Sarah Schenirer and the Bais Yaakov Movement a revolution in the name of tradition
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contents List of Illustrations xi Note on Transliteration xiv Introduction i PART ONE A HISTORY OF A REVOLUTION 1. In a Place Where There Are No Men : Before Bais Yaakov 17 2. A New Thing that Our Ancestors Never Imagined : Beginnings (1917-1924) 51 3. Building Bais Yaakov : Institution and Charisma 69 4. So Shall You Say to the House of Jacob : Forging the Discourse of Bais Yaakov 108 5. ‘A New Kind of Woman : Bais Yaakov as Traditionalist Revolution i44 Epilogue Bais Yaakov, Let Us Walkin the Light of the Lord : Destruction and Rebirth 205 PART TWO COLLECTED WRITINGS SARAH SCHENIRER Translator s Note 227 Foreword to the 1955 Edition 229 RABBI SHLOMO ROTENBERG Foreword to the 1933 Edition 234 CENTRAL SECRETARIAT OF BNOS AGUDATH ISRAEL IN POLAND
CONTENTS A Letter from the Hafets Hayim 236 Introduction to the 1955 Edition 238 VICHNA KAPLAN I. Pages from My Life 241 II. Bais Yaakov and Bnos Agudath Israel 253 III. The Jewish Year 287 IV. Jewish Women s Lives: The Sacred Obligations of the Jewish Woman 328 V. Ten Letters to Jewish Children 337 VI. A Letter from Mrs Schenirer, May She Rest in Peace 356 VII. With Perseverance and Faith: From Kraków to New York 363 APPENDICES A. From the Diary 369 B. Sarah Schenirer s Family Tree 381 C. Map of Sarah Schenirer s Kraków 387 D. Maps of Bais Yaakov Schools, 1935 391 (1) in Poland and Lithuania (2) in Austria, Czechoslovakia, Romania, and Hungary E. The Bnos Agudath Israel Anthem 395 Bibliography 399 Index of Citations 4η Index of Subjects 415
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400 BIBLIOGRAPHY BAUMiNGER, ARYEH (ed.), A Mother in Israel: Memorial Book for Sarah Schenirer [Em beyisra’el: sefer zikaron lesarah shenirer] (Benei Berak, 1983). BECHHOFER, SHOSHANA m., Ongoing Constitution of Identity and Educational Mis sion of Bais Yaakov Schools: The Structuration of an Organizational Field as the Unfolding of Discursive Logics (Ph.D. diss., Northwestern University, 2004). BENiscH, pearl, Carry Me in Your Heart: The Life and Legacy of Sarah Schenirer, Founder and Visionary of the Bais Yaakov Movement (Jerusalem, 1991). ----- To Vanquish the Dragon, 2nd edn. (Jerusalem, 1991). BEN-RivKAH, Two Kinds of Jewish School (Yid.), Bais YaakovJournal, 3/3 (1926), 78-80. berger, benjamin , On the Education of Girh [Amirah levat ya akov: devarim ahadim le’avot ve’imahot al hinukh habanot] (Budapest, 1924). BERGNER, hinde, On Long Winter Nights: Memoirs of aJewish Family in a Galician Town ship, 1870-1900, trans, and ed. Justin Daniel Cammy (Cambridge, Mass., 2005). biale, rachel, WomenandJewish Law (New York, 1984). Birnbaum, nathan, In Exile amongJews [In goles bay yidn] (Zurich, 1920). Birnbaum, solomon, Lady or Woman (Yid.), Bais YaakovJournal, 128 (1935), 10. ----- Ά Problem (Yid.) [on textbooks for Orthodox boys], Bats YaakovJournal, 94-5 (1932), 32· Unheroic Conduct: The Rise of Heterosexuality and the Invention of the Jewish Man (Berkeley, Calif., 1997). Bristow, Edward j., Prostitution and Prejudice: TheJewish Fight against White Slavery, 1870-1939 (New York, 1983), 234-6. brown, benjamin, ‘On the Value of Torah Study for Women in the Hafets
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Index of Subjects Page numbers in italics refer to illustrations. BY: Bais Yaakov; SS: Sarah Schenirer A Aboab, Isaac 30,281,295 Abraham (biblical figure) 131,133 n., 137 n., 261,293,298,305,348 Abramowicz, Y. Μ. 7 η. Adam (biblical figure) 348 Adler, Eliyana 32 agrarian colonization 124 n. Agudah Women of America 222 Agudath Israel: aims 145 Central Committee 283 educators at yeshivas 153 and female suffrage 179-80 founding 27-8 ideological identities of 146-7 ideological purity of members 188-9 and immigration certificates 177-9 inside-outsider’ position of 175 and leadership of BY 83,283,284 and modernity 145 and Polish politics 34 transliteration of name 11 see aho conferences/ congresses; Horev Educational Organization; Keren Hatorah Agudath Yeshurun 25 agunot 38-42,175,272 Ahot Hatemimim 157 η. Akiva, Rabbi 255,312η., збі n., 378 Aliza, В., Awake!’ 120-1 Alter, Abraham Mordecai (Gerer Rebbe) 20, 27,32,81,94,157,177,211,219,270,274 η. Alter, Feyge Mintshe Biderman 270,274 Alter-Rappaport, Rivka 206 Amalek (biblical figure) 302-3 American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee 175 n., 176 American Women’s Association Club House 176 η. Anderson, Benedict 120 anthems: of BY movement 3,5,120 of Bnos Agudath Israel 126-7,396-7 Araten, Michalina 20 Araten case 20 arts 95,125 asceticism 65,77-8,171 Asher ben Jehiel Ashkenazi (Rosh) 255 astronomy 140,328-30 Augustiańska Street (Kraków) 72,79,105-6, 201 η., 204 η., 283 Auschwitz 203η., 206 Austria: BY schools in 92,206,394 sex trafficking in 26 η. see also Vienna Austro-Hungarian empire 19,248 Avni, Michal Schenirer 203 n.
Azulai, Hayim Yosef David (Hida) 243 n. В Ba’al Shem Tov (Yìsroel ben Eliezer; the Besht) 332-3 Bach, the, see Sirkis, Joel ben Samuel Bach, Ari 7 η. Bacon, Gershon 22 n., 24,75,145,162,170, 175,179,180 n., 188 Bahya Ibn Pakuda, Duties of the Heart 279 Bais Yaakov central offices: in Kraków 87-8,90 in Łódź 88 in London 176
416 INDEX OF SUBJECTS Bais Yaakov central offices (cont.): loss of 211-12 male staff at 92 in Vienna 176 in Vilna 88 in Warsaw 86,87-8 Bais YaakovJournal 354 aims in-12,133 anthems/hymns in 126-7 articles / columns in: on BY history 220; on BY schools 90; by Nathan Birnbaum 182; by Solomon Birnbaum 182; on conferences 83-6,154; on death of SS 203-4; on equal rights for women 179; on Άη Evening of Debate 124; ‘From Sister to Sister’ 124; ‘Give Us a Holding!’ 178; on interactions with secular Jews 123; ‘Jewish Women and Torah Study’ (Schnur) 136; onjubilee of 267-9; ‘Leah Halpern—The Young Artist’ (Schwartzman) 125; on opening of Teacher’s Seminary 104; on organizations for women 39; ‘Schoolbooks for Bais Yaakov Schools’ (Gutentag) 152; on suffrage for women 179; on Tarbut Zionist Hebrew school system 168; Three Arrested Women’ (Lipmanovitch) 171; on Tsene-rene 183; on Tu Be’av celebration 172; ‘The Woman Question’ (Orlean) 133; ‘Women and Family’ (Hirsh) 131; ‘Women in Judaism (Gutentag) 128-9; on worldly accomplishments of women 125; on youth movements no; see abo Schenirer, Sarah: writings confronting challenges in 123-4 design of 113-19 engagement/marriage announcements in 201 and feminism 177-9,180-1 first issue 111-12 founding 73,111,284 gender discourse in 125,128-9,131,133-3 as imagined community 120 influence of 112,127 η. Kindergarten (children’s supplement) 73, 231,284,337,354 male writers in 126-8 mention of 12,68,337 missionary character 122 naming practices in 201 New Saplings (children’s supplement) 231, 354 office of 73,94,203 photographs in 192 poems in
120-1,127 purpose in-12,120,133 reader surveys in 122-3 topics discussed in 125 women praised in 47,127-8 women writers in 120-1 Wschód (‘East’; Polish supplement) 73,184 Yiddish special issue 182 n., 278 Bais Yaakov movement: aims: education of girls 135,176; feminist 180; protection of girls 44,175-6; restoring the Jewish home 58,112,145, 147,177 annual conventions 4,220 anthem 3,5,120 appeal of 180 and censorship: of its own history 9 n. character: ascetic 65,77-8,171; changes in, after Second World War 212-18; egalitarian 173-4; haredi 58; innovative 103,145,149; pan-hasidic 155; purity 141; revolutionary/pioneering 5-8,18,102, 145; traditional 5,147 commemoration 220,222 competitors: socialist youth movements 170-1; Tarbut Zionist Hebrew school system i68֊70;Zionistyouth movements 167-8 conferences, see conferences Convention 4 debating culture of 125 development of 62-3,249-52 educators at 153 foundational myth of 3,6-7,51-2 funds Torah scroll for summer camp 166
INDEX OF SUBJECTS fundraising for 88,162,173,175 n., 176 n., 207 gender discourse in 133-5 gender relations 92-5,98-9 gender segregation at 102,149 influence of: on hasidism 154; on OrthodoxJudaism 76,141,145; on yeshivas 36 η. influences on/models for: Agudath Israel 102; Bais YaakovJournal 112; charismatic movement 78-9,99,103; feminism 174-81,216; hasidic courts 157; hasidism 146,154; heders 63-5,161; ideologies 146-7,167,186-7; neo-Orthodoxy и, 46, 102,146,148; socialism 170-2; total institutions 75-6,162; traditional family 189; yeshivas 146,160-3; Yiddishism 181-4 institutionalization 7,79, 83,91-2,99; and charisma 104; role of gender in 92; SS s concerns about 104-7 kinship in 54,147,189-90,191,193,199-200, 221-2 leadership of: by Agudath Israel 83,283, 284; male 68,92 marketing of 186 and modesty 173 naming of 138 naming practices in 201 opponents of 149,152, Г55,170,211; ridiculed by 55-6; Zionism 146-7,168 and pilgrimages 2,158-9 plays 9,54,85,95,97,170,186,188 n., 199, 248; and gender segregation 95-6 publications of 73; see also Bais Yaakov Journal relationships: with Bnos Agudath Israel 75; with Havatselet school system 32; with Keren Hatorah 72-3,87, in, 162, 175 η., 230,284 religious observance at 133-5,189-90 routinization of 76, 86, 88,104 after Second World War 212-18 summer colonies 76; atmosphere at 92-3; injordanów 136,259,285; lecturers at 92,161,284; in Rabka 44 n., 48,74,93 n., 163 n., 192,285; in Robów 93 n., 259,284 417 support for: by Beizer Rebbe 18,35,154, 250; by Gerer Rebbe 2i9;byHafets Hayim 30 n., 236; male 215 tensions within 137,217-18
transliteration of name 11 and Tu Be av celebration 172-3 as two movements 61-3 in USA: commemoration 220; conventions of 4; and female domesticity 214-15 Bais Yaakov press 354 η. Bais Yaakov Ruf 73,140,181 n. Bais Yaakov schools: aims 135,253-9 in Argentina 212 in Austria 92,206,394 Bais Yaakov ďGur 218 in Belgium 62,212 boarding school 77-8,171,231 in Brazil 212 in Brooklyn: Boro Park 1,220; posters for 209; SS on 363-4; Williamsburg 166 n., 208 n., 210,220,363 budget of 173-4 in Canada 62,206,211-13,220 and central offices 90 ; see abo Bais Yaakov central offices classrooms 80 closing/reopening of 89 curricula 64,71 n., 84; adapted from Reabchulen 148; commentaries/homiletics 163; exclusion of Talmud 163; professionalization of 71; secular subjects 149; sewing and handiwork 64,70 in Cyprus 206 in Czechoslovakia 61-2,72 n., 206,394 dormitories 77,79,80,161,163,208 in England 212 fifteenth anniversary of 353-5 in France 62,206,212 in Germany 206 growth 79, 85,254-5,283; constraints on 84,85; international 72-3,75,92,206; in Poland 69,71-2,92; after the war 206
INDEX OF SUBJECTS Bais Yaakov schools (cont.): in Hungary 206,394 in Israel: Benei Berak ioo, 153 n., 214,215; and female domesticity 214-15; founding of 206-7,211-12; fragmentation of 218-19; Jerusalem 207,2x2 n., 220; Tel Aviv 206-7 in Italy 206 libraries of 188 in Lithuania 392-3 mission of 253-9 opening of 90-1 in Poland, see Poland professionalization of 86,87,112 recruitment for 167 report card of 130-1 in Romania 72 η., 206,394 in Russia 212 during / after Second World War 205-6 selectivity of 162 η. in Shanghai 206 in South Africa 212 students of, see Bais Yaakov students in Switzerland 62,212 textbooks 354 types 69,71,84 in USA 62; founding 206,207-8,211-13; fragmentation 218; SS on 363-4 vocational training at 71,132-3, 149, 218 and Yavneh schools 100-3 see abo Bais Yaakov teachers’ seminaries Bais Yaakov students: background of 170,218 boarding with local families 160 as dreamers 186 first 138,221 ideological purity of 188 motive for attending: BY schools 186; BY teachers’ seminaries 186; economic 105,186 parents of 89 Bais Yaakov teachers: boarding with local families 162,190 ideological purity of 187-9 independence of 190 marriages of 201 removal from home 190-1 role in local schools 88-9 during Second World War 205-6 strike 186 teaching at non-BY schools 90 training 61,84, 85 Bais Yaakov teachers’ seminaries: admission requirements 148 inCzernowitz 72,231 development of 64 as elite institutions 62 examinations of 275-7 in Kraków: atmosphere 162,189-90; emissaries from 62-3; facilities 54,80; founding 61,71-2; fundraising for 175 n.; opening 104-5; sabbath
observance at 189-90; Student Union at 171-2 languages of instruction 184 map of distribution of 392-3 network of 61-2 recruitment for 85,208,285 teacher-student relationships 98,189 in Vienna 68,72 Bakst, Baila, In a Place Where There Are No Men’ 17 Bar Kokhba revolt 323 η. Baruch, Yitzhak 243 η. Baumel, Judith Tydor 222 n. В auminger, Judith 231 Bayerischer Hof hotel 269 n., 270,273 Bechhofer, Shoshana: on BY origins 5 n., 7 n. on BY schools in USA 212 on ВY’s identity 82 on cornerstone-laying ceremony 104 on Orthodox responses to feminism 216 on revolutionary image of BY girl 217 on SS 47 on value ofJewish education for women 215 on women’s Torah study 164 Beigel, Faiga 205 Beitar 323 Bełżec 203
INDEX OE SUBJECTS Beker Rebbe, see Rokeach, Shalom; Rokeach, Yehoshua; Rokeach, Yissachar Dov BenAzzai շւո.,23 Bender-Epstein, Basya 162 n., 191 Benei Berak 100,153 ո., 214,215,2i8 Benet, Mordecai 257 Benisch, Pearl 20ın. Carry Mein Your Heart 220-1 on first BY class 138 η. of Last Will and Testament 356 n. on SS 18,48-9,58,60,77 η., 199,204 n. Benjamin, tribe of 323 Bergen-Belsen 206 Berger, Benjamin 28 Bergner, Hinde 64 η. Berliner, Nuta 354 η. Besht, see Ba al Shem Tov BethJacob Monthly 7 n., 211 Biale, Rachel 24 BidermannJ. M. 68 Biegun, Yosef 232 Bikhova 190 The Binding of Isaac (play) 95 Birenbaum, Devorah 138 n. Birenbaum, Hindy 138 η. Birkenau 206 Birnbaum, Nathan 124 η., 181-2 Birnbaum, Solomon (Shloyme) 48,92,153 η., ւ8շ, і8з, 185,278 ո., շ8օ Birnbaum, Uriel 81,182 η. bitter herbs 308 Blau, Rochel (Lieberman), ‘Sarah Schenker, Mother of Bais Yaakov’ 3 blessings 65-6,282,324-7 Bloch joseph Leib 32, ιοί Bnos Agudath Israel 68 aims 262 anthem 126-7,396-7 conferences, see conferences debate, enthusiasm for 125 founding 53,60,75 ‘Hymn of the Bnos Agudas Israel (Nadler) 126-7 libraries of 54,188 members: ideological purity of 171; and 419 immigration certificates for Palestine 178-9 and rabbinic authority 175 SS on 60-1,260-7 summer colonies of 48,59,76 transliteration of name и and Tu Be’ av celebration 172 urban kibbutz of 171 in USA 211 and Yiddishism 181,182,185 BnotBatya 75,211 Bobov 157,158 n. Bobover Rebbe 157,218,283 Bondi, Ernestine 270,274,275 n. Bonhart, Simha Bunim of Peshischa 355 n. Boyaner Rebbe 136 Boyarin, Daniel 33,43 n. Bratislava 47 n., 61-2 Brest
(Belarus) 91 n., 199 Breuer, Isaac 4 n. Breuer, Salomon 47 η. Brisk (Brest, Belarus) 91η., 199 Brown, Benjamin 30 η. C candle-lighting 297 η., 298,300 Çaplan, Beatrice Lang 127-8,188 Carlebach, Emanuel 32 Carlebach,Joseph 50,101 Central Committee (Agudath Israel) 283 charismatic movements 76-7 BY as 78-9,99,103 Chilion (biblical figure) 314 Chotsch, Tsevi Hirsh ben Yerahmiel 242 n. Christianity, conversion to 20 n. Cohen, Naomi 163 η. Cohen, Pinchas 50 Cohen, Roni 222 n. communism 187-8 Compulsory Education Law (1869) 19 conferences / congresses: Agudath Israel: female speakers at 82; Katowice (1912) 27-8; Warsaw (1930) 182 n.; World Congress (Vienna, 1923) 72,162; World Congress (Vienna, 1929) 38,39,40,175,269,270,271,272-5
420 INDEX OF SUBJECTS conferences/congresses (cont.): Bais Yaakov: of administrators (1930) 164, 169-70; Warsaw (1925) 83-6,112,284 Bnos Agudath Israel 285; Łódź (1926) 285; Łódź (1929) 39,154; Pabianice (1930) 278; use of Yiddish at 185 Jewish Association for the Protection of Girls and Women (London, 1927) 40,44 n„ 174 Jüdische Frauenbund (Hamburg, 1929) 272 η. Neshei Agudath Israel (Vienna, 1929) 232 η., 269 η., 271 rabbinical (Kraków, 1903) 22-4,108-9 Tse’irei Agudath Israel (Kovno, 1918) ιοί WIZO: Warsaw (1929) 154,272 n.; Zurich (1929) 39,272 η. Women s Conference (Vienna, 1929) 39 World Congress ofJewish Women (Hamburg, 1929) 39,154,175 Cwiszn (magazine) 369 Cysho Yiddish school system, see schools Czernowitz (Chernivtsi) 72,231 D Dancyger, Shmuel Tsvi 27 Dánsky, Miriam 51 David (biblical figure) 248,261,279,291,315, 317,325,358, Յ62,370,375 Day ofJudgement (yom hadin) 289-93 Day of Remembrance (yom hazikaron) 289֊ 93 derekh erets 25,31 n., 148,149,236 n. Deutscher, Moshe 231,283 Deutschländer, Leo 40,44 n., 50,68,72,93, 230 260,285 at cornerstone-laying ceremony 81 correspondence of 176 director of Yanveh teacher training 101 lecturer at summer colonies 284 speeches 38,174,284; on BY boarding school 77-8; on BY teachers seminary 64; on Bnos Agudath Israel 175; obscuring SS s role in Bais Yaakov 87; on SS 38,49,58,141-3,197,204; on Student Union 171-2 and teacher training 61 visit to Kraków 73 displaced persons camps 206 Długosiodło 166 doktor rabbiners 32 dress, Jewish 173,309,324 Dushinsky, Yosef Zvi 207 E Edah Haharedit (Orthodox Council of Jerusalem) 207
education, Jewish Orthodox: ‘How Should a Jew Educate His Child?’ (brochure) 5 of men: formal 25 η.; in heders 152,169; in Lithuania 32; modernization of 145; in Reahchulen 30-1; religious, see Torah study, yeshivas; at Yavneh schools 101 of SS 241-2,243,370-1 of women 18; at BY schools, see Bais Yaakov schools; changing views on 27-8,34,128-30; in gymnasia 32, ioi;in lieders 31-2,64-5,162,257; inherent value of 129-30; neo-Orthodoxy’s views on 129-30; organized/formal 7,21-2, 30-1; in Reahchulen 30-1; religious, see Torah study; secular 19-20; traditional home 18,21,30 η., 31-2; vocational 71, 131-2,149,218,255; at Yavneh schools 101 see aho schools egalitarianism 173-4 Ehrentreu, Dr 284 Eisen, Vidma, see Kaplan-Eisen, Vichna Eisenstein, Miriam 69 n., 71 n., 174 n. Eliezer, Rabbi 21 n., 23-4,29,36-7,129 EliezerbenHisma 328 Elij ah ben Solomon (Vilna Gaon) 279 Elimelekh (biblical figure) 314 Elkanah (biblical figure) 294,296 Ephraim, Moses Hayim of Sudilkov, Degel mahaneh efrayim 332-3 Epstein, Basya (later Bender) 162 n., 191 eshet hayil ideal 132,136-7,165,214-15,216, 220 Esther (biblical figure) 304-5,338
INDEX OF SUBJECTS Esther (BY teacher) 62 n., 90-1 on admission to seminary 173 n. on Bnos Agudath Israel debates 125 on independence 190 on interactions with secularJews 122 reading habits 187 on reasons for attending seminary 186 on socialist youth movements 171 on Torah study 163 on Zionist girls 167 Etzion, Isaac Raphael 101 Eve (biblical figure) 60,348 Eybeschiitz,Jonathan 257 Ezra (youth movement) 53, no, in n., 153 n. F Falk, Jacob Joshua, Peneiyehosh.ua 257 n. falsehood 339֊40 Feinstein, Moshe 37 η., 199 ո. Feldman, Chaya, ‘Ninety-Three Bais Yaakov Girls 221 Feldman, Miriam 58 Feldman, Wilhelm 374 η. feminism: and Bais YaakovJournal 177-9,180-1 as challenge to Orthodoxy 133,174 n., 216 influence on BY movement 174-81,216 Ferdinand II, king of Aragon 318 Perverts (magazine) 56 Feygenberg, Rachel 180 First World War 17,34 Flesch, Moses David: lectures 244-5,281 sermons 17,43 η., 45,148,244-5 Fortbildungskurs (teacher-training course) 61,85 Franz Joseph I, emperor of Austria 248 Freud, Sigmund 105-6 Friedenson, Eliezer Gershon 68,71 n., 231, 267 at Bais YaakovJournal 73,75, ա at BY press 354 η. founding of Bnos Agudath Israel 53,60 fundraising in Israel 207 leading BY schools 205 as lecturer 92 421 obscuring SS s role 86-7 speeches 284 on SS 56 η. writings: Mama’s Will 5 n.; ‘The Tongue in a Mother’s Mouth’ 183 Friedenson, Joseph 145 on BY central offices 86 on BY schools 72,91 on comparing education for boy and girls 145 on gender and religious knowledge 66 on Rabbi Flesch’s sermon 45-6 n. on SS’s death 193 on SS’s piety 199 on summer colonies 92-3 on Torah study by
women 47-8,164 Zionist sympathies 168 n. Friedman, Aleksander Zysha 68, 84, 86,92, 231,284 Friedman, Menachem 161,162,191,214 Friedman, Moshe 94 Fristik (Frysztak) 236 Froyen Shtim (monthly) 41 Fuchs, Han 43,215 fundraising, for BY 88,162,173,175 n., 176 n., 207 G Galicia 20,26-7,29,32,64 n., 333 Gamliel the Prince 328 Ganzfned, Solomon, see Küsur shulhan arukh Garfmkle, Chana Wiselewsky 106,201-2 n. Garrin, Stephen Howard 205 Gefen,A. no gematriya 138,361 gender relations 130-2,133,136 and BY movement 92-5,98-9 cross-dressingforbidden 136 and family structure 214-15 and marital imbalance 219-20 in responsa 94 segregation 81-2,92-6,142; at BY 102, 149; in youth movements no-11 see aho women and under Bais Yaakov Journal generation gap 160
422 INDEX OF SUBJECTS Ger, see Góra Kalwaria Gerer Rebbe, see Alter, Abraham Mordecai German language 184 Germany 26 n., i44,163 ո., 2օ6,274,334 see also neo-OrthodoxJudaism Geshtetner, Samuel Judah 211 Ginsparg Klein, Leslie 4,213,217 n., 221 Gliksman, Pinchas-Zelig 172 Goldschmidt, Franziska 269 n., 270,274 Goldshtoff, Esther 231 Goliath (biblical figure) 315 Goodman, Anni (niece of SS) 203 n. Goodman, Michael (great-nephew of SS) 203 η. Gora, Yatìfa 17 ո., 186,190 Góra Kalwaria 158 ո., 371 Gordon, Yehudah Leib 121 Goworowo 89,93,147 Greenbaum, Abraham 31,32 Greenberg, Blu 42 Greenberg, Michael 186 n. Greenfeld, Chava 139 Grodzinski, Chaim Ozer 270 Grodzinski, Leah 270 Gross, Rachel 281 Grossfeld-Biegun, Chanah 232 Gross-Hamburger, Esther 20 n., 72,158,231 Gross-Pastog, Baila 231 Grunfeld, Dayan Isidor 221 Grunfeld-Rosenbaum, Judith 124η., 192, 230, 2бо anecdotes told by 62 on asceticism 170-1 on BY 51,103; boarding school 78; lecturers 161 on being associated with SS 221 on Bobov opposition 155 on cornerstone-laying ceremony 79,81, 82,104 lobbying for BY 103 marriage 201,221 on Realschule 46 η. recruitment of 85 on relationships with students 60 on religious observance at BY 134 on SS s lessons 85 on SS s spiritual aspirations 197 teacher at BY 284 travels of 157 at World Congress (1929) 269 n. on youth movements no Grynberg, Sara 125-6 n. Gutentag, Tuvye Yehudah (Tavyomi) 58, 179,216 ‘Schoolbooks for Bais Yaakov Schools 152 ‘Women in Judaism 128-9 H Habad-Lubavitch circles 154 Habbakuk (biblical figure) 361-2 Hafets Haim, see Kagan (Hakohen), Israel Meir haftarah 297
Hakohen, Aaron Mendel 22,24 Hakohen, Bezalel 241 Hakohen, Elijah, Shevet musar 355 η. Hakohen, Isaac ben Jacob Alfasi 255 Hakohen, Shabbatai (the Shakh), Siftei hohen 241 n. Halberstadt, Dr 101 Halberstam, Ben Zion 218,283 Halberstam, Hayim Yoel (Sanzer Rebbe) 28, 155 η., 241,25m. Halberstam, Mrs (descendant of the Sanzer Rebbe, early helper of SS) 66,251 Hallel service 300 Halpern, Yocheved ljo-i Halshtok, Chana (Chantshe) Baila 187-9 Hamburg 39,154,175,272 n. Hamburger, Esther, see Gross-Hamburger, Esther Hamitspeh (newspaper) 25 Haninah, Rabbi 347 Hannah (biblical figure) 46 n., 294-5,296 Hannah (BY student) 124 Hanukah 17,296-300 ¡türediJudaism 58,153 n., 219 Hartman, Tova 173 hasidism: courts: BY women visit 157-8; non-Jews at 158 η.; power struggles between 35; women support 155 η.
INDEX OF SUBJECTS influence of BY on 36 n., 154,157 influence on BY 146,154 and pilgrimages 2,157 in Poland 27 η. and school systems for girls 211 Hasmoneans 298 Hatam Sofer, see Schreiber, Moses Hayim Ibn Atar, Or hahayim 280 Haynt (daily newspaper) 95 Hazon Ish, see Karelitz, Abraham Hebrew language 11,101-2 heders: for boys 152,169 for girls 31-2,63-5,162,257 Heilman, Samuel 213,214 n. Heimer, Meir 231 HerderJohann Gottfried von 135 n., 273 n. Herzl, Theodor 52 Heshvan 293-6,337 HezekiahbenManoah 307 η. Hida, see Azulai, Hayim Yosef David Hildesheimer, Meyer 40 n. Hirsch, Samson Raphael 46,53,67,270, 275 η., 290 founding Reabchule 30-1 on gender division 130-2 on Mensch Yisroel 129,149,163 n., 264 and neo-Orthodoxy 47 writings 360; commentaries 332; on gender division 131-2; Horeb 109-10, 256,358; Neunzehn Briefe no, 123-4,148; ‘Women and Family according to the Talmud 131 see abo neo-OrthodoxJudaism The Hbtory of Torah Education (Sorasky) 20 n. Hiya, Rabbi 311 Hokleybra’el 243 η. Holofernes (biblical figure) 17 n., 45,304-5 Horev Educational Organization 68,69 n., 87,88,92,174 n. Horowitz, Hayim Leibush 22,24 Horowitz, Pinhas 108 Horowitz, Samuel 357 n. Hungary 26 n., 206,309 n., 394 Hyman, Paula 41η., 130 423 I Ibn Ezra, Abraham ben Meir 255 Ibn Tibbon, Samuel 332 Immanuel (West Bank settlement) 219 International Conference for the Protection ofJewish Girls and Women (1927) 40, 44 η., 174 Isaac (biblical figure) 193,261,292-3,305 Isaac ben Elyakim, Sefer lev tov 295 n. Isaac benJudah (Abarbanel) 255 Der Israelit (weekly newspaper) 53 n. Isserles, Moses i n. J Jay,
Minia 168 n. Jerusalem 207,212 η., 220,320,321 Jewish Association for the Protection of Girls and Women 26 η., 40,44 η., 174 Jewish Culture Festival (Kraków) 1 Jewish Daily Bulletin (newspaper) 269 n. Jewish International Conference on White Slavery (1927) 40,44 n., 174 Jewbh Observer (magazine) 214,215,216,217 Jewish Women s League, seeJüdische Frauenbund Jordanów 136,259,285 Joshua, Rabbi 328 Joshua (biblical figure) 348 Joseph and Hb Brothers (play) 97 jubilee commandments 267-8 Judah (son of Jacob; biblical figure) 297 Judah Halevi 299 Judah Maccabee 297 Judah the Prince 299 Judaism, see haredi; hasidism; neoOrthodox; Orthodox Jüdische Frauenbund (Jewish Women s League) 26,38-9,174 η., 175, 272 n. Jüdische Zeitung 152 Judith (biblical figure) 17-18,45՜7.244՜5,3°4 Jung, Leo 48,92,176 η. К kabbalistic terminology 160 Kacyzne, Alter 31 Kaddish 221-2
INDEX OF SUBJECTS 424 Kagan (Hakohen), Israel Meir (Hafets Haim) 29-30, 93-4,236-7 Kaplan, Abraham Eliyahu 101 Kaplan, Boruch 166 n., 208 Kaplan-Eisen, Vichna 166 n., 124 n., 199 n., 220,221 establishing BY school 206,208 introduction to Collected Writings 165,227, 238-40 on recruiting students 208 on teaching 8,91 n. Karelitz, Abraham (Hazon Ish) 153 n., 214 Karminski, Hannah 174 η. Karo, Joseph, see Shulhan arukh kashrut 331-6 Katarzyna Street (Kraków) 64,72,106,171, 202 η., 204 η. Katowice 27-8 Katz, Jacob 144,184 Katzberg, David Zvi 248 n. Kazdan, Chaim Szloma 7-8 n., 71 n., 77,83, 169 Kazimierz Dolny 98 kehilah (community) elections 179,180 n. Keren Hatorah: and BY movement 72-3, 87, in, 162,175 n., 230,284 founding 68,72,162 leadership 68 lecturers for summer colonies 48 offices 88 Khinukh (adult education club) 96 kibbutzim, urban 71,171,206 Kieval, Hillel 146 kinship: in BY movement 54,147,189-90,191,193, 199-200,221-2 in literary generations 200 terminology of 54,147,193 Kirschenbaum, Eliyahu 180 n. Kirzner, Frumi 221 Küsur shulhan arukh (Solomon Ganzfried) 295,336 Kleńczyk, Mariana 390 Klepfish, Breindel 189-90 Klepfish, Heshl 120,250 η. Klepfisz, Irena 216 η. Kluger, Anna 66 Kohn, Pinchas 32,285 Kohut, Rebekah 44 n., 176 n. Koidanover, Tsevi Hirsh 295 n. kolelim (institutes for full-time Torah study) 214 Kordeckiego Street (Kraków) 106,203, 204 η. Kornitzer, Yosef Nechemya (Krakówer Rav) 285 Kotzker Rebbe, see Morgensztern, Menachem Mendel Kovno (Kaunas) 73, ιοί, 205 Kraków: BY central office in 87-8,90 BY schools in 254-5,283 BY teachers seminaries in:
atmosphere at 162,189-90; cornerstone-laying ceremony for 79,81-2,104; emissaries from 62-3; facilities at 54,80; founding of 61,71-2; fundraising for 175 η.; opening of 104-5; sabbath observance at 189-90; Student Union at 171-2 ghetto 202,206 Jewish Culture Festival in 1 map of, in SS s time 389 pilgrimages to 1-2,222-3 rabbinical congress (1903) in 22-4,108-9 Remuh Synagogue 1,3-4 see aho Augustiańska Street; Katarzyna Street; Kordeckiego Street; Stanisława Street Krakówer Rav, see Kornitzer, Yosef Nechemya Krynica 372 Kuper, G. 56 L Landau, Ezekiel ben Judah, Noda biyehudah 2.57 η. Landau, Menahem Mendel Hayim 22-4,29, 43,49,108-I0, hi Landau, Yitzhak (SS s second husband) 106, 194 n., 201-2,204 n., 290 n. Landsberg, Chava 81,220,230,284
INDEX OF SUBJECTS Langer, Jiří 155 Lazar, Simon 20-1 Lehmann, Marcus 53,109,275 ո. Leiman, Shnayer 222 η. leshon hara (evil speech) 343-5 Levin, Isaac Meir 81,284,285 Lewenstein, Tuvia 270,274 Lewin, Aharon 83 libraries 52,54,170 n., 188 Lieberman, Hillel 207 Lipmanovitch, A. Y, Three Arrested Women 171η. Lisek, Joanna 51,180-1,182 n. Lithuania: Bais Yaakov Ruf in 73 BY schools in 72 n., 392-3 Mizrahi / Agudah school system in 167-8 OrthodoxJudaism in 33 Yavneh school system in, see under schools Lock, Abraham 241 Łódź: BY central office in 88 BYJournal office in 73,94,203 BY schools / seminaries in 71,133 conferences in 39,154,285 ghetto 206 hakhsharah training course in 168 n., 171 Ohel Sarah school in 71,133 Loewenthal, Naftali 157,158 Lubliner Rav, see Shapiro, Meir Luksenberg, Mod 63 n., 67-8,93,251-2,283 Lunzer, Fanny 270 Luzzatto, Moses Hayim: Mesilat yesharim 330 η. Yaïkutyedi’otha’emet 232 M Maharsham, see Schwadron, Sholom Mordechai Mahlon (biblical figure) 314 Mahzikei hadat (newspaper) 21 maiden names 201 Maimonides (Moses ben Maimon) 37,255, 299,332 Mandel, Fruma Leah 207 η. Mandelbaum, Kalman 203 425 Mandelbaum-Schenirer, Lea (sister of SS) 202-3,384 Manekin, Rachel 18-19,20 n., 22-3,24,25, 34,35,44,45 Mannes, Rosalie 85,284 Marcus, Aaron 19-20,27-8 marginality, benefits of 34-6 Marienbad 67,250 marriage: age on marrying 57 η. divorce 42 marital imbalance 219-20 reform of 39-42 matronyms 128 η. Mattathias benjohanan 297,298 Mauthausen 202 Meierovitsh, Malka 270,275 n. menorah 297,298 Mensch Yisroel 129,149,163 n., 264 menstruation, laws regarding, see women
Michael, Jacob 79 η. MichlalahJerusalem College for Women 2 midrashim 308-9,344 Mierzecka,Janina 192 Miriam (biblical figure) 344,375 Mishnah 262,299,328,329 see aho Index of Citations Mizrahi (Zionist religious party) 7,167 Modi’in 296 Moment (daily newspaper) 55-6 Mordecai (biblical figure) 304-5 Morgensztern, Menachem Mendel (Kotzker Rebbe) 261 Mościcki, Ignacy 44 η, Moses (biblical figure) 178,299,302,319,344, 348,361,375-6 A Mother in Israel 369 Munkaczer Rebbe, see Shapira, Hayim Elazar musar (ethical literature) 355 η. N Nadler, Shmuel 96η., 126-7,188 Nahmanides (Moses ben Nahman) 255, 351-2 naming practices 201 Naomi (biblical figure) 314-17
42б INDEX OF SUBJECTS National Council of Beth Jacob Schools (USA) 208 nature, love of 135 Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon 279,318 neo-OrthodoxJudaism (Germany): chivalry, interest in 47 combining tradition and modernity 25 cultural gap between eastern Orthodoxy and 153 and founding of Agudath Israel 27 on gender division 130-1 and Havatselet school system 32, no influence of: on BY 11,46,102,146,148; on Polish Orthodoxy 129,132 and literature for women 109-10 and Orthodoxjudaism 153-4 Realschulen of 30-1,46,148 slogan 148,149 on women s education 129-30 youth movements of 53, no Neshei Agudath Israel: and family purity 272-3 founding 38,137,269 η. founding conference at World Congress (1929) 232η.,269η.,270,271 and gender relations 93 Neugroschel, Tsila 98 η., 192 New York Times 219 Newhouse, Avrohom 208 η. Newhouse, Shimon 208 η. ‘now is the time’ 29,38,39,42,137,272 Nowy Dziennik (periodical) 159 n. Nussbaum, Samuel (Shmuel) 194-6 О Ohel Sarah (Łódź) 71,133,231 Oleszak, Agnieszka 34,87 omer, counting of 268 η., 311-13 Or Hayim (school) 218 Oral Torah 29,136,149,163,299,328 Orlean, Abraham 98 η. Orlean, Yehudah Leib 68,105,229-30,359 on BY teachers 199 director of Kraków seminary 62,66, 94, 99 on disorganization of BY 88 on emancipation ofJewish women 177 as lecturer 92 organizing BY schools 91-2 on parents of students 89 personal traits 98-9 on place of students in society 139 and Po՞alei Agudath Israel 170,171 n. speeches 139 on SS 185 η. in Warsaw ghetto 205-6 writings: Jewish Culture 229; Jewish Life 229,354; ‘The Woman Question’ 133; Ά Woman of Valour’ 177,185 on
Yiddish and yiddishkeit 278 Orpah (biblical figure) 314-15 Orthodox Council of Jerusalem (Edah Haharedit) 207 Orthodox Girls Union 52-4,61 Orthodoxjudaism: censorship of its own history 217 n. defection from: by women 19-20,27,28, 49,53,108-9,198; by men 188 and feminism 133,174 n., 216 and gender division 81-2,92-6,132,142 influence on: of BY 76,141,145; of neoOrthodoxy 129,132· in Lithuania 33 men threatened by BY 152 modern adherence to 144-5 and neo-Orthodoxy 153-4 in Poland: and girl’s education 7; intellectual and political cultore of 146; Kraków 18-19,33,35; and restrictions on girls 28 revitalization of: through agrarian colonization 124 n. ; through Yiddish i8r-2 and Romanticism 135 η. sfide to the right 213 as traditionalism 184 and Zionism 52 see also haredi; hasidism; neo-Orthodox Judaism; secularJews Orthodox literature for women 108-10,120 anecdotes about SS in 48-9 emergence of in
INDEX OF SUBJECTS praise for women in 47,127-8 see also Bais YaakovJournal P Pabianitz (Pabianice) 278 Palestine, immigration certificates for 177-9 Pappenheim, Bertha 26-7,39-40,43-4 n., 174 n., 174-5,244 η. parents, honouring 345-7 Parush, Iris 34-5 People’s University 54,374 n. photographic studios 126 η. pilgrimages: of BY girls 1-2,158-9,222-3 to graves of rabbis 158 hasidic 2,157 Pincus, Chava Weinberg 157,184-5 Plasków, Judith 138 Płaszów 202,222 plays, see under Bais Yaakov movement Po’alei Agudah Israel (Agudah Workers’ Organization) in, 146,168 n., 170,171 n., 229 η., 334 η. Pol, Wincenty 57,379 η. Poland: BY schools in: Fristik (Frysztak) 236; Goworowo 89,93,147; growth of 69, 71-2,92; Kazimierz Dolny 98; Kraków 254-5,283; Łódź 71,133; map of 392-3; Rzeszów 150; Warsaw 71 female suffrage in 34 Havatselet school system in 32 hedersin 31 Orthodox girls’education in 7; intellectual and political culture of 146; Kraków 18-19,33,35; and restrictions on girls 28 political conditions in 34 Yavneh schools in 7,8 η., 69 η. see aho Galicia PolishJewish Women’s Association, see Yiddishe Froyen Asotsiyatsia Polish language 184,278-81 Prague 146 prayers 58,65,134,152 prayer books 244 427 prayer groups 216 Pressler, Bentsion, ‘Hymn to the Jewish Daughter’ 127 professionalization 71, 86,87,112 Proshansky, Leah (Levin-Epstein) 41 prostitution: in Galicia 27 Jewish involvement in 22-3,26 n. women turning to 22,108,173,273 n. ; reasons for 26,39-40,41 see aho white slave trade / sex trafficking Przybyszewski, Stanisław 370,374 n. Purim 338 purity: of BY movement 141 family purity
131-2,140,272-3 impurity І40,зозп.,зпп.,зз6 menstrual 29,132,140-1,273 n., 311 n., 316, 328—3 mikvaot (ritual baths) 140,273 n. of Orthodoxjewish women 139-40,141, 310 and sacrifices 329 R rabbinic rulings, flexibility in 42 rabbinical congress (Kraków, 1903) 22-4, 108-9 Rabinowich, Eliyahu Akiva 22 n., 24 Rabinowicz, Shlomo 106 Tiferei shelomo 290 Rabka, summer colonies in 44 η., 48,74, 93п.,і6зп., içi, 285 racism 219 Rajcza 39 Rakovsky, Puah 32,39,41η. Rapoport, Meir 24,164,283 Rashba, see Solomon ben Aderet Rashi (Solomon Yitzchaki) 255,299,361 RavAshi 255 Realschulen 30-1,46,148 recruitment: to BY schools 167 to BY teachers’ seminaries 85,208,285 to Zionist youth movements 167 red heifer, ritual of 303
428 INDEX OF SUBJECTS Reisen, Zalman 182 religious education, see Bais Yaakov schools; education, Jewish Orthodox; schools; Torah study Rema, see Isserles, Moses Remuh Synagogue (Kraków) 1,3-4 Riga 270 Rigler, Stacy Eskovitz 213 Rivkin, Nacha 208 η. Robów 93 n., 259,284 Rogovy, Abraham Mordechai 71 n. Rokeach, Aharon 250 η. Rokeach, Shalom 241 n. Rokeach, Yehoshua 241η. Rokeach, Yissachar Dov 18,35,154,241 n., 250 Roosevelt, Eleanor 44n., 176n. Rosenbaum, Judith, see GrunfeldRosenbaum, Judith Rosenheimjacob 27,48,85,92,93,94,136, 285 Rosenheim, Miss (daughter ofJacob Rosenheim?) 284 Rosensweig,Jacquelyn 61 Rosh, see Asher ben Jehiel RoshHashanah 268,289-93 RoshHodesh 158 η. Rotenberg, Shlomo 227,229-32 Rothschild, Betty 84-5,260,284 Russia 26,31,32,212 Ruth (biblical figure) 313-17 Ruth (Zionist women s club) 243 Rzeszów 150 S sabbath 189-90,287-8 sacrifices, and impurity 329 sages, pilgrimages to graves of 158 Samuel (biblical figure) 295,296,298 Sanzer Rebbe, see Halberstam, Hayim Yoel Sarah (biblical figure) 60,131,133,137 n., 193, 292-3,305 Sarah (student) 124 Sarah Schenker Dedication Committee 222 Satmar (hasidic movement) 2x1 Satmar Rebbe, see Teitelbaum, Joel Schachnowitz, Selig 186 n. Schacter, JacobJ. 222 η. Scharansky, Tsiporah, see Szczarańska, Lotka (Tsiporah) Scharfer, Carolyn 221 Scharfstein, Zevi 19 Schenker, Aaron (Jurek) (brother of SS) 202-3,384 Schenker, Abraham (Romek) (brother of SS) 202-3,384 Schenker, Hela (sister of SS) 202-3 Schenker, Helena (Chaya) (sister of SS) 384 Schenker, Jakub (Yaakov) (brother of SS) 202-3,384 Schenker, Judah (Yehudah)
(brother of SS) 202-3,384 Schenker, Lea (sister of SS) 202-3,384 Schenker, Matylda (Mania) (sister of SS) 384 SCHENIRER, SARAH: anecdotes about 5,48-9,159-60,169 and Bais Yaakov: at cornerstone-laying ceremony 79,81-2,104; first lecture to girls 246֊7;genderbenefitsof 36-7; halakhic argumentation for 38-9,42; lobbying for 112; pedagogy of 84-5; plans for 17-18,44-6,45—7,246-8; plans, realization of 36-7,244-6,249-50, 250-2,282-5; recruitment for 285; role in 8,54,82,86-7,159-60,165,193-4, 198-9,200-1,204,221-2; and students 138,191,193,204,221; and success of 82-3 becoming seamstress 242-3 biographies of 12,159,220-1,354 η. charisma 77,99,103 death: funeral 159,203-4; impact 203-4; sitting shiva for 193; see also gravesite divorce 46,57,196 education 241-2,243,370-1 and emancipation of Jewish women 177 exclusion from religious life enjoyed by men 142,156-7,197-8 family 194-5,202-3,241,382-3,384 final illness 106,134 n., 203-4,356 n. gravesite 2,6,77 η., 158, շշշ hasidic connection of 154-5,157-9 innovativeness 6,100,157-9
INDEX OF SUBJECTS lectures, attendance at 194,243,244-5,374 legacy, challenges to 6-7 letters to 280-1 ‘Little Miss Hasiď 55,155,241-2,370,371, 376 marriages: first 45,57,194-6; second 106, 201,202 n. mocked 55-6,155,241-2,334,370,371,376 modesty 76,99,104,160 motherliness 58,60,99,102-3,106 Orthodox Girls’ Union 52-4,61,248-9 photographs of 77 n., 227 piety 43-4,55,99,103,105,135,198,199,216, 241-3 plaque for 222 radicalism 6,55,216 refugee in Vienna 244 relationships: with family 45,106,202-3, 204; with Moti Luksenberg 67; with mother 204; with Orthodox men, shift in 66-7 Romanticism 135 signature of 201-2 spiritual aspirations 141-2,197-9 stones thrown at 5,169-70 terms of address of 194,201 travels 112,157,285,379-80; return to Kraków, 1915 246 wig-wearing 194,201-2 views: on agunot 38-9 on arrogance 351-3 on blessings 65-6,282,324-7 on Bnos Agudath Israel 60-1,260-7 on debt to Hirsch 148 on Esther 304-5 on falsehood 339-40 on God 264-5,324-7 onHanukah 296-300 onHeshvan 337 on honouring parents 345-7 on impurity 303 η. onjewish dress 309-10,324 on the Jewish household 297,298 on Judith 304-5 on kashrut 331-6 429 on leshon hara 343—5 on love of God 265-6 on love of neighbour 347-9 on menstrual laws 140-1,328-30 on modesty 309-10,330-1 on Mordecai (biblical figure) 304-5 on Neshei Agudath Israel 137 on Passover 306-10 on Purim 338 on purity 310 on religious exclusion of women 156 on religious observance 135 on Rosh Hashanah 289-93 on Ruth (biblical figure) 313-17 on sabbath 287-8 onShabatNahamu 322-3 on Shabat Shekalim 300-2 on Shabat Zakhor 302-4 onShavuot 313-14 on
swearing 340-3 onTamuz 318-20 on Torah study 264 on Tu Be’av celebration 323-4 on vengeance 349-50 on women: rights of 271; and the sabbath 287-8; sacred obligations of 140-1, 328-30 writings: autobiography 67,241-52·. 369 Avoid Arrogance!’ 351-Յ on Bais Yaakov in USA 363-4 in Bais YaakovJournal 120 on Bnos Agudath Israel 260-7 categorization of 165-6 ‘The Destruction of the Temple’ 320-1 diary 9-ю, 104-7,167,194-6,369,370-80 ‘Do Not Seek Vengeance!’ 349՜50 ‘Fifteen Years of Bais Yaakov’ 281-6 ‘The Fifteenth of Av’ 323-4 ‘Flee From Falsehood’ 339-40 ‘The Goal of the Bais Yaakov Schools 135, 253-9 ‘Hanukah’ 296-300 ‘Honour Your Father and Mother’ 345-7 The Jewish Woman and Kashrut’ 331-6 on jubilee Bais YaakovJournal 267-9
INDEX OF SUBJECTS 430 writings (cont.): ‘Judith, Esther, and Mordecai 304-5 ‘The Last Night on Augustiańska 30 SCHENIRER, sarah, 104-7 ‘Last Will and Testament 356-62 letters 337-55,356 ‘Love Your Neighbour as Yourself!’ 347-9 ‘In the Month of Heshvan 293-6 ‘In the Month of Tamuz’ 318-20 ‘My Purim Gift to You’ 338 One Must Not Swear’ 340-3 Our Culture of Modesty’ 330-1 ‘Our Holiday’ 353-5 ‘Our Preparations for the Day of Judgement’ 289-93 ‘Pages from My Life’ 67,241-52,369 ‘Passover Thoughts’ 306-10 ‘The Practice of Blessing God’ 324-7 ‘The Quiet Month of Heshvan’ 337 ‘Sabbath and the Woman’ 287-8 ‘The Sacred Obligations ofJewish Women’ 140-1,328-30 on seminary examination (1931) 275-7 ‘Shabat Nahamu’ 322-3 Shabat Shekalim’ 300-2 ‘Shabat Zakhor’ 302-4 ‘Shavuot and Ruth’ 313-18 on spiritual family 191 ‘Stay Away from Evil Speech’ 343-5 on teacher-training courses 259-60 ‘The Time of the Sefirah’ 310-13 translations of 8-9 on Tu Be’av celebration 172-3 on World Congress (1929) 269,272-5 Yahadus 75 η., 165 ‘Yiddish and Yiddishkeit’ 184,278-81 Schenirer, Szymon (Shimon) (brother of SS) 195,197,202-3,250,384 Schenirer, Tulo (nephew of SS) 202,384 Schenirer-Lack, Rozalia (Róża) (SS’s mother) 384 Schenirer-Wachs, Rita (wife of Tulo) 384 Schenkalewsky, Meir 221 Schick, Marvin 212 n. Schiff, Ernest 173 n. Schiffschul (Vienna) 244 Schildkraut, Rachel 94,126 n. Schindler, Eliezer 354 η. Schlesinger, Dr. ιοί Schneerson, Yosef Yìtzkhok 157 Schnur, Abraham 27 Jewish Women and Torah Study’ 136 schools: afternoon schools 24,61,62,84,393 boarding schools 77-8,171,231 budgets of school
systems 173-4 Cysho Yiddish school system day schools 62,69,71 n., 84,212,214,221 excommunication of 169 gymnasia 7η., 25η.,32, ιοί Havatselet school system 7,32,49-50, no Hinukh Atsma’i 212 Mizrahi/Agudah school system (Lithuania) 167-8 Shulkult Zionist Yiddish-Hebrew schools 69 η. supplementary schools 62,65,69,75,88, 92,93,120,163,186,190 Tahkemoni school systems 69 η. Talmud Torah schools, for girls 24 Tarbut Zionist Hebrew school system 41, 69 n., 164,168-70,174 n. Torah V’Derekh Eretz girls’ school 270 Yavneh school system (Lithuania): and BY schools 100-3; curriculum for girls 101 founding of 7,32-3,101; Hebrew at 101֊ 2; influences on: of Agudath Israel 102; of neo-Orthodoxy 49-50; size of 7-8 n. Yavneh schools (Poland) 7,8 η., 69 η. Yehudiah school system 32,41 see abo Bais Yaakov schools; education, Jewish Orthodox; Torah study Schreiber, Henny 270 Schreiber, Linke 192 Schreiber, Moses (Hatam Sofer) 28,47 n., 100 n., 144,257,352 Schwadron, Sholom Mordechai (Maharsham) 25 Schwartzman, Meir 125 science, andjewish law 140-1,328-30 secularJews 122-3
INDEX OF SUBJECTS secular studies 149 Seidman, Hillel 12-13, 63, 83,145,205 n., 208 η., 354 η. Seidman, Sara (née Abraham) 13,185 n., 206 n. The Selling ofJoseph (play) 96 sewing 64,70,71 Shafran, Yitzhok 89,94,147 Shakh, the, see Hakohen, Shabbatai Shapira, Hayim Elazar (Munkaczer Rebbe) 152 Shapiro, Asher 283,284 Shapiro, Avraham Dov-Ber Kahana 141 n. Shapiro, Elazar 231 Shapiro, Marc В. 129-30 Shapiro, Meir (Lubliner Rav) 20 n., 283 Sharansky, Meir 206-7,208,212 Shavuot 313-14 Sheina Feigl (grandmother of SS) 241 Shklovsky, Victor 200 Shmuelevitz, Ella 140,205 Shmuelevitz, Isaac 101 shofar 267-8,290-1,373 Shulhanarukh(JosephKaro) in., 166n., 295 η. Simhat Torah 294 singing, by women 157 Sirkis, Joel ben Samuel (the Bach) 241 siyum 356 η. socialism 170-2 socialist youth movements 170-1 Sofer, Yachat Janke 271 Sofer, Yehuda 271 Solomon (biblical figure) 347,348 Solomon ben Aderet (Rashba) 255 Soloveitchik, Yitzkhok Zev 91 n. Sorasky, Aaron 19-20,215 Sorotzkin, Rebbetzin, see Neugroschel, Tsila speeches / addresses: at cornerstone-laying ceremony 81 by Deutschländer 38,174,284 byFriedenson 284 by Friedman 284 by Orlean 139 Spielberg Shoah Foundation 64 n. Stampfer, Shaul 31,57 η., 6з, 127 η., ібі, 162 431 Stanisława Street (Kraków) 72,105,106,203 Stein, Rokhi 41 n. Steinberg, Jonah 132 η. Stempler, Arlene 222 η. Sternbuch, Gutta 32,62η., 98-9,105,171, ι86,190 Steyer, Elimelech 52,167 A Letter to a Sister 127 Stopnitz (Stopnica) 190 Student Union 171-2 Stumpergasse synagogue (Vienna) 47 n., 244,245,281 suffrage, female 34,179,179-80 Sukkot 294 Sunday Rest Law (1919) 71
Sweden 206 Szczarańska, Lotka (Tsiporah) 81,192,232, 270,277 T Tabernacle (mishkan) 301 Tagore, Rabindranath 125 Tamuz 318-20 Tana deve eliyahu 295 η. Tarnów, ghetto 203,206 Tatra Mountains 380 teacher training: of BY teachers 61,84, 85 courses 61,85 of Tse’irei Israel 101 see abo Bais Yaakov teachers seminaries tefilat haderekh (prayer) 58 Teitelbaum, Joel (Satinar Rebbe) 211 Teitelbaum-Pass, Gittel 232 Tel Aviv 206-7 Teller, Hanoch 193 Telz ιοί Tempel-und-Schulverein Stumpergasse, see Stumpergasse Temple, destruction of 318,320-1 textbooks 75n., 84,149,152,153 n., 165,229, 354 theatre 95—6,97,186,370,374 n. tiflut (licentiousness, trivialities) 21,23,24, 43,66 Titus, emperor of Rome 318
432 INDEX OF SUBJECTS torah im derekh erets 148,149 torak lishmah 33,37,48,92-3,163 n., 164-5 Torah scrolls 166 Torah study: by men: examinations in 93; for its own sake 163 η.; andjewish masculinity 33֊ 4; primacy of 136 by women: devotion to 48,134,164-5; inherent value of 138; for its own sake 33,37,48,92-3,164-5; men s obligation to support 136-7; as mission of BY schools 253-9; permissibility / legitimacy of 205,27-8,29-30,31,211,215; praised by men 93; R. Eliezer’s tana on 21 n., 23,29,36-7, 66; subservient to that of men 136; in summer colony 47-8,92-3 Torah Umesorah (educational arm of Agudah) 211-12 Torah V’Derekh Eretz girls school 270 traditionalism 144-5 training courses, hakhsharah 168 n., 171 Tse irei Agudath Israel 32,75,96,101,229 n. Tsene-rene 183,242,295 Tu Be av celebration 172-3,323-4 tuberculosis 175 U uncanny (unheimlich) 105-6 Unterland 90,149,152 V Vaytman, Bluma 369 Vienna: BY central office in 176 BY teachers seminary in 68,72 conferences in: Women s Conference (1929) 39; World Congress (1923) 72, 162; World Congress (1929) 38,39,40, 175,269,270,2 71,272-5 Keren Hatorah office in 88 Schiffschul 244 SS s visit to 372 Stumpergasse synagogue in 47 η., 244, 245,28i Vilna 88 Vilna Gaon, see Elijah ben Solomon Vital, Hayim 186 η.,243 η. Vitalzon, Dina 186 n. Vitalzon, Pessiä 186-7 n. vocational training 71,132-3, i49, 218,255 W Wagner-Willig, Esther 97 Warburg, Frieda 176 n. Warsaw: BY central office in 86,87-8 BY schools in 71,206 BY teachers in 186 conferences in: Agudath Israel 182 n.; BY 83-6,112,284; WIZO 154,272 n. Ezra branch in inn. ghetto
205-6 Havatselet schools in 7,32,49 Khinukh (adult education club) in 96 People’s University in 374 n Warsawjewish Literary Union 96 n., 188 n. Wasserman, Elchanan 94 Waszasz-Szczarańska, Lotka, see Szczaranska, Lotka Watt, Ian 130 Weber, Max 76,78,99 ‘routinization of charisma 5 Wechsler, Rabbi 203 Weinberg, Jehiel 153,157 η. Weissler, Chava 139 Weissman, Deborah 7 n., 71,75,147,148-9, 162,194 Werner, Sidonie 26 white slave trade / sex trafficking: factors contributing to 26 Jewish involvement in 22,22-3,26 n., 40 η., 173,273 η. andjewish marriage laws 41 n. struggle against 26,44,176 Williamsburg (Brooklyn) 166 n., 208 n., 210, 220,363 Willig, Esther 97 WIZO (Women’s International Zionist Organization) 39,154,272 n. Wodziński, Marcin 154-5,158 Wolf, Abrahamjoseph 36 n., 100,153n., 198, 214,215 Did Sarah Schenirer Innovate?’ 145 η.
INDEX OF SUBJECTS Wolpin, Nisson 2i6 women/girls, and Bais Yaakov: economic motives of 105 freedoms accorded to 4-5 independence and initiative of 6 performing plays 95,97 pilgrimages 1-2,158-9,222-3 place in society 139 praise for 219 revolutionary image of 217 visiting hasidic courts 157-8 women/ girls, Orthodox Jewish: conversion to Christianity 20 defection from Orthodoxy 19-20,27,28, 49,53,108-9,198 in eastern Europe 153 education, see education, Jewish Orthodox; Torah study and eshet hayil ideal 132,136-7,165,214-15, 216,220 and feminism 174-81 in Frankfurt 153 and hasidic affiliations 35-6,154,155 interactions with Orthodox men 67,92-5 interactions with secularJews 122-3 invisibility of 137-8 and kashrut 331-6 marginality of 34-6 menstruation, laws regarding (hilkhot nidah) 29,132,140-1,273n., 329 modesty 132-3,137,173,269,309-10,330-1 praise for 47,127-8 and prostitution, see prostitution and purity 139-40,141,310 religious exclusion of 33-4,142,156-7, 197-8 religious experience of 135,156-7,198,213 restrictions on 28,213 and sabbath 287-8 singing together 157 stereotype of 4 suffrage for 179-80 terms of address of 183,202 n. and travelling 57-8 wig-wearing (sheytlakh) 186,194,201-2, 274֊5 433 worldly accomplishments of 125 Women s International Zionist Organization, see WIZO World Centre for Bais Yaakov (Vienna) 68 World Congress ofJewish Women (1929) 39 Y YAF, see Yidisher Arbeter Froy Yankev ben Yitskhok Ashkenazi ofJanów 183 η. Yavneh schools, see schools yeridah letsorekh aliyah ( descent for the sake of ascent ) 160 yeshivas: dormitories of 161 educators at
153 influence of 146 influences on 36 η. j ournals / newspapers of 127 n. as model for BY 160-3 studentsat 156 and teaching of secular subjects 149 Volozhin-type 161 Yeshivat Hakhmei Lublin 20 n., 162-3 Yeshurun (French Orthodox youth group) 157 η. YFA, see Yiddishe Froyen Asotsiyatsia Yiddish: Bais YaakovJournal special issue 182 n., 278 at BY schools 102 Cysho Yiddishist school system 69 η., 146, іб9~70,174 n. as mameloshn 182 orthographies of 182,278 η., 280 Schenireron 278-81 terms for woman 182-3 transliteration of 11 works on: Yiddish Language 354; Yiddishkeit and Language 280 ; Yidish und Yidishkeit 182 η. yiddishkeit 154,182,278-81,301,302 Yiddishe Froyen Asotsiyatsia (YFA; Polish Jewish Women’s Association) 39,41 Yiddishism, influence of on BY movement 181-4 on Bnos Agudath Israel 181,182,185
INDEX OF SUBJECTS 434 Di Yidishe Shtime (weekly) 90 Yidishe Tageblat (daily newspaper) 71 n. Yidisher Arbeter Froy (YAF) 41 n. Yisraelit, Rivkah 207 Yitzchaki, Solomon, see Rashi YIVO autobiography competition 90,122 yom hadin, see Day ofJudgement yom hazikaron, see Day of Remembrance yom kipur katan ritual 158 youth movements: Orthodoxjewish: Ezra 53, no, in n., 153 η.; in Germany 53, no; in Israel 211; in Poland no; in USA 211 socialist 170-1 l· Stsa -äötoitotftek München Zionist 167-8 Z Zakopane 379-80 Zalkin, Mordechai 102 Zangwill, Edith 176 n. Zduńska Wola 54 η. Zeitlin, Hillel 55-6 Zelophehad, daughters of 178 Zigelman, Aaron 187 Zionism: and BY movement 146-7,168 and Orthodoxjudaism 52 Zohar 242η., 243 j
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| author | Seidman, Naomi 1960- |
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| geographic | Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Polen |
| id | DE-604.BV045552878 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-24T07:06:15Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781906764692 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-030936819 |
| oclc_num | 1089924791 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-188 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-188 |
| physical | x, 434 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten, Portraits |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20190701 |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publishDateSearch | 2019 |
| publishDateSort | 2019 |
| publisher | The Littman Library of Jewish Civilization |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | The Littman library of Jewish civilization |
| spellingShingle | Seidman, Naomi 1960- Sarah Schenirer and the Bais Yaakov Movement a revolution in the name of tradition Shnirer, Sarah 1883-1935 (DE-588)132756072 gnd Juden (DE-588)4028808-0 gnd Mädchenschule (DE-588)4253453-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)132756072 (DE-588)4028808-0 (DE-588)4253453-7 (DE-588)4046496-9 |
| title | Sarah Schenirer and the Bais Yaakov Movement a revolution in the name of tradition |
| title_auth | Sarah Schenirer and the Bais Yaakov Movement a revolution in the name of tradition |
| title_exact_search | Sarah Schenirer and the Bais Yaakov Movement a revolution in the name of tradition |
| title_full | Sarah Schenirer and the Bais Yaakov Movement a revolution in the name of tradition Naomi Seidman |
| title_fullStr | Sarah Schenirer and the Bais Yaakov Movement a revolution in the name of tradition Naomi Seidman |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sarah Schenirer and the Bais Yaakov Movement a revolution in the name of tradition Naomi Seidman |
| title_short | Sarah Schenirer and the Bais Yaakov Movement |
| title_sort | sarah schenirer and the bais yaakov movement a revolution in the name of tradition |
| title_sub | a revolution in the name of tradition |
| topic | Shnirer, Sarah 1883-1935 (DE-588)132756072 gnd Juden (DE-588)4028808-0 gnd Mädchenschule (DE-588)4253453-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Shnirer, Sarah 1883-1935 Juden Mädchenschule Polen |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030936819&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030936819&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030936819&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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