Building Ho's army Chinese military assistance to North Vietnam
"The Chinese have a decades long history of aiding the Vietnamese through military training, strategic advising, and monetary means. As a communist state bordering Vietnam, China actively supported Ho Chi Minh's wars against France from 1950 - 1954 and against America from 1965 - 1970. Eve...
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
---|---|
Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Lexington, Kentucky
University Press of Kentucky
[2019]
|
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
MARC
LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 c 4500 | ||
---|---|---|---|
001 | BV046181727 | ||
003 | DE-604 | ||
005 | 20200313 | ||
007 | t | ||
008 | 191001s2019 |||| b||| 00||| eng d | ||
020 | |a 9780813177946 |c hbk. |9 978-0-8131-7794-6 | ||
035 | |a (OCoLC)1142743838 | ||
035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV046181727 | ||
040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rda | ||
041 | 0 | |a eng | |
049 | |a DE-12 | ||
084 | |a HIST |q DE-12 |2 fid | ||
100 | 1 | |a Li, Xiaobing |d 1954- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)142623385 |4 aut | |
245 | 1 | 0 | |a Building Ho's army |b Chinese military assistance to North Vietnam |c Xiaobing Li |
246 | 1 | 3 | |a Chinese military assistance to North Vietnam |
246 | 1 | 0 | |a Chinese military assistance to North Vietnam |
264 | 1 | |a Lexington, Kentucky |b University Press of Kentucky |c [2019] | |
300 | |a xi, 283 Seiten |b Karten. - Karten | ||
336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
505 | 8 | |a Introduction: Vietnamese request and Chinese intention -- Ho's China connection -- Advisors and aid -- Infantry rearmament, training, and operations -- Control and campaigns -- New standards, strategy, and artillery -- Dien Bien Phu: the taste of victory -- Postwar transformation and new geopolitics -- Conclusion: conflict and cooperation: friend or foe? | |
520 | 3 | |a "The Chinese have a decades long history of aiding the Vietnamese through military training, strategic advising, and monetary means. As a communist state bordering Vietnam, China actively supported Ho Chi Minh's wars against France from 1950 - 1954 and against America from 1965 - 1970. Even after the signing of the Geneva Peace Agreement, China continued its military assistance to North Vietnam. Between 1955 and 1963, Chinese military aid to Ho totaled $106 million, including weapons and ammunition that armed more than one hundred infantry battalions, or about 80,000 men. The massive contributions to North Vietnam enabled Ho to build up a strong conventional force. After 1964, China increased its aid, and from 1964 to 1973, it provided approximately $20 billion more in military and economic aid to Vietnam. Among the Communist states, China was the largest supplier of war materials to North Vietnam until 1967, supplying about 44.8 percent of total military aid that year. In Building Ho's Army: Chinese Military Assistance to North Vietnam, Xiaobing Li assembles a detailed overview of Chinese military aid, training, and cooperation with the North Vietnamese Army (NVA) in the 1950s and 60s. Western strategists and historians have long speculated about Chinese military assistance in the Vietnam War, but it was not until recently that newly available archival materials revealed the true extent of Chinese involvement. Li uses these new Communist sources in an unprecedented manner to offer a Chinese military perspective on the Vietnam War. This book builds upon previous scholarly efforts to add a better understanding of the ground-level contribution of China's effort to improve NVA combat effectiveness in the Vietnam War." | |
648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1950-1969 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Militärhilfe |0 (DE-588)4039324-0 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Militärische Kooperation |0 (DE-588)4039338-0 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
651 | 7 | |a Nordvietnam |0 (DE-588)4075485-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
651 | 7 | |a China |0 (DE-588)4009937-4 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
653 | 2 | |a Vietnam / Quân đội nhân dân / History | |
653 | 0 | |a Military assistance, Chinese / Vietnam (Democratic Republic) | |
653 | 2 | |a Vietnam (Democratic Republic) / Military relations / China | |
653 | 2 | |a China / Military relations / Vietnam (Democratic Republic) | |
653 | 2 | |a Vietnam (Democratic Republic) / History, Military | |
653 | 2 | |a Vietnam / Quân đội nhân dân | |
653 | 0 | |a Military assistance, Chinese | |
653 | 0 | |a Military relations | |
653 | 2 | |a China | |
653 | 2 | |a Vietnam (Democratic Republic) | |
653 | 6 | |a History | |
653 | 6 | |a Military history | |
689 | 0 | 0 | |a China |0 (DE-588)4009937-4 |D g |
689 | 0 | 1 | |a Nordvietnam |0 (DE-588)4075485-6 |D g |
689 | 0 | 2 | |a Militärhilfe |0 (DE-588)4039324-0 |D s |
689 | 0 | 3 | |a Militärische Kooperation |0 (DE-588)4039338-0 |D s |
689 | 0 | 4 | |a Geschichte 1950-1969 |A z |
689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
776 | 0 | 8 | |i Erscheint auch als |n Online-Ausgabe, pdf |z 978-0-8131-7796-0 |
776 | 0 | 8 | |i Erscheint auch als |n Online-Ausgabe, epub |z 978-0-8131-7797-7 |
856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031561256&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
940 | 1 | |q BSB_NED_20200313 | |
999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-031561256 | ||
942 | 1 | 1 | |c 355.009 |e 22/bsb |f 09045 |g 51 |
942 | 1 | 1 | |c 355.009 |e 22/bsb |f 09045 |g 59 |
942 | 1 | 1 | |c 355.009 |e 22/bsb |f 09046 |g 51 |
942 | 1 | 1 | |c 355.009 |e 22/bsb |f 09046 |g 59 |
Datensatz im Suchindex
_version_ | 1804180547903160320 |
---|---|
adam_text | Contents List of Illustrations viii List of Abbreviations ix Note on Transliteration xii Introduction: Vietnamese Request and Chinese Intention 1. Ho’s China Connection 2. Advisors and Aid 15 39 3. Infantry Rearmament, Training, and Operations 4. Control and Campaigns 63 87 5. New Standards, Strategy, and Artillery 6. Dien Bien Phu: The Taste of Victory 108 130 7. Postwar Transformation and New Geopolitics 154 Conclusion: Conflict and Cooperation: Friend or Foe? Acknowledgments Notes 190 193 Selected Bibliography 247 Index 271 1 178
|
any_adam_object | 1 |
author | Li, Xiaobing 1954- |
author_GND | (DE-588)142623385 |
author_facet | Li, Xiaobing 1954- |
author_role | aut |
author_sort | Li, Xiaobing 1954- |
author_variant | x l xl |
building | Verbundindex |
bvnumber | BV046181727 |
contents | Introduction: Vietnamese request and Chinese intention -- Ho's China connection -- Advisors and aid -- Infantry rearmament, training, and operations -- Control and campaigns -- New standards, strategy, and artillery -- Dien Bien Phu: the taste of victory -- Postwar transformation and new geopolitics -- Conclusion: conflict and cooperation: friend or foe? |
ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1142743838 (DE-599)BVBBV046181727 |
era | Geschichte 1950-1969 gnd |
era_facet | Geschichte 1950-1969 |
format | Book |
fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>04919nam a2200685 c 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV046181727</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20200313 </controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">191001s2019 |||| b||| 00||| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9780813177946</subfield><subfield code="c">hbk.</subfield><subfield code="9">978-0-8131-7794-6</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)1142743838</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV046181727</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rda</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">HIST</subfield><subfield code="q">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="2">fid</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Li, Xiaobing</subfield><subfield code="d">1954-</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)142623385</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Building Ho's army</subfield><subfield code="b">Chinese military assistance to North Vietnam</subfield><subfield code="c">Xiaobing Li</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="246" ind1="1" ind2="3"><subfield code="a">Chinese military assistance to North Vietnam</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="246" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Chinese military assistance to North Vietnam</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Lexington, Kentucky</subfield><subfield code="b">University Press of Kentucky</subfield><subfield code="c">[2019]</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">xi, 283 Seiten</subfield><subfield code="b">Karten. - Karten</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Introduction: Vietnamese request and Chinese intention -- Ho's China connection -- Advisors and aid -- Infantry rearmament, training, and operations -- Control and campaigns -- New standards, strategy, and artillery -- Dien Bien Phu: the taste of victory -- Postwar transformation and new geopolitics -- Conclusion: conflict and cooperation: friend or foe?</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1="3" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">"The Chinese have a decades long history of aiding the Vietnamese through military training, strategic advising, and monetary means. As a communist state bordering Vietnam, China actively supported Ho Chi Minh's wars against France from 1950 - 1954 and against America from 1965 - 1970. Even after the signing of the Geneva Peace Agreement, China continued its military assistance to North Vietnam. Between 1955 and 1963, Chinese military aid to Ho totaled $106 million, including weapons and ammunition that armed more than one hundred infantry battalions, or about 80,000 men. The massive contributions to North Vietnam enabled Ho to build up a strong conventional force. After 1964, China increased its aid, and from 1964 to 1973, it provided approximately $20 billion more in military and economic aid to Vietnam. Among the Communist states, China was the largest supplier of war materials to North Vietnam until 1967, supplying about 44.8 percent of total military aid that year. In Building Ho's Army: Chinese Military Assistance to North Vietnam, Xiaobing Li assembles a detailed overview of Chinese military aid, training, and cooperation with the North Vietnamese Army (NVA) in the 1950s and 60s. Western strategists and historians have long speculated about Chinese military assistance in the Vietnam War, but it was not until recently that newly available archival materials revealed the true extent of Chinese involvement. Li uses these new Communist sources in an unprecedented manner to offer a Chinese military perspective on the Vietnam War. This book builds upon previous scholarly efforts to add a better understanding of the ground-level contribution of China's effort to improve NVA combat effectiveness in the Vietnam War."</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="648" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1950-1969</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Militärhilfe</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4039324-0</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Militärische Kooperation</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4039338-0</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Nordvietnam</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4075485-6</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">China</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4009937-4</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Vietnam / Quân đội nhân dân / History</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Military assistance, Chinese / Vietnam (Democratic Republic)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Vietnam (Democratic Republic) / Military relations / China</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">China / Military relations / Vietnam (Democratic Republic)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Vietnam (Democratic Republic) / History, Military</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Vietnam / Quân đội nhân dân</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Military assistance, Chinese</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Military relations</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">China</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Vietnam (Democratic Republic)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="6"><subfield code="a">History</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="6"><subfield code="a">Military history</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">China</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4009937-4</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Nordvietnam</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4075485-6</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Militärhilfe</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4039324-0</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="3"><subfield code="a">Militärische Kooperation</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4039338-0</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1950-1969</subfield><subfield code="A">z</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Erscheint auch als</subfield><subfield code="n">Online-Ausgabe, pdf</subfield><subfield code="z">978-0-8131-7796-0</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Erscheint auch als</subfield><subfield code="n">Online-Ausgabe, epub</subfield><subfield code="z">978-0-8131-7797-7</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031561256&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="q">BSB_NED_20200313</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-031561256</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">355.009</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09045</subfield><subfield code="g">51</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">355.009</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09045</subfield><subfield code="g">59</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">355.009</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09046</subfield><subfield code="g">51</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">355.009</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09046</subfield><subfield code="g">59</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
geographic | Nordvietnam (DE-588)4075485-6 gnd China (DE-588)4009937-4 gnd |
geographic_facet | Nordvietnam China |
id | DE-604.BV046181727 |
illustrated | Not Illustrated |
indexdate | 2024-07-10T08:37:30Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 9780813177946 |
language | English |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-031561256 |
oclc_num | 1142743838 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-12 |
owner_facet | DE-12 |
physical | xi, 283 Seiten Karten. - Karten |
psigel | BSB_NED_20200313 |
publishDate | 2019 |
publishDateSearch | 2019 |
publishDateSort | 2019 |
publisher | University Press of Kentucky |
record_format | marc |
spelling | Li, Xiaobing 1954- Verfasser (DE-588)142623385 aut Building Ho's army Chinese military assistance to North Vietnam Xiaobing Li Chinese military assistance to North Vietnam Lexington, Kentucky University Press of Kentucky [2019] xi, 283 Seiten Karten. - Karten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Introduction: Vietnamese request and Chinese intention -- Ho's China connection -- Advisors and aid -- Infantry rearmament, training, and operations -- Control and campaigns -- New standards, strategy, and artillery -- Dien Bien Phu: the taste of victory -- Postwar transformation and new geopolitics -- Conclusion: conflict and cooperation: friend or foe? "The Chinese have a decades long history of aiding the Vietnamese through military training, strategic advising, and monetary means. As a communist state bordering Vietnam, China actively supported Ho Chi Minh's wars against France from 1950 - 1954 and against America from 1965 - 1970. Even after the signing of the Geneva Peace Agreement, China continued its military assistance to North Vietnam. Between 1955 and 1963, Chinese military aid to Ho totaled $106 million, including weapons and ammunition that armed more than one hundred infantry battalions, or about 80,000 men. The massive contributions to North Vietnam enabled Ho to build up a strong conventional force. After 1964, China increased its aid, and from 1964 to 1973, it provided approximately $20 billion more in military and economic aid to Vietnam. Among the Communist states, China was the largest supplier of war materials to North Vietnam until 1967, supplying about 44.8 percent of total military aid that year. In Building Ho's Army: Chinese Military Assistance to North Vietnam, Xiaobing Li assembles a detailed overview of Chinese military aid, training, and cooperation with the North Vietnamese Army (NVA) in the 1950s and 60s. Western strategists and historians have long speculated about Chinese military assistance in the Vietnam War, but it was not until recently that newly available archival materials revealed the true extent of Chinese involvement. Li uses these new Communist sources in an unprecedented manner to offer a Chinese military perspective on the Vietnam War. This book builds upon previous scholarly efforts to add a better understanding of the ground-level contribution of China's effort to improve NVA combat effectiveness in the Vietnam War." Geschichte 1950-1969 gnd rswk-swf Militärhilfe (DE-588)4039324-0 gnd rswk-swf Militärische Kooperation (DE-588)4039338-0 gnd rswk-swf Nordvietnam (DE-588)4075485-6 gnd rswk-swf China (DE-588)4009937-4 gnd rswk-swf Vietnam / Quân đội nhân dân / History Military assistance, Chinese / Vietnam (Democratic Republic) Vietnam (Democratic Republic) / Military relations / China China / Military relations / Vietnam (Democratic Republic) Vietnam (Democratic Republic) / History, Military Vietnam / Quân đội nhân dân Military assistance, Chinese Military relations China Vietnam (Democratic Republic) History Military history China (DE-588)4009937-4 g Nordvietnam (DE-588)4075485-6 g Militärhilfe (DE-588)4039324-0 s Militärische Kooperation (DE-588)4039338-0 s Geschichte 1950-1969 z DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, pdf 978-0-8131-7796-0 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, epub 978-0-8131-7797-7 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031561256&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Li, Xiaobing 1954- Building Ho's army Chinese military assistance to North Vietnam Introduction: Vietnamese request and Chinese intention -- Ho's China connection -- Advisors and aid -- Infantry rearmament, training, and operations -- Control and campaigns -- New standards, strategy, and artillery -- Dien Bien Phu: the taste of victory -- Postwar transformation and new geopolitics -- Conclusion: conflict and cooperation: friend or foe? Militärhilfe (DE-588)4039324-0 gnd Militärische Kooperation (DE-588)4039338-0 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4039324-0 (DE-588)4039338-0 (DE-588)4075485-6 (DE-588)4009937-4 |
title | Building Ho's army Chinese military assistance to North Vietnam |
title_alt | Chinese military assistance to North Vietnam |
title_auth | Building Ho's army Chinese military assistance to North Vietnam |
title_exact_search | Building Ho's army Chinese military assistance to North Vietnam |
title_full | Building Ho's army Chinese military assistance to North Vietnam Xiaobing Li |
title_fullStr | Building Ho's army Chinese military assistance to North Vietnam Xiaobing Li |
title_full_unstemmed | Building Ho's army Chinese military assistance to North Vietnam Xiaobing Li |
title_short | Building Ho's army |
title_sort | building ho s army chinese military assistance to north vietnam |
title_sub | Chinese military assistance to North Vietnam |
topic | Militärhilfe (DE-588)4039324-0 gnd Militärische Kooperation (DE-588)4039338-0 gnd |
topic_facet | Militärhilfe Militärische Kooperation Nordvietnam China |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031561256&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
work_keys_str_mv | AT lixiaobing buildinghosarmychinesemilitaryassistancetonorthvietnam AT lixiaobing chinesemilitaryassistancetonorthvietnam |