Functions of the brain a conceptual approach to cognitive neuroscience
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
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London ; New York
Routledge
2020
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| Schriftenreihe: | Cognitive neuroscience
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| 100 | 1 | |a Kok, Albert |d 1939- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)1196144583 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Functions of the brain |b a conceptual approach to cognitive neuroscience |c Albert Kok |
| 264 | 1 | |a London ; New York |b Routledge |c 2020 | |
| 300 | |a xvi, 373 Seiten |b Illustrationen, Diagramme | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 0 | |a Cognitive neuroscience | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Gehirn |0 (DE-588)4019752-9 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Neuropsychologie |0 (DE-588)4135740-1 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 653 | 0 | |a Brain | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Cognitive neuroscience | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Brain | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Cognitive neuroscience | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contents 1 About the author xiv Preface xv The birth of cognitive neuroscience Introduction The development of cognitive neuroscience Behaviorism Cognitive psychology Cognitive neuroscience Cognitive neuroscience triangle Behavior Computations Brain The mind-brain A simple neurocognitive model Decomposing the mind-brain The global-local debate Lashley and Penfield Domain specificity and more Connectivity and the local-global controversy Methods in cognitive brain research Event-related potentials (ERPs) Imaging the structure and function of the brain (MRI, fMRI) Lesion studies Neural network modeling Brain connectivity studies Structural connectivity Functional connectivity Effective connectivity Contribution to cognitive neuroscience 1 1 2 2 4 5 6 6 7 8 9 9 12 14 15 17 18 18 19 21 22 24 25 26 26 28 30 v
CONTENTS 2 Introducing the brain: from synapse to networks Introduction Gross anatomy and function of the brain Cerebral cortex Spatial divisions Primary and secondary areas Connections Prefrontal cortex Evolution Limbic system Anatomy and function Cingulate gyrus Hippocampus Amygdala Septum Insula Basal ganglia Function Motor memory Motivation Thalamus and hypothalamus Brainstem Reticular formation Tectum and tegmentum Dopamine pathways Cerebellum Medulla and pons Connections in the brain: from neurons to networks Micro-level: neurons and synapses Growth and development Topographic, horizontal and vertical organization Cortical layers and columns Local networks in the cortex Subcortical nuclei Large-scale networks Imaging techniques Linking structural to functional networks Modeling functional networks Communication efficiency Cortical-subcortical networks VI 32 32 33 33 35 36 38 38 40 43 43 43 44 45 46 46 47 47 47 48 49 50 50 52 52 53 53 54 56 57 59 60 63 64 65 66 68 69 71 71
CONTENTS Laterality and the brain Introduction Anatomy and functions of the cerebral hemispheres Symmetries Connections of the corpus callosum Function of callosal connections Evolutionary perspectives Symmetry Asymmetry Control functions Handedness and language development Split-brain studies Generativity and syntax Varieties of laterality What is lateral ized? 3 Representation, computing and control Introduction A catalog of representations State of the brain Functional cerebral space Complex representations Conceptual knowledge Action representations Dispositional representations Self-representations Codes in the brain Local coding Vector coding How does the brain solve the binding problem? Binding units Interaction Synchronicity Top-down influences Synchronicity in imaging networks Computations in the brain Information processing models Input functions Central functions Input-output translation 72 72 73 73 75 77 78 79 79 80 80 82 84 85 86 89 89 91 91 92 94 94 96 97 97 98 98 98 101 102 103 103 104 105 105 106 107 107 109 vii
CONTENTS 4 Output functions Connection ist models Pattern-association networks Analyzing the functional properties of networks Computational modeling Control functions of the brain Automatic control Attentional and executive control Putting it together: hierarchical distributed networks The flexibility of neurocognitive networks 111 111 112 114 115 115 116 116 118 119 Activation, attention and awareness Introduction: the hierarchy of activation, attention and awareness Neurobiology of activation Introduction Thalamic nuclei Thalamocortical circuits (gate system) Extrathalamic pathways (gain system) Activation and stress Attention: manifestations, varieties and methods Selection as the core element of attention The manifestations of selective attention Reflexive and voluntary attention Reflexive attention Voluntary attention Bottleneck versus resource theories Filtermodels Resource models Early versus late selection Is spatial attention special? Feature integration Attentional neglect Memory and attention Neurobiology of attention Mechanisms of expression and control Expression mechanisms Control mechanisms Role of the thalamus Role of the superior colliculus Role of higher centers 122 122 126 126 127 128 129 129 131 131 132 133 134 134 139 139 140 141 142 143 144 146 148 150 151 154 156 157 158 VIII
CONTENTS 5 Empirical studies: ERP and fMRI Determining the direction of visual-spatial attention Complex cognitive tasks: ERP studies Cognitive control: the role of frontal cortical areas Awareness and consciousness Manifestations of consciousness Alertness Orienting Focused attention and working memory The self The unrestrained mind Default network Salience network Validating the salience network Constraints of task-free states of the brain 159 161 161 162 164 165 165 166 166 167 168 168 169 169 172 Perception and action Introduction Visual perception From eye to brain: geniculostriate and tectopuIvinary routes Geniculostriate route Tectopu Ivi nary route Further stations in the visual cortex, dorsal and ventral routes Visual illusions Higher-order vision How the senses interact Crossmodal plasticity in sensory deprived subjects Memory for faces Senses mislead Action systems Introduction: the hierarchical structure of the motor system Subcortical organization and circuits Complex and motor loops Inhibitory circuits between basal ganglia and cortex Cortical organization: three systems of motor control SMA: the action programming system Premotor cortex: the instructions-generating system Motor cortex: the movement execution system From perception to action Introduction 176 176 1 77 1 77 178 179 181 182 183 186 186 188 189 190 190 192 192 193 196 197 198 198 200 200 ix
CONTENTS 6 Perception-action cycle Response competition and affordanee The role of the parietal cortex revisited Oculomotor pathways Time perception Scalar expectancy theory (SET) Neural models of timing Striatal Beat Frequency Model (SBF) Aging and time perception 202 203 206 208 213 214 215 215 217 Memory systems Introduction: the multiple manifestations of memory Memory depends on functional cerebral space Anterior-posterior axis Left-right hemispheres Cortical-subcortical connections Memory also depends on the state of the brain Short-term versus long-term memories Explicit versus implicit memory The ins and outs of memory: encoding and retrieval Encoding Forms of retrieval Retrieval and forgetting Memory and the brain: varieties of memory Long-term memory Declarative (explicit) memory Non-declarative (implicit) memory Short-term memory as an activated subset of long-term memory Sensory memory and priming (route 1 ) Short-term memory as a portal to long-term memory (route 2) Working memory (route 3) Working memory Executive control Encoding and retrieval in explicit memory Prefrontal cortex Medial temporal regions Encoding and the hippocampus Retrieval and the hippocampus Reinstatement or transformation Explicit memory: circuits, deficits and mechanisms The binding role of the medial temporal region 220 220 222 222 223 224 224 224 225 225 226 226 228 229 229 230 231 232 234 234 234 235 238 238 239 241 241 242 242 243 243
CONTENTS 7 The circuitry of consolidation and retrieval The time course of consolidation Differential role of anterior and posterior zones of the hippocampal formation Schema updating Memory guided behavior Relational memory False memories The cellular basis of explicit learning Long-term potentiation Associative LTP The role of NMDA receptors Amnesia and deficits in consolidation Patient studies Animal studies of amnesia Cortical lesions Semantic dementia Agnosia Frontal lesions Implicit memory: priming, learning and mechanisms Priming Priming and habituation Characteristics of positive priming Right-hemisphere and priming Habit learning Sensorimotor learning Role of basal ganglia The time course of skill learning Cellular processes of elementary learning Habituation Sensitization Classical conditioning 245 246 Emotions Introducing emotions Classification of emotions Valence and intensity The level of organization: primary versus secondary emotions Level of experience: explicit or implicit Subprocesses of emotion 280 280 281 281 248 249 251 252 253 254 254 256 257 258 259 262 264 264 264 267 267 268 268 268 271 271 271 272 272 276 276 277 277 283 284 285 XI
CONTENTS Emotion and cognition Interactive model The function and expression of emotions The relationship between feelings and bodily reactions Feelings as the cause of bodily reactions Feelings as the result of bodily reactions Feelings and bodily reactions emitted as parallel reactions A parallel hierarchical model Learning emotions What triggers an emotion? Positive and negative reinforcers A classification of emotions based on reinforcers Primary and secondary reinforcers The drive for curiosity and information seeking Implicit emotional learning Augmented startle Fear conditioning: direct and indirect afferent routes Affective priming Explicit emotional learning Neuroaffective networks Components of the neuroaffective network Structure and function of the amygdala Orbitofrontal cortex Anterior cingulate cortex Where do emotional memories reside? Explicit affective memory Reconsolidation Implicit affective memory Pattern association networks in the amygdala Back projections Circuits of primary and secondary emotions Primary emotions Secondary emotions Emotions and decision making Somatic markers Reinforcement guided decisions Neurotransmitters and emotions Medial forebrain bundle 285 285 287 288 288 289 289 290 292 292 293 294 295 296 297 297 299 300 301 303 304 304 307 309 310 310 311 313 313 315 315 315 316 317 317 319 321 321
CONTENTS Locus coeruleus-noradrenergic system Dopamine and emotions Enhancement of positive reinforcers Emotional learning and dopamine Depression: the role of noradrenaline, serotonin and stress hormones Noradrenaline Serotonin Stress hormones Summarizing neurotransmitters and depression Depression and disturbed functional connectivity in the brain 322 323 323 324 325 325 326 326 327 328 Epilogue 331 References 334 Index ■ 365 XIII
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| indexdate | 2024-07-10T08:33:21Z |
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| isbn | 9781138323681 9781138323834 |
| language | English |
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| physical | xvi, 373 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme |
| publishDate | 2020 |
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| series2 | Cognitive neuroscience |
| spelling | Kok, Albert 1939- Verfasser (DE-588)1196144583 aut Functions of the brain a conceptual approach to cognitive neuroscience Albert Kok London ; New York Routledge 2020 xvi, 373 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Cognitive neuroscience Gehirn (DE-588)4019752-9 gnd rswk-swf Neuropsychologie (DE-588)4135740-1 gnd rswk-swf Brain Gehirn (DE-588)4019752-9 s Neuropsychologie (DE-588)4135740-1 s DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-0-429-45117-1 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031415665&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Kok, Albert 1939- Functions of the brain a conceptual approach to cognitive neuroscience Gehirn (DE-588)4019752-9 gnd Neuropsychologie (DE-588)4135740-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4019752-9 (DE-588)4135740-1 |
| title | Functions of the brain a conceptual approach to cognitive neuroscience |
| title_auth | Functions of the brain a conceptual approach to cognitive neuroscience |
| title_exact_search | Functions of the brain a conceptual approach to cognitive neuroscience |
| title_full | Functions of the brain a conceptual approach to cognitive neuroscience Albert Kok |
| title_fullStr | Functions of the brain a conceptual approach to cognitive neuroscience Albert Kok |
| title_full_unstemmed | Functions of the brain a conceptual approach to cognitive neuroscience Albert Kok |
| title_short | Functions of the brain |
| title_sort | functions of the brain a conceptual approach to cognitive neuroscience |
| title_sub | a conceptual approach to cognitive neuroscience |
| topic | Gehirn (DE-588)4019752-9 gnd Neuropsychologie (DE-588)4135740-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Gehirn Neuropsychologie |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031415665&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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