing Rawls..................................................................................... 76 15 Harsanyi 15.1 Crying in the Wilderness?........................................................................ 15.2 Neoclassical Cardinal Utility.................................................................... 15.3 Two Defenses of Utilitarianism.............................................................. 15.4 Interpersonal Comparison........................................................................ 15.5 Harsanyi Doctrine? ................................................................................. 15.6 Harsanyi s Life........................................................................................... 15.7 Bentham s Unfinished Agenda .............................................................. 79 79 81 83 85 86 88 89 Further Reading 91 Index 93
People who put the public good before their own self interest have been admired throughout history. But what is the public good? Sages and prophets who think they know better what is good for us than we know ourselves held sway on this subject for more than two thousand years. The world had to wait for the Enlightenment that burst upon the world in the eighteenth century for an ac count of the public good free from the prejudices of the privileged classes. Utilitarianism is our name for this new way of thinking about morality. Francis Hutcheson encapsulated its aims by inventing its catchphrase “The greatest happiness for the greatest number” fifty years before Jeremy Bentham, to whom the slogan is usually attributed. But what is happiness? Why did Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill prefer to speak of utility? How did economists develop this notion? Does it really make sense to compare the utilities of different people? Bob may complain more than Alice in the dentist’s chair, but is he really suffering more? Why should I put the sum of everybody’s utility before my own utility? This short book asks how such questions arose from the social and political realities of the times in which the early utilitarians lived. Nobody need fear being crushed by heavy metaphysical reasoning or incomprehensible algebra when this story is told. This book argues that the answers to all the questions that the early utilitarians found so difficult are transparent when we stand upon their shoulders to look back upon their work The problem for the early utili tarians was to free themselves
from the prejudices of their time. The lesson for us is perhaps that we too need to free ourselves from the prejudices of our own time.
|
| adam_txt |
Contents 1 Introduction 1 2 Shaftesbury 2.1 Where to Start?. 2.2 Lord Shaftesbury . 2.3 Shaftesbury's Life and Times. 2.4 Leveling Down?. 2.5 Was Shaftesbury a Utilitarian?. 3 3 4 6 7 7 3 Hutcheson 3.1 The First Utilitarian. 3.2 The Scottish Enlightenment. 3.3 Hutcheson’s Life and Times. 3.4 The Moral Sense. 3.5 Utopia? . 9 9 9 10 11 15 4 Helvétius 4.1 De L'Esprit. 4.2 Les Philosophes. 4.3 Personal Morality or PublicPolicy?. 4.4 Act or Rule Utilitarianism?. 4.5 Helvétius’s Life . 17 17 17
19 20 20 5 Hume 5.1 Hume’s Life. 5.2 Utility. 5.3 Sympathy and Empathy. 5.4 Convention. 23 23 24 26 26 6 Beccaria 6.1 Crime and Punishment. 6.2 Still Worth Reading. 6.3 Enforcement. 6.4 Beccaria's Life and Times. 29 29 29 30 30 vii
viii CONTENTS 7 Godwin 7.1 Physician, Heal Thyself!. 7.2 Political Justice. 7.3 Godwin's Life . 33 33 33 34 8 Bentham 8.1 Bentham and Mill? . 8.2 Termites and Moths. 8.3 Bentham’s Foundations. 8.4 Bentham’s Life. 8.5 Bentham’s Unfinished Agenda . 39 39 39 41 44 45 9 Mill 9.1 Successor to Bentham. 9.2 Utilitarianism and Liberty. 9.3 Mill's Obituary of Bentham. 47 47 48 49 10 Jevons 10.1 Cardinal Utility?. 10.2 Jevon's Life. 10.3 Summary. 51 51 53 54 11 Sidgwick 11.1 Termite or
Moth?. 11.2 What Kind of Hedonism?. 11.3 Sidgwick's Life and Times. 55 55 56 57 12 Edgeworth 12.1 Irish Polymath. 12.2 Fair Taxation . 12.3 Edgeworth’s Life. 59 59 60 61 13 Hare 13.1 Utilitarianism in Retreat. 13.2 Preference Utilitarianism . 13.3 Prescriptivity. 13.4 Universalizability. 13.5 Hare's Life. 63 63 64 64 66 67 14 Rawls 14.1 Rawls a Utilitarian?. 14.2 Reflective Equilibrium. 14.3 Original Position. 14.4 Why Maximin? .
14.5 Deducing Utilitarianism. 14.6 Bentham’s Unfinished Agenda . 14.7 Gentleman and Scholar. 69 69 70 71 73 74 75 76
CONTENTS ix 14.8 Naturalizing Rawls. 76 15 Harsanyi 15.1 Crying in the Wilderness?. 15.2 Neoclassical Cardinal Utility. 15.3 Two Defenses of Utilitarianism. 15.4 Interpersonal Comparison. 15.5 Harsanyi Doctrine? . 15.6 Harsanyi's Life. 15.7 Bentham's Unfinished Agenda . 79 79 81 83 85 86 88 89 Further Reading 91 Index 93
People who put the public good before their own self interest have been admired throughout history. But what is the public good? Sages and prophets who think they know better what is good for us than we know ourselves held sway on this subject for more than two thousand years. The world had to wait for the Enlightenment that burst upon the world in the eighteenth century for an ac count of the public good free from the prejudices of the privileged classes. Utilitarianism is our name for this new way of thinking about morality. Francis Hutcheson encapsulated its aims by inventing its catchphrase “The greatest happiness for the greatest number” fifty years before Jeremy Bentham, to whom the slogan is usually attributed. But what is happiness? Why did Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill prefer to speak of utility? How did economists develop this notion? Does it really make sense to compare the utilities of different people? Bob may complain more than Alice in the dentist’s chair, but is he really suffering more? Why should I put the sum of everybody’s utility before my own utility? This short book asks how such questions arose from the social and political realities of the times in which the early utilitarians lived. Nobody need fear being crushed by heavy metaphysical reasoning or incomprehensible algebra when this story is told. This book argues that the answers to all the questions that the early utilitarians found so difficult are transparent when we stand upon their shoulders to look back upon their work The problem for the early utili tarians was to free themselves
from the prejudices of their time. The lesson for us is perhaps that we too need to free ourselves from the prejudices of our own time. |
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| index_date | 2024-07-03T17:33:14Z |
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| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9783030745820 |
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| spelling | Binmore, Ken 1940- Verfasser (DE-588)113051034 aut Early Utilitarians lives and ideals Kenneth Binmore Cham Springer [2021] ix, 95 Seiten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Utilitarismus (DE-588)4137512-9 gnd rswk-swf Utilitarismus (DE-588)4137512-9 s DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-3-030-74583-7 Digitalisierung UB Augsburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032739809&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Augsburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032739809&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
| spellingShingle | Binmore, Ken 1940- Early Utilitarians lives and ideals Utilitarismus (DE-588)4137512-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4137512-9 |
| title | Early Utilitarians lives and ideals |
| title_auth | Early Utilitarians lives and ideals |
| title_exact_search | Early Utilitarians lives and ideals |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Early Utilitarians lives and ideals |
| title_full | Early Utilitarians lives and ideals Kenneth Binmore |
| title_fullStr | Early Utilitarians lives and ideals Kenneth Binmore |
| title_full_unstemmed | Early Utilitarians lives and ideals Kenneth Binmore |
| title_short | Early Utilitarians |
| title_sort | early utilitarians lives and ideals |
| title_sub | lives and ideals |
| topic | Utilitarismus (DE-588)4137512-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Utilitarismus |
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