Doctrine geopolitice arhitectura puterii în sistemul internaţional
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Cuprins 1. Introducere......................................................................................................7 2. Geopolitica angio-americană.....................................................................23 2.1. Pivotul geografic al istoriei şi logica relaţiilor de putere la Halford Mackinder............................................................................ 36 2.2. Bazele puterii maritime a statelor în concepţia lui Alfred T. Mahan...............................................................................53 2.3. Strategii de proiecţie a forţei navale în plan internaţional (Julian Corbett)......................................................................................68 2.4. Concepte fundamentale în gândirea geostrategica a lui Zbigniew Brzeziński................................................................... 83 2.5. Politica de putere şi logica războiului la Nicholas Spykman....... 100 2.6. Relevanţa geopolitică a interconectării spaţiilor globale (Saul Cohen)..........................................................................................117 2.7. Dominaţia spaţiilor aeriene şi rolul aviaţiei militare (Alexander de Seversky)..................................................................... 131 3. Şcoala germană de geopolitică................................................................. 139 3.1. Dimensiuni (etno)spaţiale în gândirea lui Friedrich Ratzel...............170 3.2. Bazele pan-regionalismului la Karl Haushofer..................................186 4. Şcoala geopolitică
rusă............................................................................. 203 4.1. Viziunea geopolitică a lui Aleksandr Dughin.................................... 209 4.2. Eurasianism vs. Neoeurasianism........................................................ 212 4.3. Ce este a patra teorie politică?............................................................ 225 4.4. Discursul geopolitic rus şi tentaţiile propagandei............................. 229 5. Concluzii..................................................................................................... 237 6. Summary..................................................................................................... 247 7 Bibliografie................................................................................................... 253 8. Index.............................................................................................................271
7· Bibliografie Arhive I. Arhiva Consiliului Naţional pentru Studierea Arhivelor Securi tăţii (C.N.S.A.S.), Bucureşti. - A.C.N.S.A.S., D 011474, fila 130 (Sinteză privind mişcarea hitle rista din România: buletine informative despre acţiunea germană în România). - A.C.N.S.A.S., D 012677, voi. 7, fila 184-185 (Relaţii romàno-ger mane: note, rapoarte, extrase din ziare). II. Das politische Archiv des Auswärtigen Amtes (Arhiva politică a Ministerului German de Externe). - PA AA, Bukarest 31, Die sozialwirtschaftliche Lage Groß britanniens, Pol. II, 1173. - PA AA, Bukarest 54, Dosar 46/2 nepaginat, nedatat, Bericht, An die Deutsche Gesandschaft Bukarest. Reviste de specialitate 1 .Annals ofthe Association ofAmerican Geographers, voi. 81, nr. 4/ 1991 (Cohen Saul, „Global Geopolitical Change in the Post-Cold War Era”). 2. Bulletin of the American Geographical Society, voi. 36, 1904 (Churchill Semple Ellen, „Tributes to Friedrich Ratzel”). 3. Foreign Affairs, voi. 91, nr. 1/2012 (Brzeziński Zbigniew, „Balancing the East, Upgrading the West: U.S. Grand Strategy in an Age of Upheaval”). 4. Donaueuropa. Zeitschrift für die Probleme des europäischen Südostens, Budapest, Jahrgang 1, Heft 2, Societas Carpatho-Danubiana Verlag, 1941 (Kogutowicz Karl, „Die neuesten Gebietsveränderungen in Südosteuropa”).
254 MIHAI A. PANU 5. Geographical Review, vol. 61, nr. 1/1971 (Cohen Saul, Rosenthal Lewis, „А Geographical Model for Political Systems Analysis”). 6. Geographical Review, voi. 32, nr. 4/1942 (Bowman Isaiah, „Geography vs. Geopolitics”). 7. Geographische Zeitschrift, 80. Jahrgang, 3/1992 (Müller Gerhard, „Zur Geschichte des Begriffs Anthropogeographie”). 8. Hérodote. Revue de Géographie et de Géopolitique, 3/2012 (Douzet Frederick, Kaplan David, „La géopolitique dans le monde anglo-américain”). 9. International Affairs, vol. 72, nr. 3/1996 (Smith Anthony, „Culture, Community and Territory: The Politics of Ethnicity and Nationalism”). 10. International Security, voi. 17, nr. 4/1993 (Huntington Samuel, „Why International Primacy Matters”). 11. Journal of Historical Geography, 47/2015 (Barnes Trevor, Abrahamsson Christian, „Tangled complicities and moral struggles: the Haushofers, father and son, and the spaces of Nazi geopolitics”). 12. Journal of Military and Strategic Studies, voi. 6, 3/2004 (Sprance William, „The Russo-Japanese War: The Emergence of Japanese Imperial Power”). 13. Millennium: Journal ofInternational Studies, voi. 10, nr. 3/1981 (Smith Anthony, „States and Homelands: The Social and Geopolitical Implications of National Territory”). 14. Neue Politische Literatur, որ. 43/1998 (Osterhammel Jürgen, „Die Wiederkehr des Raumes: Geopolitik, Geohistorie und historische Geographie”). 15. The American Political Science Review, voi. 32, որ. 1/1938 (Spykman Nicholas, „Geography and Foreign Policy”). 16. The Geographic Journal, voi. XXIII, որ. 4/1904 (Mackinder Halford,
„The Geographic Pivot of History”). 17. The Russian Review, voi. 68, nr. 4/ 2009 (Shekhovtsov Anton, Umland Andreas, „Is Aleksandr Dugin a Traditionalist? Neo-Eurasianism and Perennial Philosophy”). 18. The Western Political Quarterly, voi. 9, nr. 3/1956 (Meinig Donald, „Heartland and Rimland in Eurasian History”).
DOCTRINE GEOPOLITICE. ARHITECTURA PUTERII ÎN SISTEMUL INTERNAŢIONAL 255 19. IFor/J Politics, voi. 44, nr. 2/1992 (Schweller Randall, „Domestic Structure and Preventive War: Are Democracies More Pacific?”)· 20. World Politics, voi. 4, nr. 3/1952 (Fumiss Edgar, „The Contri bution of Nicholas John Spykman to the Study of International Politics”). 21. Zeitschrift für Geopolitik, 1 Jahrgang, Heft, 8, Berlin, Kurt Vowinckel Verlag, 1924 (Lautensach Hermann, „Geopolitik und Staatsbürgerliche Bildung”). Cărţi 1. Agnew, John (et al.), A Companion to Political Geography, Maiden, Blackwell Publishers, 2003. 2. Agnew, John; Muscarà, Luca, Making Political Geography, Lanham, Rowman Littlefield, 2012. 3. Agnew, John (et al.), The Wiley Blackwell Companion to Political Geography, Chichester, Blackwell, 2015. 4. Allen, Harry, Great Britain and the United States. A history of Anglo-American relations (1783-1952), New York, St. Martin’s Press, 1955. 5. Almond, Gabriel; Verba, Sidney, The Civic Culture. Political Attitudes and Democracy in Five Nations, Newbury Park, Sage Publications, 1989. 6. Al-Rodhan, Nayef, Meta-geopolitics ofOuter Space. An Analysis of Space Power, Security and Governance, New York, Pal grave Macmillan, 2012. 7. Al-Rodhan, Nayef, Neo-statecraft and Meta-geopolitics: Recon ciliation of Power, Interests and Justice in the 21st Century, Münster, LIT Verlag, 2009. 8. Appel, Johann, Deutsche Kolonien. Die Forderung des Dritten Reiches, Berlin, Paul Hochmuth Verlag, 1942. 9. Aristotle, The Politics, London, Penguin Books, 1981. 10. Armitage, Michael; Mason, Richard, Air
Power in the Nuclear Age, 1945-82. Theory and Practice, London, Macmillan, 1983.
256 МИША. PANU 11. Atkinson David, Dodds, Klaus (eds.), Geopolitical Traditions: A Century of Geopolitical Thought, London, Routledge, 2002. 12. Bailey, Thomas, A Diplomatic History ofthe American People, Third Edition, New York, F.S. Crofts Co., 1947. 13. Banse, Ewald, Germany Prepares for War. A Nazi Theory of National Defence, New York, Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1934. 14. Barth Fredrik (et al.), One Discipline, Four Ways: British, German, French, and American Anthropology, University of Chicago Press, 2005. 15. Bassin, Mark; Glebov, Sergey; Lamelle, Marlene (eds.), Between Europe and Asia. The Origins, Theories and Legacies of Russian Eurasianism, Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Press, 2015. 16. Bauer, Markus; Rahn, Thomas (Herausgeber), Die Grenze: Begriff und Inszenierung, Berlin, Akademie Verlag, 1997. 17. Bew, John, Realpolitik. A History, New York, Oxford University Press, 2016. 18. Blacksell, Mark, Political Geography, London, Routledge, 2006. 19. Blouet, Brian, Geopolitics and Globalization in the Twentieth Century, London, Reaktion Books, 2001. 20. Blouet, Brian, Global Geostrategy. Mackinder and the Defence of the West, London, Frank Cass, 2005. 21. Blum, Otto, Der Südosten verkehrspolitisch betrachtet, Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1941. 1. Bogart, Ludlow Ernest, Direct and Indirect Costs of the Great World War, New York, Oxford University Press, 1920. 2. Bogart, Ludlow Ernest, War Costs and Their Financing, New York, Appleton and Company, 1921. 3. Bowman, Isaiah, Problems in Political Geography, Vol. I, Jaipur, Printwell Publishers, 1989. 4. Bowman, Isaiah,
The New World. Problems in Political Geography, New York, World Book Company, 1921. 5. Boyne Walter (eds.), Air Warfare. An International Encyclo pedia, Santa Barbara, ABC-Clio, 2002. 6. Braden, Kathleen; Shelley, Fred, Engaging Geopolitics, New York, Routledge, 2014.
DOCTRINE GEOPOLITICE. ARHITECTURA PUTERII IN SISTEMUL INTERNAŢIONAL 257 7. Bradford, James, America, Sea Power and the World, Wiley Blackwell, 2016. 8. Brannon, Robert, Russian Civil-Military Relations, London, Routledge, 2016. 9. Brassey, Thomas (ed.), Naval Annual, Portsmouth, Griffin Co, 1903. 10. Brassey, Thomas (ed.), Naval Annual, Portsmouth, Griffin Co, 1912. 11. Bridge, Cyprian, Sea-Power and Other Studies, London, Smith, Elder Co, 1910. 12. Bridge, Cyprian, The Art of Naval Warfare, London, Smith, Elder Co., 1907. 13. Brzeziński, Zbigniew, Between Two Ages. America’s Role in the Technetronic Era, New York, The Viking Press, 1970. 14. Brzeziński, Zbigniew, Die einzige Weltmacht. Amerikas Strategie der Vorherrschaft, Frankfurt am Main, Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, 2001. 15. Brzeziński Zbigniew, Second Change. Three Presidents and the Crisis ofAmerican Superpower, New York, Basic Books, 2007. 16. Brzeziński, Zbigniew, Strategic Vision: America and the Crisis of Global Power, New York, Basic Books, 2012. 17. Brzeziński, Zbigniew, The Geostrategic Triad. Living with China, Europe and Russia, Washington, CSIS Press, 2001. 18. Brzeziński, Zbigniew, The Grand Chessboard. American Primacy and Its Geostrategic Imperatives, New York, Basic Books, 1997. 19. Burke, Edmund, Reflections on the French Revolution, London, Dent Sons Ltd., 1951. 20. Bums, Cecil, The Morality ofNations. An Essay on the Theory ofPolitics, London, University of London Press, 1915. 21. Castex, Raoul, Theories Stratégique, Vol. II, Newport, Naval War College, 1939. 22. Chapman, Bert, Geopolitics. A Guide
to the Issues, Santa Barbara, Praeger, 2011. 23. Chodakiewicz, Marek Jan, Intermarium: The Land between the Black and Baltic Seas, New Brunswick, Transaction Publishers, 2012.
258 МИША. PANU 24. Clausewitz, Carl von, Vom Kriege, Berlin, Ferd. Dümmlers Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1905. 25. Clover, Charles, Black Wind, White Snow: The Rise ofRussia’s New Nationalism, New Haven, Yale University Press, 2016. 26. Cohen, Saul, Geopolitics ofthe World System, Lanham, Rowman Littlefield, 2003. 27. Cohen, Saul, Geopolitics. The Geography of International Relations, London, Rowman Littlefield, 2015. 28. Colonomos, Ariel, The Gamble of War. Is It Possible to Justify Preventive War? New York, Paigrave Macmillan, 2013. 29. Corbett, Julian (ed.), Fighting Instructions, London, Navy Records Society, 1905. 30. Corbett, Julian (ed.), Naval and Military Essays, Cambridge University Press, 1914. 31. Corbett, Julian, Principles of Maritime Strategy, New York, Courier Corporation, 2012. 32. Corbett, Julian, The Spectre of Navalism, London, Darling Son Limited, 1915. 33. Coudenhove-Kalergi Richard, Pan-Europa, Wien, Pan-EuropaVerlag, 1923. 34. Cox, Kevin (et al.), The SAGE Handbook ofPolitical Geography, Los Angeles, SAGE Publications, 2008. 35. Cullen, Jim, The American Dream. A Short History of an Idea that Shaped a Nation, Oxford University Press, 2003. 36. Diehl, Paul, A Road Map to War. Territorial Dimensions of International Conflict, Nashville, Vanderbilt University Press, 1999. 37. Dikshit, Ramesh Dutta, Political Geography. The Spatiality of Politics, Third Edition, New Dehli, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing, 1999. 38. Diner, Dan, Beyond the Conceivable: Studies on Germany, Nazism, and the Holocaust, Berkeley, University of California Press, 2000. 39. Dittmer, Jason,
Sharp Joanne, Geopolitics. An Introductory Reader, London Routledge, 2014. 40. Dix, Arthur, Politische Erdkunde, Breslau, Ferdinand Hirt Verlag, 1922.
DOCTRINE GEOPOLITICE. ARHITECTURA PUTERII ÎN SISTEMUL INTERNAŢIONAL 259 41. Dix, Arthur, Politische Geographie. Weltpolitisches Handbuch, München, R. Oldenbourg, 1922. 42. Dobrescu, Paul, Geopolitica, Bucureşti, Comunicare.ro, 2003. 43. Dobson, John, Belligerents, Brinkmanship, and the Big Stick. A Historical Encyclopedia of American Diplomatic Concepts, Santa Barbara, Abc-Clio, 2009. 44. Dockrill, Michael (et al.), Diplomacy and world power. Studies in British Foreign Policy, 1890-1950, Cambridge University Press, 1996. 45. Dodds, Klaus; Atkinson, David (eds.), Geopolitical Traditions. A Centuiy of Geopolitical Thought, London, Routledge, 2000. 46. Dodds, Klaus, Geopolitics. A Very Short Introduction, Oxford University Press, 2007. 47. Douhet, Giulio, The Command ofthe Air, Washington, Office of Air Force History, 1983. 48. Dugin, Aleksandr, Destin eurasianist, Bucureşti, Editura Mica Valahie, 2017. 49. Dugin, Aleksandr, Eurasian Mission. An Introduction to NeoEurasianism, Arktos Media, 2014. 50. Dugin, Aleksandr, Putin vs Putin: Vladimir Putin Viewedfrom the Right, London, Arktos, 2014. 51. Dugin, Aleksandr, The Fourth Political Theory, London, Arktos, 2012. 52. Dutkiewicz, Piotr; Trenin, Dmitri (eds.), Russia. The Challenges of Transformation, New York University Press, 2011. 53. East, Gordon (et al.), Our Fragmented World. An Introduction to Political Geography, Paigrave Macmillan UK, 1975. 54. Edmunds, Timothy (et al.), British Foreign Policy and the National Interest. Identity, Strategy and Security, London, Paigrave Macmillan, 2014. 55. Feiner, Sabine, Weltordnung
durch US-Leadership? Die Konzep tion Zbigniew K. Brzezinskis, Wiesbaden, Westdeutscher Verlag, 2000. 56. Fiebeger, Gustav, Elements of Strategy, New York, John Wiley and Sons, 1920. 57. Fifield Russell, Pearcy Etzel, Geopolitics in Principle and Practice, Boston, Ginn and Company, 1944.
260 MIHAI A. PANU 58. Flint, Colin; Taylor, Peter, Political Geography. World-Economy, Nation-State and Locality, Sixth Edition, London, Routledge, 2014. 59. Frattolillo, Oliviero, Interwar Japan beyond the West: The Search for a New Subjectivity in World History, Newcastle, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2014. 60. Fredriksen, John, American Military Leaders. From Colonial Times to the Present, Santa Barbara, ABC-CLIO, 1999. 61. Freeman, Kevin, Game Plan: How to Protect Yourself from the Coming Cyber-Economic Attack, Washington D.C., Regnery Publishing, 2014. 62. Freeman, Thomas (ed.), Geographers: Biobibliographical Studies, Volume 12, London, Bloomsbury Publishing, 2015. 63. Frunzeti, Teodor (et al.), Război şi Haos, Bucureşti, Editura Centrului Tehnic-Editorial al Armatei, 2009. 64. Gallaher, Carolyn (et al.), Key Concepts in Human Geography, London, SAGE Publications Ltd, 2009. 65. Gati, Charles (ed.), Zbig: The strategy and statecraft ofZbigniew Brzeziński, Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2013. 66. Gearóid, Tuathail, Critical Geopolitics. The Politics of Writing Global Space, London, Routledge, 1996. 67. Geddie, John, The Russian Empire, London, T. Nelson and Sons, Paternoster Row, 1882. 68. Gelber, Adolf, Die Urheber des Weltkrieges, Wien, Steinmannsche Buchdruckerei, 1915. 69. Gertz, Bill, і War: War and Peace in the Information Age, New York, Simon and Schuster, 2017. 70. Goldwin, Robert (et al.), Readings in American Foreign Policy, New York, Oxford University Press, 1959. 71. Gordon, David (ed.), The Turgot Collection. Writings, Speeches, and Letters
ofAnne Robert Jacques Turgot, Auburn, Ludwig von Mises Institute, 2011. 72. Gosewinkel, Dieter, Anti-liberal Europe: A Neglected Story of Europeanization, New York, Berghahn Books, 2015. 73. Handel, Michael, Masters of War. Classical Strategic Thought, London, Frank Cass, 1992.
DOCTRINE GEOPOLITICE. ARHITECTURA PUTERII ÎN SISTEMUL INTERNAŢIONAL 261 74. Hattendorf, John (et al.), Maritime Strategy and the Balance of Power. Britain and America in the Twentieth Century, New York, Paigrave Macmillan, 1989. 75. Haushofer, Albrecht, Allgemeine Politische Geographie und Geopolitik, Erster Band, Heidelberg, Kurt Vowinckel Verlag, 1951. 76. Haushofer, Karl (et al.), Bausteine zur Geopolitik, Berlin, Kurt Vowinckel Verlag, 1928. 77. Haushofer, Karl, Betrachtungen über Groß-Japan. Wehrkraft, Weltstellung und Zukunft, Berlin, Emst Siegfried Mittler und Sohn, 1913. 78. Haushofer, Karl, Geopolitik des Pazifischen Ozeans. Studien über die Wechselbeziehungen zwischen Geographie und Geschichte, Auflage III, Heidelberg, Kurt Vowinckel Verlag, 1938. 79. Haushofer, Karl (ed.), Raumüberwindende Mächte, Leipzig, Teubner-Verlag, 1934. 80. Haushofer, Karl, Weltpolitik von Heute, Berlin, Verlag und Vertriebsgesellschaft, 1935. 81. Hennig, Richard, Geopolitik. Die Lehre vom Staat als Lebe wesen, Wiesbaden, Springer Fachmedien, 1928. 82. Herpen, Marcel van, Putin,s Propaganda Machine: Soft Power and Russian Foreign Policy, Lanham, Rowman Littlefield, 2016. 83. Herwig, Holger, The Demon of Geopolitics: How Karl Haushofer „Educated” Hitler and Hess, Lanham, Rowman Littlefield, 2016. 84. Hoffmann, Nils, Renaissance der Geopolitik? Die deutsche SicherheitspoUtik nach dem Kalten Krieg, Wiesbaden, Springer Fachmedien, 2012. 85. Hurd, Archibald, The Command of the Sea, London, Chapman Hall Limited, 1912. 86. Hyde-Price Adrian, The International Politics ofEast Central Europe,
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262 MIHAI A. PANU 89. Isakova, Irina, Russian Governance in the Twenty-First Century. Geo-Strategy, Geopoliitcs and Governance, London, Frank Cass, 2005. 90. Jablonský, David (ed.), Roots of Strategy, Mechanicsburg, Stackpole Books, 1999. 91. Jackson, Gary, Warden ’s Five-Ring System Theory: Legitimate Wartime Military Targeting or an Increased Potential to Violate the Law and Norms ofExpected Behavior?, Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama, Air University Press, 2000. 92. Jahn, Egbert, World Political Challenges: Political Issues under Debate, volume 3, Wiesbaden, Springer, 2015. 93. Jervis, Robert; Snyder, Jack (eds.), Dominoes and Bandwagons. Strategic Beliefs and Great Power Competition in the Eurasian Rimland, New York, Oxford University Press, 1991. 94. Jones, Martin (et al.), An Introduction to Political Geography: Space, Place and Politics, London, Routledge, 2004. 95. Kasperson, Roger; Minghi, Julian (eds.), The Structure of Political Geography, New Brunswick, Transaction Publishers, 1969. 96. Kearns, Gerry, Geopolitics and Empire. The Legacy ofHalford Mackinder, Oxford University Press, 2009. 97. Kelly, Phil, Classical Geopolitics. A new analytical model, Stanford University Press, 2016. 98. Kertesz, Stephen, American Diplomacy in a New Era, Indiana, University of Notre Dame Press, 1961. 99. Kitchin, Rob; Thrift Nigel, International Encyclopedia of Human Geography, Amsterdam, Elsevier, 2009. 100. Kjellen, Rudolf, Die Großmächte der Gegenwart, Auflage 11, Leipzig, Teubner Verlag, 1916. 101. Kjellen, Rudolf, Die politischen Probleme des Weltkrieges, Leipzig, Teubner,
1916. 102. Kjellen, Rudolf, Der Staat als Lebensform, Auflage 4, Berlin, Kurt Vowinckel Verlag, 1924. 103. Kjellen, Rudolf, Grundriß zu einem System der Politik, Leipzig, S. Hirzel Verlag, 1920. 104. Kjellen, Rudolf, Studien zur Weltkrise, München, Hugo Bruckmann Verlag, 1917.
DOCTRINE GEOPOLITICE. ARHITECTURA PUTERII ÎN SISTEMUL INTERNAŢIONAL 263 105. Kletzin, Birgit, Europa aus Rasse und Raum: Die nationalsozialistische Idee der Neuen Ordnung, Münster, LIT Verlag, 2000. 106. Klinghoffer, Arthur Jay, The Power ofProjections: How Maps Reflect Global Politics and History, London, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2006. 107. Koditschek, Theodore, Liberalism, Imperialism, and the Historical Imagination. Nineteenth-Century Visions of a Greater Britain, Cambridge University Press, 2011. 108. Kohn, Hans (ed.), The Mind of Modem Russia, New York, Harper Brothers, 1955. 109. Kohn, Hans, Western Civilization in the Near East, New York, Columbia University Press, 1936. 110. Lamprecht, Karl, Zur jüngsten deutschen Vergangenheit, Band 2, Freiburg im Breisgau, Verlag von Hermann Heyfelder, 1906. 111. Lamelle, Marlene (ed.), Eurasianism and the European Far Right. Reshaping the Europe-Russia Relationship, Lanham, Lexington Books, 2015. 112. Lamelle, Marlene (ed.), Russian Nationalism and the National Reassertion ofRussia, New York, Routledge, 2009. 113. Lerche Charles, Foreign Policy of the American People, Englewood, Prentice-Hall, 1958. 114. Lesser, Ian, Resources and Strategy, New York, Paigrave Macmillan, 1989. 115. Libbey, James, Alexander P. de Seversky and the Questfor A ir Power, Washington, Potomac Books, 2013. 116. Lindberg, Michael; Todd, Daniel, Brown-, Green֊, and BlueWater Fleets. The Influence of Geography on Naval Warfare, 1861 to the Present, Westport, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2002. 117. List, Friedrich, Das nationale System der politischen
Oekonomie, Zweite Auflage, Jena, Verlag von Gustav Fischer, 1910. 118. Lord, Cames; Barnett, Frank, Political Warfare and Psychological Operations. Rethinking the US Approach, Washington, National Defense University Press, 1989. 119. Lutz, Catherine (ed.), The Bases of Empire. The Global Struggle against U.S. Military Posts, London, Pluto Press, 2009.
264 MIHAI A. PANU 120. Mackinder, Halford, Democratic Ideals and Reality, New York, Henry Holt and Company, 1919. 121. Mahan, Alfred Thayer, From Sail to Steam: Recollections of Naval Life, Dodo Press, 1906. 122. Mahan Alfred Thayer, The Influence of Sea Power upon History, Boston, Little Brown and Company, 1898. 123. Mahan, Alfred Thayer, The Interest ofAmerica in Sea Power, Boston, Little Brown and Company, 1917. 124. Malia, Martin, Russia under Western Eyes. From the Bronze Horseman to the Lenin Mausoleum, Harvard University Press, 1999. 125. Malthus, Thomas Robert, An Essay on the Principle of Population, Seventh Edition, London, Reeves and Tumer, 1872. 126. Manjikian, Mary, Apocalypse and Post-Politics: The Romance of the End, Lanham, Lexington Books, 2012. 127. Mankoff, Jeffrey, Russian Foreign Policy. The Return of Great Power Politics, Second Edition, Lanham, Rowman Littlefield Publishers, 2011. 128. Martin, Geoffrey, All Possible Worlds. A History of Geo graphical Ideas, Oxford University Press, 2005. 129. Matten, Marc Andre, Imagining a Postnational World: Hegemony and Space in Modem China, Leiden, Brill, 2016. 130. Maull, Otto, Das Wesen der Geopolitik, Leipzig, Teubner, 1939. 131. McNabb, David, Vladimir Putin and Russia’s Imperial Revival, Boca Raton, Taylor Francis Group, 2016. 132. McNamara, Patrick, Λ Catholic Cold War: Edmund A. Walsh, S.J., and the Politics ofAmerican Anticommunism, New York, Fordham University Press, 2005. 133. Medlicott, William Norton, British Foreign Policy since Versailles, London, Methuen Co., 1940. 134. Meilinger, Phillip (ed.),
The Paths of Heaven. The Evolution ofAirpower Theory, New Delhi, Lancer Publishers Distributors, 2000. 135. Menon, Raja, Maritime Strategy and Continental Wars, London, Frank Cass, 1998. 136. Mets, David, The Air Campaign. John Warden and the Classical Airpower Theorists, Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama, Air University Press, 1999.
DOCTRINE GEOPOLITICA ARHITECTURA PUTERII ÎN SISTEMUL INTERNAŢIONAL 265 137. Meyer, Robert, Europa zwischen Land und Meer: Geopolitisches Denken und geopolitiche Europamodelle nach der „ Raumrevolution ”, Bonn University Press, 2014. 138. Moeller, van den Bruck Arthur, Die Zeitgenossen, Minden, J.C.C. Bruns, 1906. 139. Morgenthau, Hans, The Impasse ofAmerican Foreign Policy, Chicago, The University of Chicago Press, 1962. 140. Muir, Richard, Modem Political Geography, Second Edition, London, Macmillan, 1981. 141. Mulligan, William (et al.), The Primacy of Foreign Policy in British History, 1660-2000. How Strategie Concerns Shaped Modern Britain, New York, Palgrave Macmillan, 2010. 142. Murphy, David Thomas, The Heroic Earth: Geopolitical Thought in Weimar Germany, 1918-1933, Kent State University Press, 1997. 143. Naumann, Friedrich, Mitteleuropa, Berlin, Druck und Verlag von Georg Reimer, 1916. 144. Neilson, Keith; Errington, Elizabeth Jane, Navies and Global Defense: Theories and Strategy, London, Praeger, 1995. 145. Østbø, Jardar, The New Third Rome. Readings of a Russian Nationalist Myth, Stuttgart, Ibidem-Verlag, 2016. 146. Panu, Mihai, Filiere şi Mecanisme de Propagandă Nazistă în Banat. 1933-1945, Cluj-Napoca, Editura Mega, 2014. 147. Parker, Geoffrey, Western Geopolitical Thought in the Twentieth Century, Routledge, New York, 2015. 148. Petersen, Alexandras, The World Island. Eurasian Geopolitics and the Fate of the West, Santa Barbara, Praeger, 2011. 149. Pflanze, Otto, Bismarck and the Development of Germany. The Period of Unification, 1815-1871, voi. 1, New
Jersey, Princeton University Press, 1971. 150. Picard, Jaques, Edit von Coler. Agentă nazistă la Bucureşti, Bucureşti, Corint, 2011. 151. Pipes, Richard, Russian Conservatism and Its Critics: A Study in Political Culture, Yale University Press, 2005. 152. Polelle, Mark, Raising Cartographic Consciousness: The Social and Foreign Policy Vision of Geopolitics in the Twentieth Century, Lanham, Lexington Books, 1999.
266 MIHAI A. PANU 153. Prescott, John, The Geography of State Policies, London, Routledge, 2015. 154. Ratzel, Friedrich, Anthropogeographie. Die geographische Verbreitung des Menschen, Zweiter Teil, Stuttgart, Verlag von J. Engelhom, 1891. 155. Ratzel, Friedrich, Anthropo-Geographie. Grundzüge der Anwendung der Erdkunde auf die Geschichte, Stuttgart, Verlag von J. Engelhom, 1882. 156. Ratzel, Friedrich, Die Erde und das Leben, Zweiter Band, Leipzig, Bibliographisches Institut, 1902. 157. Ratzel, Friedrich, Der Lebensraum. Eine biogeographische Studie, Tübingen, Verlag der H. Laupp’sehen Buchhandlung, 1901 158. Ratzel, Friedrich, Politische Geographie, München, Verlag von R. Oldenbourg, 1897. 159. Ratzel, Friedrich, Politische Geographie oder die Geographie des Staates, des Verkehres und des Krieges, Zweite Auflage, München, Druck und Verlag von R. Oldenbourg, 1903. 160. Ratzel, Friedrich, Die Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika. Politische und Wirtschafts-Geographie, Zweite Auflage, München, Druck und Verlag von R. Oldenbourg, 1893. 161. Ratzel, Friedrich, Politische Geographie der Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der natürlichen Bedingungen und wirtschaftlichen Verhältnisse, Zweite Auflage, München, Druck und Verlag von R. Oldenbourg, 1893. 162. Ratzel, Friedrich, Völkerkunde, Zweite Auflage, Leipzig, Bibliographisches Institut, 1894. 163. Reich, Emil, General History of Western Nations, Volume I, London, Macmillan and Co., 1908. 164. Reich, Emil, Germany’s Madness, New York, Dodd, Mead and Company, 1914. 165. Reich, Emil, Imperialism. It’s
Prices, Its Vocation, London, Hutchinson Co, 1905. 166. Reich, Emil, Success among Nations, New York, Harper Brothers Publishers, 1904. 167. Revai, Maurus, Das Endziel des Weltkrieges. Englands Ausschaltung aus Europa, Berlin, Puttkammer Mühlbrecht, 1916.
DOCTRINE GEOPOUTICE. ARHITECTURA PUTERII ÎN SISTEMUL INTERNAŢIONAL 267 168. Reynolds, Clark, Command of the Sea. The History and Strategy of Maritime Empires, New York, Morrow, 1974. 169. Richmond, Herbert, British Strategy: Military and Economic. A Historical Review and its Contemporary Lessons, Cambridge University Press, 1941. 170. Ritter, Carl, Allgemeine Erdkunde, Druck und Verlag von Georg Reimer, 1862. 171. Robinson, Neil (ed.), The Political Economy of Russia, Lanham, Rowman Littlefield, 2013. 172. Rochau, Ludwig von, Grundsätze der Realpolitik angewendet auf die staatlichen Zustände Deutschlands, Stuttgart, Verlag von Karl Göpel, 1853. 173. Sakwa, Richard, Russian Politics and Society, Third Edition, London, Routledge, 2002. 174. Schacht, Hjalmar, The Magic of Money, London, Oldboume, 1967. 175. Schäfer, Fritz, Geopolitik und Volksschule, Langensalza, Beyer Verlag, 1934. 176. Schöne, Emil, Politische Geographie, Leipzig, Teubner, 1911. 177. Schwind Martin, Allgemeine Staatengeographie, Berlin, Walter de Gruyter, 1972. 178. Scowcroft, Brent, Conversations on the Future of American Foreign Policy, New York, Basic Books, 2008. 179. Sen, Debabrata, Basic Principles of Geopolitics and History, Delhi, Concept Publishing Company, 1975. 180. Seversky, Alexander de, Victory through Air Power, New York, Simon and Schuster, 1942. 181. Short, John Rennie, An Introduction to Political Geography, Second Edition, London, Routledge, 1993. 182. Silbum, Percy Arthur, The evolution of Sea-Power, London, Longmans, Green Co., 1912. 183. Silvius Ray, Culture, Political Economy and
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268 МИША. PANU 185. Speller, lan (ed.), The Royal Navy and Maritime Power in the Twentieth Century, London, Frank Cass, 2005. 186. Speller, Ian, Understanding Naval Warfare, London, Routledge, 2014. 187. Spykınan, Nicholas, America s Strategy in World Politics. The United States and the Balance ofPower, New York, Harcourt, 1942. 188. Stevens, William Oliver, Westcott Allan, A History of Seapower, New York, George Doran Company, 1920. 189. Strausz-Hupe, Robert (et al.), Building the Atlantic World, New York, Harper Row, 1963. 190. Suslov Mikhail, Bassin Mark (eds.), Eurasia 2.0: Russian Geopolitics in the Age ofNew Media, Lanham, Rowman Littlefield, 2016. 191. Taylor, Charles Carlisle, The Life of Admiral Mahan, New York, George Doran Company, 1920. 192. Thömer, Klaus, Der ganze Südosten ist unser Hinterland. Deutsche Südosteuropapläne von 1840 bis 1945, Freiburg, Ca-Ira Verlag, 2008. 193. Thucydides, The History of the Peloponnesian War, Floyd, Wilder Publications, 2015. 194. Till, Geoffrey (ed.), The Development of British Naval Thinking, London, Routledge, 2006. 195. Till, Geoffrey, Seapower. A Guide for the Twenty-First Century, London, Frank Cass, 2004. 196. Tirpitz, Alfred von, My Memoirs, Vol. I, New York, Dodd, Mead and Company, 1919. 197. Trenin, Dmitri, Post-Imperium: A Eurasian Story, Washington D.C., Brookings Institution Press, 2011. 198. Trenin, Dmitri (et al.), Russia’s Restless Frontier. The Chechnya Factor in Post-Soviet Russia, Washington, D.C., The Brookings Institution Press, 2004. 199. Trenin, Dmitri, The End of Eurasia. Russia on the Border between
Geopolitics and Globalization, Carnegie Moscow Center, 2001. 200. Tuathail, Gearóid, Critical Geopolitics. The Politics of Writing Global Space, London, Routledge, 1996.
DOCTRINE GEOPOLITICE. ARHITECTURA PUTERII ÎN SISTEMUL INTERNAŢIONAL 269 201. Tuathail, Gearóid (et al.), The Geopolitics Reader, London, Routledge, 1998. 202. Vasilyeva, Nataliya; Lagutina, Maria, The Russian Project of Eurasian Integration: Geopolitical Prospects, Rowman Littlefield, 2016. 203. Vemengo, Matias, Monetary Integration and Dollarization. No Panacea, Cheltenham, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2006. 204. Voegelin, Eric, Religiile Politice, Bucureşti, Humanitás, 2010. 205. Wallon, Henri, Géographie politique des temps modernes, Paris, Chamerot, 1846. 206. Warburg, James, The United States in a Changing World. An Historical Analysis of American Foreign Policy, New York, G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1954. 207. Weigert, Hans (et al.), Principles of Political Geography, New York, Appleton, 1957. 208. Widen, Jerker, Theorist of Maritime Strategy. Sir Julian Corbett and his Contribution to Military and Naval Thought, London, Routledge, 2012. 209. Wundt, Wilhelm, Über den Wahrhaften Krieg, Leipzig, Alfred Kröner Verlag, 1914. 210. Wundt, Wilhelm, Völkerpsychologie. Eine Untersuchung der Entwicklungsgesetze von Sprache, Mythus und Sitte, Zehnter Band, Leipzig, Alfred Kröner Verlag, 1920. 211. Wütschke, Johannes, Der Kampf um den Erdball. Politisch geographische Betrachtungen zu den weltpolitischen Machtfragen der Gegenwart und nahen Zukunft, München, R. Oldenbourg, 1922. 212. Yoshihara, Susan; Sylva Douglas (eds.), Population Decline and the Remaking of Great Power Politics, Washington, Potomac Books, 2012.
8. Index A Academia Navală Rusă 131 Africa 45,47,62,96, 116, 129, 149,222 Alaska 61,63, 127,233 Alexeyev Nikolai 213 Algeria 62, 63 Al-Rodhan Nayef 20, 21, 255 Argentina 129 Aristotel 8 Armenia 47, 98, 219 Asia Centrală 97, 98 Australia 45, 46, 62, 63, 116, 127, 222 Austro-Ungaria 13,47, 79, 81, 82, 166 В Banse Ewald 146,162,163, 164,165,166, 245, 250, 256 Benoist Alain de 210, 217 Berlin 9, 10,15, 75, 148, 149, 152, 154, 155, 157, 160, 161, 170, 180, 181, 187, 188, 189, 191,193, 197,198, 199, 201, 255,256, 258, 261,262, 265, 267 Blue Water 72, 73, 79, 207 Brazilia 62, 129, 198 Bridge Cyprian 73, 79, 80, 82, 83,257 Brown Water 73,74 Brzeziński Zbigniew 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90,91,92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 244, 253, 257, 260 Burke Edmund 44, 257 Camerun 149 Canada 62, 64, 219 Canalul Panama 68 Carter Jimmy 84 Chile 62, 129 China 39, 50, 62, 95, 96, 97, 98, 100, 193, 196, 198, 199,222, 223, 257, 264 Clausewitz Carl von 69, 74, 75, 76,244, 258 Clearing Acorduri 152, 153 CohenSaul 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124,125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 195, 204, 244, 249, 253, 254, 258 Command of the Air 133, 134, 259 Command of the Sea 76, 79, 80, 82, 133,261,267 Corbett Julian 24, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 82, 83, 133, 244, 249, 258, 269
272 MIHAI A. PANU Coreea 40, 51, 64, 196, 207 Coudenhove-Kalergi Richard 35, 258 C.S.I (Comunitatea Statelor Independente) 218 Cuba 62 Custance Reginald 73 108, 121, 124, 127, 150, 154, 156, 159, 160, 176, 195,219, 258, 263, 265, 267 Europa Rćsćriteanć 52, 121, 125, 150,219 Evola Julius 209 Extremul Orient 87, 100,206 D F Danemarca 61, 64 Darwin Charles 171,173,174, 175 Dix Arthur 12, 146, 155,258, 259 Doctrina Monroe 15,31 Douhet Giulio 134, 259 Dughin Aleksandr 209,210, 211.212.214.216.217.218, 219, 220, 221,222, 223,225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 232, 246 Durham 34 Dzhemal Geydar 209, 212 Florovsky Georges 213 Flota Baltică 131 Franţa 13, 51, 66, 81, 82, 150, 198,210 G Gateway States 126 Georgia 64,98, 131,219 Geostrategic Realms 120 Germania 13,33,38,39,41,46, 51,52, 63,68,78,81,82, 101, 142, 143, 145, 146, 149, 150, 151, 153, 155, 156, 158, E 167, 187, 191, 194, 195, 196, 198,213,219, 238,244 Egipt 37, 62, 64, 187 Girenok Fyodor 218 Eurasia 48, 89, 114, 116,212, Glasgow 213.215.218, 221,224, 229, 34 Grecia 40,63,211 230, 268 Green Water 73 Eurasian Continental World 121, Guénon René 209, 217 122 Gumilev Lev 215, 216, 218, 220 Eurasianism 214,215,216,221, 222, 230, 246 Eurasian Youth Union 219 Europa 8, 14, 15, 24, 31, 34, 35, 36, 38, 43, 45, 47, 51, 52, 58, 59, 61, 66, 67, 95, 97, 98, 99, H Haeckel Ernst 171 Haushofer Albrecht 187
DOCTRINE GEOPOLITICE. ARHITECTURA PUTERII ÎN SISTEMUL INTERNAŢIONAL 273 Haushofer Karl 9, 17, 144, 146, 147, 153, 157, 161, 163, 169, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201,206,213, 222, 238, 245, 249, 250, 261 Haushofer Martha 188 Heartland 17, 36, 45, 46, 47, 48, 52, 101, 115, 117, 121,221, 254 Hennig Richard 146,189 Heß Rudolf 187, 188 Hitler Adolf 146, 162, 186, 196, 205, 261 I Imperiul Ţarist 79, 124 Imperiul Otoman 13, 79, 124, 204, 205 India 35,37,46,47,51,62,64, 193, 198, 222, 223 Insula lumii 45, 52 Insulele Virgine 61 Irlanda 37, 61,128 Italia 51,217,219 Ivashov Leonid 235 Izolaţionism 31 J Japonia 35, 39, 46, 63, 64, 67, 82, 104, 108, 116, 191, 193, 195, 196, 199, 222 Jefferson Thomas 59 К Kissinger Нету 244 Kjellen Rudolf 9, 10, 11, 14, 19, 145, 189, 247, 262 Konservative Revolution 213 L Lautensach Hermann 9, 146, 160, 161, 162, 189, 245,255 Lebensraum 9, 17, 145, 152, 172, 174, 175, 176, 192,193, 200, 250, 266 Liberia 62, 64 Libia 62 Liga Naţiunilor 34 List Friedrich 176,263 Londra 33,34,41,42,68 M Mackinder Halford 17,19,24, 36, 37, 38, 39,42,44, 45,46, 47,48,49, 50,51,52, 69, 100, 101, 102, 106,114,115, 116, 117, 122, 195, 196, 199, 244, 247, 249,254, 256, 262, 264 Mahan Alfred Thayer 17, 24, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 60, 65, 66, 67, 68, 70,71,73, 80, 100,106, 133, 244,249,264, 268 Malthus Thomas 174,175,264 Marea Baltică 46, 115, 124,207, 231 Marea Britanie 13, 24, 25, 33, 35,36, 64,211,219, 221 Marea Neagră 46, 115, 124,207, 231,244 Maroc 62, 64
274 MIHAI A. PANU Maull Otto 9, 146, 147, 189, 264 Meij і Mutsuhito 191 Mişcarea Eurasianistă Inter naţională 223,224 Midway 61 Mitteleuropa 159,160,265 Mongolia 47 Monroe James 31, 59 Morgenthau Hans 26,27,29, 265 Moscova 28, 73, 108, 195, 203, 209,215,217,218,219, 229, 230, 232, 234, 242 Muntenegra 40 Mutti Claudio 211,217 N Nash Put/Наш путь 218 N.A.T.O. 91,98,99, 179,214, 235 Nazarbaev Nursultan 218 Neoeurasianism 216,217,219, 220, 221 N.S.D.A.P. 162, 186 О Obst Erich 9, 146, 189, 197,245 Olanda 64, 66, 73, 100, 192, 198 Ordinul Sfântului Gheorghe 131 Orientul Mijlociu 115,124, 145, 199 P Panarin Igor 233, 235 Pan-regionalism 195 Pashchenko Vitaly 218 Pearl Harbor 61 Peschel Oskar 171,173 Pipes Richard 208, 265 Piskorski Mateusz 211 Planul Funk 151, 152, 156, 176 Polonia 63,83,211,219,239 Ponomaryov Lev 217 Popov Gavriil 217 Prokhanov Alexander 210,220 Puerto Rico 61, 63, 127 Putin Vladimir 206, 209, 210, 218, 227, 234, 259, 261,264 Q Quarter-Sphere of Marginality 128 R Ranke Leopold von 240 Ratzel Friedrich 9, 10, 11, 17, 19, 55, 58, 66, 145, 146, 147, 157, 163, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 177, 178,179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 192,200, 206, 238,245,247, 249, 250, 253, 266 Războiul Burilor 37 Războiul Crimeii 206 Războiul Rece 16, 17, 28, 62, 65, 86, 92, 130, 209, 233, 234,235 Realpolitik 78, НО, 169, 256, 267 Reich Emil 14,45, 52, 54, 58, 60, 148, 150, 153, 186, 187, 190, 196, 266
DOCTRINE GEOPOLITICE. ARHITECTURA PUTERII ÎN SISTEMUL INTERNAŢIONAL Reichsbank 150 Republica de la Weimar 146, 191 Revoluţia Bolşevică 206 România 13, 63, 81, 111, 151, 153, 154, 156,157, 165, 168, 191,211,242, 244, 253 Roosevelt Theodore 59, 62 Rusia 13,35,38,39,47,50,51, 52,61,73,81,82, 95,97, 100, 150, 178, 195,196, 198, 203,206,207,208,216,217, 218, 220, 222, 224, 229, 230, 233 s Samoa 63,149 Savitsky Piotr 213 Schacht Hjalmar 149,150,267 Seleznyov Gennadiy 218 semicercul insular 46,116 Semicercul marginal 46 Seversky Alexander de 131, 132, 133, 135, 136, 137, 244, 263,267 Shatterbelts 123 Sicilia 61 Siewert Wulf 146, 148, 161, 245, 250 South Wales 34 Spaţiul Vital 174 Spania 51,64,66,73,217,219 Spykman Nicholas 17,100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 244, 249, 254, 255,268 Stankevic Sergei 217 275 S.U.A. 13,24,25,26,28,29, 30,31,32, 36, 55, 58, 59,61, 62, 64, 65, 67, 82, 86, 88, 92, 94, 96, 98, 99, 100, 102, 108, 114, 117, 122, 131, 135,196, 198, 207,210,214,219, 221, 222,223, 233 T Tadzhuddin Talgat 218 Tatarstan 232 Thiriart Jean-François 210 Tibet 47 Tirpitz Alfred von 77, 78, 244, 268 Togo 149 Tokyo 199 Trade-Dependent Maritime World 121 Tratatul de la Versailles 146 Tratatul de Securitate America no-Japonez 91 Trenin Dmitri 229, 230, 231, 232, 235, 259, 268 Trubetzkoy Nikolai 213 Truman Harry 63, 132 Trump Donald 92 Tucidide 8 Tunisia 62, 64 Turcia 46, 64, 98, 156, 219 Turgot Jaques 8, 260 u Uniunea Europeană 95, 97, 98, 99, 152, 222 U.R.S.S. 85,86,195,215,222, 226
276 MIHAI A. PANU V West Point 53 Wilhelm al II-lea 38,142, 192 Wilhelmi 140 Wundt Wilhelm 164, 166, 269 Vernadsky George 213 Voegelin Eric 86, 269 W z Wallon Henri 9, 269 Warden John 135, 136, 262, 264 Washington 53,96,98, 112, 131, 197,230, 231,233,257, 259, 260, 263, 268, 269 Wehrgeopolitik 200, 243 Zavtra 210 Zeitschrift fur Geopolitik 146, 161, 187, 188, 191,250, 255 Ziuganov Ghennadi 220 Zorii Aurii 211 Staal5 •¿ibM-oìhek քՀ՛.;^ iūbe-n
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Cuprins 1. Introducere.7 2. Geopolitica angio-americană.23 2.1. Pivotul geografic al istoriei şi logica relaţiilor de putere la Halford Mackinder. 36 2.2. Bazele puterii maritime a statelor în concepţia lui Alfred T. Mahan.53 2.3. Strategii de proiecţie a forţei navale în plan internaţional (Julian Corbett).68 2.4. Concepte fundamentale în gândirea geostrategica a lui Zbigniew Brzeziński. 83 2.5. Politica de putere şi logica războiului la Nicholas Spykman. 100 2.6. Relevanţa geopolitică a interconectării spaţiilor globale (Saul Cohen).117 2.7. Dominaţia spaţiilor aeriene şi rolul aviaţiei militare (Alexander de Seversky). 131 3. Şcoala germană de geopolitică. 139 3.1. Dimensiuni (etno)spaţiale în gândirea lui Friedrich Ratzel.170 3.2. Bazele pan-regionalismului la Karl Haushofer.186 4. Şcoala geopolitică
rusă. 203 4.1. Viziunea geopolitică a lui Aleksandr Dughin. 209 4.2. Eurasianism vs. Neoeurasianism. 212 4.3. Ce este a patra teorie politică?. 225 4.4. Discursul geopolitic rus şi tentaţiile propagandei. 229 5. Concluzii. 237 6. Summary. 247 7 Bibliografie. 253 8. Index.271
7· Bibliografie Arhive I. Arhiva Consiliului Naţional pentru Studierea Arhivelor Securi tăţii (C.N.S.A.S.), Bucureşti. - A.C.N.S.A.S., D 011474, fila 130 (Sinteză privind mişcarea hitle rista din România: buletine informative despre acţiunea germană în România). - A.C.N.S.A.S., D 012677, voi. 7, fila 184-185 (Relaţii romàno-ger mane: note, rapoarte, extrase din ziare). II. Das politische Archiv des Auswärtigen Amtes (Arhiva politică a Ministerului German de Externe). - PA AA, Bukarest 31, Die sozialwirtschaftliche Lage Groß britanniens, Pol. II, 1173. - PA AA, Bukarest 54, Dosar 46/2 nepaginat, nedatat, Bericht, An die Deutsche Gesandschaft Bukarest. Reviste de specialitate 1 .Annals ofthe Association ofAmerican Geographers, voi. 81, nr. 4/ 1991 (Cohen Saul, „Global Geopolitical Change in the Post-Cold War Era”). 2. Bulletin of the American Geographical Society, voi. 36, 1904 (Churchill Semple Ellen, „Tributes to Friedrich Ratzel”). 3. Foreign Affairs, voi. 91, nr. 1/2012 (Brzeziński Zbigniew, „Balancing the East, Upgrading the West: U.S. Grand Strategy in an Age of Upheaval”). 4. Donaueuropa. Zeitschrift für die Probleme des europäischen Südostens, Budapest, Jahrgang 1, Heft 2, Societas Carpatho-Danubiana Verlag, 1941 (Kogutowicz Karl, „Die neuesten Gebietsveränderungen in Südosteuropa”).
254 MIHAI A. PANU 5. Geographical Review, vol. 61, nr. 1/1971 (Cohen Saul, Rosenthal Lewis, „А Geographical Model for Political Systems Analysis”). 6. Geographical Review, voi. 32, nr. 4/1942 (Bowman Isaiah, „Geography vs. Geopolitics”). 7. Geographische Zeitschrift, 80. Jahrgang, 3/1992 (Müller Gerhard, „Zur Geschichte des Begriffs Anthropogeographie”). 8. Hérodote. Revue de Géographie et de Géopolitique, 3/2012 (Douzet Frederick, Kaplan David, „La géopolitique dans le monde anglo-américain”). 9. International Affairs, vol. 72, nr. 3/1996 (Smith Anthony, „Culture, Community and Territory: The Politics of Ethnicity and Nationalism”). 10. International Security, voi. 17, nr. 4/1993 (Huntington Samuel, „Why International Primacy Matters”). 11. Journal of Historical Geography, 47/2015 (Barnes Trevor, Abrahamsson Christian, „Tangled complicities and moral struggles: the Haushofers, father and son, and the spaces of Nazi geopolitics”). 12. Journal of Military and Strategic Studies, voi. 6, 3/2004 (Sprance William, „The Russo-Japanese War: The Emergence of Japanese Imperial Power”). 13. Millennium: Journal ofInternational Studies, voi. 10, nr. 3/1981 (Smith Anthony, „States and Homelands: The Social and Geopolitical Implications of National Territory”). 14. Neue Politische Literatur, որ. 43/1998 (Osterhammel Jürgen, „Die Wiederkehr des Raumes: Geopolitik, Geohistorie und historische Geographie”). 15. The American Political Science Review, voi. 32, որ. 1/1938 (Spykman Nicholas, „Geography and Foreign Policy”). 16. The Geographic Journal, voi. XXIII, որ. 4/1904 (Mackinder Halford,
„The Geographic Pivot of History”). 17. The Russian Review, voi. 68, nr. 4/ 2009 (Shekhovtsov Anton, Umland Andreas, „Is Aleksandr Dugin a Traditionalist? Neo-Eurasianism and Perennial Philosophy”). 18. The Western Political Quarterly, voi. 9, nr. 3/1956 (Meinig Donald, „Heartland and Rimland in Eurasian History”).
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268 МИША. PANU 185. Speller, lan (ed.), The Royal Navy and Maritime Power in the Twentieth Century, London, Frank Cass, 2005. 186. Speller, Ian, Understanding Naval Warfare, London, Routledge, 2014. 187. Spykınan, Nicholas, America 's Strategy in World Politics. The United States and the Balance ofPower, New York, Harcourt, 1942. 188. Stevens, William Oliver, Westcott Allan, A History of Seapower, New York, George Doran Company, 1920. 189. Strausz-Hupe, Robert (et al.), Building the Atlantic World, New York, Harper Row, 1963. 190. Suslov Mikhail, Bassin Mark (eds.), Eurasia 2.0: Russian Geopolitics in the Age ofNew Media, Lanham, Rowman Littlefield, 2016. 191. Taylor, Charles Carlisle, The Life of Admiral Mahan, New York, George Doran Company, 1920. 192. Thömer, Klaus, Der ganze Südosten ist unser Hinterland. Deutsche Südosteuropapläne von 1840 bis 1945, Freiburg, Ca-Ira Verlag, 2008. 193. Thucydides, The History of the Peloponnesian War, Floyd, Wilder Publications, 2015. 194. Till, Geoffrey (ed.), The Development of British Naval Thinking, London, Routledge, 2006. 195. Till, Geoffrey, Seapower. A Guide for the Twenty-First Century, London, Frank Cass, 2004. 196. Tirpitz, Alfred von, My Memoirs, Vol. I, New York, Dodd, Mead and Company, 1919. 197. Trenin, Dmitri, Post-Imperium: A Eurasian Story, Washington D.C., Brookings Institution Press, 2011. 198. Trenin, Dmitri (et al.), Russia’s Restless Frontier. The Chechnya Factor in Post-Soviet Russia, Washington, D.C., The Brookings Institution Press, 2004. 199. Trenin, Dmitri, The End of Eurasia. Russia on the Border between
Geopolitics and Globalization, Carnegie Moscow Center, 2001. 200. Tuathail, Gearóid, Critical Geopolitics. The Politics of Writing Global Space, London, Routledge, 1996.
DOCTRINE GEOPOLITICE. ARHITECTURA PUTERII ÎN SISTEMUL INTERNAŢIONAL 269 201. Tuathail, Gearóid (et al.), The Geopolitics Reader, London, Routledge, 1998. 202. Vasilyeva, Nataliya; Lagutina, Maria, The Russian Project of Eurasian Integration: Geopolitical Prospects, Rowman Littlefield, 2016. 203. Vemengo, Matias, Monetary Integration and Dollarization. No Panacea, Cheltenham, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2006. 204. Voegelin, Eric, Religiile Politice, Bucureşti, Humanitás, 2010. 205. Wallon, Henri, Géographie politique des temps modernes, Paris, Chamerot, 1846. 206. Warburg, James, The United States in a Changing World. An Historical Analysis of American Foreign Policy, New York, G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1954. 207. Weigert, Hans (et al.), Principles of Political Geography, New York, Appleton, 1957. 208. Widen, Jerker, Theorist of Maritime Strategy. Sir Julian Corbett and his Contribution to Military and Naval Thought, London, Routledge, 2012. 209. Wundt, Wilhelm, Über den Wahrhaften Krieg, Leipzig, Alfred Kröner Verlag, 1914. 210. Wundt, Wilhelm, Völkerpsychologie. Eine Untersuchung der Entwicklungsgesetze von Sprache, Mythus und Sitte, Zehnter Band, Leipzig, Alfred Kröner Verlag, 1920. 211. Wütschke, Johannes, Der Kampf um den Erdball. Politisch geographische Betrachtungen zu den weltpolitischen Machtfragen der Gegenwart und nahen Zukunft, München, R. Oldenbourg, 1922. 212. Yoshihara, Susan; Sylva Douglas (eds.), Population Decline and the Remaking of Great Power Politics, Washington, Potomac Books, 2012.
8. Index A Academia Navală Rusă 131 Africa 45,47,62,96, 116, 129, 149,222 Alaska 61,63, 127,233 Alexeyev Nikolai 213 Algeria 62, 63 Al-Rodhan Nayef 20, 21, 255 Argentina 129 Aristotel 8 Armenia 47, 98, 219 Asia Centrală 97, 98 Australia 45, 46, 62, 63, 116, 127, 222 Austro-Ungaria 13,47, 79, 81, 82, 166 В Banse Ewald 146,162,163, 164,165,166, 245, 250, 256 Benoist Alain de 210, 217 Berlin 9, 10,15, 75, 148, 149, 152, 154, 155, 157, 160, 161, 170, 180, 181, 187, 188, 189, 191,193, 197,198, 199, 201, 255,256, 258, 261,262, 265, 267 Blue Water 72, 73, 79, 207 Brazilia 62, 129, 198 Bridge Cyprian 73, 79, 80, 82, 83,257 Brown Water 73,74 Brzeziński Zbigniew 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90,91,92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 244, 253, 257, 260 Burke Edmund 44, 257 Camerun 149 Canada 62, 64, 219 Canalul Panama 68 Carter Jimmy 84 Chile 62, 129 China 39, 50, 62, 95, 96, 97, 98, 100, 193, 196, 198, 199,222, 223, 257, 264 Clausewitz Carl von 69, 74, 75, 76,244, 258 Clearing Acorduri 152, 153 CohenSaul 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124,125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 195, 204, 244, 249, 253, 254, 258 Command of the Air 133, 134, 259 Command of the Sea 76, 79, 80, 82, 133,261,267 Corbett Julian 24, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 82, 83, 133, 244, 249, 258, 269
272 MIHAI A. PANU Coreea 40, 51, 64, 196, 207 Coudenhove-Kalergi Richard 35, 258 C.S.I (Comunitatea Statelor Independente) 218 Cuba 62 Custance Reginald 73 108, 121, 124, 127, 150, 154, 156, 159, 160, 176, 195,219, 258, 263, 265, 267 Europa Rćsćriteanć 52, 121, 125, 150,219 Evola Julius 209 Extremul Orient 87, 100,206 D F Danemarca 61, 64 Darwin Charles 171,173,174, 175 Dix Arthur 12, 146, 155,258, 259 Doctrina Monroe 15,31 Douhet Giulio 134, 259 Dughin Aleksandr 209,210, 211.212.214.216.217.218, 219, 220, 221,222, 223,225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 232, 246 Durham 34 Dzhemal Geydar 209, 212 Florovsky Georges 213 Flota Baltică 131 Franţa 13, 51, 66, 81, 82, 150, 198,210 G Gateway States 126 Georgia 64,98, 131,219 Geostrategic Realms 120 Germania 13,33,38,39,41,46, 51,52, 63,68,78,81,82, 101, 142, 143, 145, 146, 149, 150, 151, 153, 155, 156, 158, E 167, 187, 191, 194, 195, 196, 198,213,219, 238,244 Egipt 37, 62, 64, 187 Girenok Fyodor 218 Eurasia 48, 89, 114, 116,212, Glasgow 213.215.218, 221,224, 229, 34 Grecia 40,63,211 230, 268 Green Water 73 Eurasian Continental World 121, Guénon René 209, 217 122 Gumilev Lev 215, 216, 218, 220 Eurasianism 214,215,216,221, 222, 230, 246 Eurasian Youth Union 219 Europa 8, 14, 15, 24, 31, 34, 35, 36, 38, 43, 45, 47, 51, 52, 58, 59, 61, 66, 67, 95, 97, 98, 99, H Haeckel Ernst 171 Haushofer Albrecht 187
DOCTRINE GEOPOLITICE. ARHITECTURA PUTERII ÎN SISTEMUL INTERNAŢIONAL 273 Haushofer Karl 9, 17, 144, 146, 147, 153, 157, 161, 163, 169, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201,206,213, 222, 238, 245, 249, 250, 261 Haushofer Martha 188 Heartland 17, 36, 45, 46, 47, 48, 52, 101, 115, 117, 121,221, 254 Hennig Richard 146,189 Heß Rudolf 187, 188 Hitler Adolf 146, 162, 186, 196, 205, 261 I Imperiul Ţarist 79, 124 Imperiul Otoman 13, 79, 124, 204, 205 India 35,37,46,47,51,62,64, 193, 198, 222, 223 Insula lumii 45, 52 Insulele Virgine 61 Irlanda 37, 61,128 Italia 51,217,219 Ivashov Leonid 235 Izolaţionism 31 J Japonia 35, 39, 46, 63, 64, 67, 82, 104, 108, 116, 191, 193, 195, 196, 199, 222 Jefferson Thomas 59 К Kissinger Нету 244 Kjellen Rudolf 9, 10, 11, 14, 19, 145, 189, 247, 262 Konservative Revolution 213 L Lautensach Hermann 9, 146, 160, 161, 162, 189, 245,255 Lebensraum 9, 17, 145, 152, 172, 174, 175, 176, 192,193, 200, 250, 266 Liberia 62, 64 Libia 62 Liga Naţiunilor 34 List Friedrich 176,263 Londra 33,34,41,42,68 M Mackinder Halford 17,19,24, 36, 37, 38, 39,42,44, 45,46, 47,48,49, 50,51,52, 69, 100, 101, 102, 106,114,115, 116, 117, 122, 195, 196, 199, 244, 247, 249,254, 256, 262, 264 Mahan Alfred Thayer 17, 24, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 60, 65, 66, 67, 68, 70,71,73, 80, 100,106, 133, 244,249,264, 268 Malthus Thomas 174,175,264 Marea Baltică 46, 115, 124,207, 231 Marea Britanie 13, 24, 25, 33, 35,36, 64,211,219, 221 Marea Neagră 46, 115, 124,207, 231,244 Maroc 62, 64
274 MIHAI A. PANU Maull Otto 9, 146, 147, 189, 264 Meij і Mutsuhito 191 Mişcarea Eurasianistă Inter naţională 223,224 Midway 61 Mitteleuropa 159,160,265 Mongolia 47 Monroe James 31, 59 Morgenthau Hans 26,27,29, 265 Moscova 28, 73, 108, 195, 203, 209,215,217,218,219, 229, 230, 232, 234, 242 Muntenegra 40 Mutti Claudio 211,217 N Nash Put/Наш путь 218 N.A.T.O. 91,98,99, 179,214, 235 Nazarbaev Nursultan 218 Neoeurasianism 216,217,219, 220, 221 N.S.D.A.P. 162, 186 О Obst Erich 9, 146, 189, 197,245 Olanda 64, 66, 73, 100, 192, 198 Ordinul Sfântului Gheorghe 131 Orientul Mijlociu 115,124, 145, 199 P Panarin Igor 233, 235 Pan-regionalism 195 Pashchenko Vitaly 218 Pearl Harbor 61 Peschel Oskar 171,173 Pipes Richard 208, 265 Piskorski Mateusz 211 Planul Funk 151, 152, 156, 176 Polonia 63,83,211,219,239 Ponomaryov Lev 217 Popov Gavriil 217 Prokhanov Alexander 210,220 Puerto Rico 61, 63, 127 Putin Vladimir 206, 209, 210, 218, 227, 234, 259, 261,264 Q Quarter-Sphere of Marginality 128 R Ranke Leopold von 240 Ratzel Friedrich 9, 10, 11, 17, 19, 55, 58, 66, 145, 146, 147, 157, 163, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 177, 178,179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 192,200, 206, 238,245,247, 249, 250, 253, 266 Războiul Burilor 37 Războiul Crimeii 206 Războiul Rece 16, 17, 28, 62, 65, 86, 92, 130, 209, 233, 234,235 Realpolitik 78, НО, 169, 256, 267 Reich Emil 14,45, 52, 54, 58, 60, 148, 150, 153, 186, 187, 190, 196, 266
DOCTRINE GEOPOLITICE. ARHITECTURA PUTERII ÎN SISTEMUL INTERNAŢIONAL Reichsbank 150 Republica de la Weimar 146, 191 Revoluţia Bolşevică 206 România 13, 63, 81, 111, 151, 153, 154, 156,157, 165, 168, 191,211,242, 244, 253 Roosevelt Theodore 59, 62 Rusia 13,35,38,39,47,50,51, 52,61,73,81,82, 95,97, 100, 150, 178, 195,196, 198, 203,206,207,208,216,217, 218, 220, 222, 224, 229, 230, 233 s Samoa 63,149 Savitsky Piotr 213 Schacht Hjalmar 149,150,267 Seleznyov Gennadiy 218 semicercul insular 46,116 Semicercul marginal 46 Seversky Alexander de 131, 132, 133, 135, 136, 137, 244, 263,267 Shatterbelts 123 Sicilia 61 Siewert Wulf 146, 148, 161, 245, 250 South Wales 34 Spaţiul Vital 174 Spania 51,64,66,73,217,219 Spykman Nicholas 17,100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 244, 249, 254, 255,268 Stankevic Sergei 217 275 S.U.A. 13,24,25,26,28,29, 30,31,32, 36, 55, 58, 59,61, 62, 64, 65, 67, 82, 86, 88, 92, 94, 96, 98, 99, 100, 102, 108, 114, 117, 122, 131, 135,196, 198, 207,210,214,219, 221, 222,223, 233 T Tadzhuddin Talgat 218 Tatarstan 232 Thiriart Jean-François 210 Tibet 47 Tirpitz Alfred von 77, 78, 244, 268 Togo 149 Tokyo 199 Trade-Dependent Maritime World 121 Tratatul de la Versailles 146 Tratatul de Securitate America no-Japonez 91 Trenin Dmitri 229, 230, 231, 232, 235, 259, 268 Trubetzkoy Nikolai 213 Truman Harry 63, 132 Trump Donald 92 Tucidide 8 Tunisia 62, 64 Turcia 46, 64, 98, 156, 219 Turgot Jaques 8, 260 u Uniunea Europeană 95, 97, 98, 99, 152, 222 U.R.S.S. 85,86,195,215,222, 226
276 MIHAI A. PANU V West Point 53 Wilhelm al II-lea 38,142, 192 Wilhelmi 140 Wundt Wilhelm 164, 166, 269 Vernadsky George 213 Voegelin Eric 86, 269 W z Wallon Henri 9, 269 Warden John 135, 136, 262, 264 Washington 53,96,98, 112, 131, 197,230, 231,233,257, 259, 260, 263, 268, 269 Wehrgeopolitik 200, 243 Zavtra 210 Zeitschrift fur Geopolitik 146, 161, 187, 188, 191,250, 255 Ziuganov Ghennadi 220 Zorii Aurii 211 Staal5 •¿ibM-oìhek քՀ՛.;^ iūbe-n |
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| spelling | Panu, Mihai A. 1981- Verfasser (DE-588)1071604252 aut Doctrine geopolitice arhitectura puterii în sistemul internaţional Mihai A. Panu Timişoara Editura Universităţii de Vest 2018 276 Seiten Illustrationen, 1 Karte txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Aula magna : Seria Ştiinţe politice Zusammenfassung in englischer Sprache Geschichte gnd rswk-swf Doktrin (DE-588)4113334-1 gnd rswk-swf Internationale Politik (DE-588)4072885-7 gnd rswk-swf Geopolitik (DE-588)4156741-9 gnd rswk-swf Relations internationales / 21e siècle Géopolitique / 21e siècle Geopolitik (DE-588)4156741-9 s Internationale Politik (DE-588)4072885-7 s Doktrin (DE-588)4113334-1 s Geschichte z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB München 25 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032323610&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München 25 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032323610&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München 25 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032323610&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Panu, Mihai A. 1981- Doctrine geopolitice arhitectura puterii în sistemul internaţional Doktrin (DE-588)4113334-1 gnd Internationale Politik (DE-588)4072885-7 gnd Geopolitik (DE-588)4156741-9 gnd |
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| title | Doctrine geopolitice arhitectura puterii în sistemul internaţional |
| title_auth | Doctrine geopolitice arhitectura puterii în sistemul internaţional |
| title_exact_search | Doctrine geopolitice arhitectura puterii în sistemul internaţional |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Doctrine geopolitice arhitectura puterii în sistemul internaţional |
| title_full | Doctrine geopolitice arhitectura puterii în sistemul internaţional Mihai A. Panu |
| title_fullStr | Doctrine geopolitice arhitectura puterii în sistemul internaţional Mihai A. Panu |
| title_full_unstemmed | Doctrine geopolitice arhitectura puterii în sistemul internaţional Mihai A. Panu |
| title_short | Doctrine geopolitice |
| title_sort | doctrine geopolitice arhitectura puterii in sistemul international |
| title_sub | arhitectura puterii în sistemul internaţional |
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