The history of the theory of structures searching for equilibrium
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English German |
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Berlin, Germany
Wiley, Ernst & Sohn
[2018]
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| Ausgabe: | Second, considerably enlarged edition |
| Schriftenreihe: | Construction history series
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis http://www.wiley-vch.de/publish/dt/books/ISBN978-3-433-03229-9/ Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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| 240 | 1 | 0 | |a Geschichte der Baustatik |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The history of the theory of structures |b searching for equilibrium |c Karl-Eugen Kurrer |
| 250 | |a Second, considerably enlarged edition | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Berlin, Germany |b Wiley, Ernst & Sohn |c [2018] | |
| 264 | 4 | |c © 2018 | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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27
FOREWORD OF THE SERIES EDITORS
FOREWORD
PREFACE TO THE SECOND ENGLISH EDITION
ABOUT THIS SERIES
ABOUT THE SERIES EDITORS
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
1 THE TASKS AND AIMS OF A HISTORICAL STUDY OF THE THEORY OF STRUCTURES
1.1 INTERNAL SCIENTIFIC TASKS
1.2 PRACTICAL ENGINEERING TASKS
1.3 DIDACTIC TASKS
1.4 CULTURAL TASKS
1.5 AIMS
1.6 AN INVITATION TO TAKE PART IN A JOURNEY THROUGH TIME TO SEARCH
FOR THE EQUILIBRIUM OF LOADBEARING STRUCTURES
2 LEARNING FROM HISTORY: 12 INTRODUCTORY ESSAYS
2.1 WHAT IS THEORY OF STRUCTURES?
2.1.1 PREPARATORY PERIOD (1575-1825)
2.1.1.1 ORIENTATION PHASE (1575-1700)
2.1.1.2 APPLICATION PHASE (1700-1775)
2.1.1.3 INITIAL PHASE (1775-1825)
2.1.2 DISCIPLINE-FORMATION PERIOD (1825-1900)
2.1.2.1 CONSTITUTION PHASE (1825 -1850)
2.1.2.2 ESTABLISHMENT PHASE (1850-1875)
2.1.2.3 CLASSICAL PHASE (1875-1900)
2.1.3 CONSOLIDATION PERIOD (1900 -1950)
2.1.3.1 ACCUMULATION PHASE (1900-1925)
2.1.3.2 INVENTION PHASE (1925-1950)
2.1.4 INTEGRATION PERIOD (1950 TO DATE)
2.1.4.1 INNOVATION PHASE (1950-1975)
2.1.4.2 DIFFUSION PHASE (1975 TO DATE)
2.2 FROM THE LEVER TO THE TRUSSED FRAMEWORK
2.2.1 LEVER PRINCIPLE ACCORDING TO ARCHIMEDES
28
2.2.2
THE PRINCIPLE OF VIRTUAL DISPLACEMENTS
28 2.2.3 THE GENERAL WORK THEOREM
29
2.2.4
THE PRINCIPLE OF VIRTUAL FORCES
29
2.2.5
THE PARALLELOGRAM OF FORCES
30 2.2.6 FROM NEWTON TO LAGRANGE
31 2.2.7 THE COUPLE
32 2.2.8 KINEMATIC OR GEOMETRIC SCHOOL OF STATICS?
33 2.2.9 STABLE OR UNSTABLE, DETERMINATE OR INDETERMINATE?
33 2.2.10 SYNTHESES IN STATICS
36 2.2.11 SCHWEDLER S THREE-PIN FRAME
38 2.3 THE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGHER ENGINEERING EDUCATION
39
2.3.1 THE SPECIALIST AND MILITARY SCHOOLS OF THE ANCIEN REGIME
40 2.3.2 SCIENCE AND ENLIGHTENMENT
40
2.3.3
SCIENCE AND EDUCATION DURING THE FRENCH REVOLUTION (1789-1794)
41
2.3.4
MONGES CURRICULUM FOR THE ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE
42 2.3.5
AUSTRIA, GERMANY AND RUSSIA IN THE WAKE OF THE ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE
46 2.3.6 THE EDUCATION OF ENGINEERS IN THE UNITED STATES
51
2.4
A STUDY OF EARTH PRESSURE ON RETAINING WALLS
53
2.4.1
EARTH PRESSURE DETERMINATION ACCORDING TO CULMANN
54 2.4.2
EARTH PRESSURE DETERMINATION ACCORDING TO PONCELET
55 2.4.3
STRESS AND STABILITY ANALYSES
58
2.5 INSIGHTS INTO BRIDGE-BUILDING AND THEORY OF STRUCTURES IN THE 19TH
CENTURY
58
2.5.1
SUSPENSION BRIDGES
60 2.5.1.1 AUSTRIA
61 2.5.1.2 BOHEMIA AND MORAVIA
62 2.5.1.3 GERMANY
63 2.5.1.4 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
64 2.5.2
TIMBER BRIDGES
67 2.5.3
HYBRID SYSTEMS
68
2.5.4
THE GOELTZSCH AND ELSTER VIADUCTS (1845 -1851)
70 2.5.5 THE BRITANNIA BRIDGE (1846-1850)
73 2.5.6
THE FIRST HIRSCHAU BRIDGE OVER THE VISTULA (1850-1857)
75
2.5.7
THE GARABIT VIADUCT (1880-1884)
79 2.5.8 BRIDGE ENGINEERING THEORIES
80 2.5.8.1
REICHENBACHS ARCH THEORY
81 2.5.8.2 YOUNGS MASONRY ARCH THEORY
84 2.5.83
NAVIERS SUSPENSION BRIDGE THEORY
85
2.5.8.4
NAVIERS RESUME DES LEQONS
86 2.5.8.5
THE TRUSSED FRAMEWORK THEORIES OF CULMANN AND SCHWEDLER
87
2.5.8.6 BEAM THEORY AND STRESS ANALYSIS
88
2.6 THE INDUSTRIALISATION OF STEEL BRIDGE-BUILDING BETWEEN 1850 AND 1900
88
2.6.1
GERMANY AND GREAT BRITAIN
90
2.6.2 FRANCE
92 2.6.3
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
97 2.7 INFLUENCE LINES
97 2.7.1 RAILWAY TRAINS AND BRIDGE-BUILDING
99
2.7.2
EVOLUTION OF THE INFLUENCE LINE CONCEPT
101
102
102
104
106
107
108
109
110
112
112
113
113
114
115
115
116
117
120
121
123
123
124
126
127
130
130
130
133
133
135
137
137
139
141
142
142
144
145
146
148
150
2.8 THE BEAM ON ELASTIC SUPPORTS
2.8.1 THE WINKLER BEDDING
2.8.2 THE THEORY OF THE PERMANENT WAY
2.8.3 FROM PERMANENT WAY THEORY TO THE THEORY OF THE BEAM ON ELASTIC
SUPPORTS
2.8.4 GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING BRINGS PROGRESS
2.9 DISPLACEMENT METHOD
2.9.1 ANALYSIS OF A TRIANGULAR FRAME
2.9.1.1 BAR END MOMENTS
2.9.1.2 RESTRAINT FORCES
2.9.1.3 SUPERPOSITION MEANS COMBINING THE STATE VARIABLES LINEARLY
WITH THE SOLUTION
2.9.2 COMPARING THE DISPLACEMENT METHOD AND TRUSSED FRAMEWORK THEORY
FOR FRAME-TYPE SYSTEMS
2.10 SECOND-ORDER THEORY
2.10.1 JOSEF MELANS CONTRIBUTION
2.10.2 SUSPENSION BRIDGES BECOME STIFFER
2.10.3 ARCH BRIDGES BECOME MORE FLEXIBLE
2.10.4 THE DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION FOR LATERALLY LOADED STRUTS AND TIES
2.10.5 THE INTEGRATION OF SECOND-ORDER THEORY INTO THE DISPLACEMENT
METHOD
2.10.6 WHY DO WE NEED FICTITIOUS FORCES?
2.11 ULTIMATE LOAD METHOD
2.11.1 FIRST APPROACHES
2.11.2 FOUNDATION OF THE ULTIMATE LOAD METHOD
2.11.2.1 JOSEF PRITSCHE
2.11.2.2 KARL GIRKMANN
2.11.2.3 OTHER AUTHORS
2.11.3 THE PARADOX OF THE PLASTIC HINGE METHOD
2.11.4 THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE ULTIMATE LOAD METHOD
2.11.4.1 SIR JOHN FLEETWOOD BAKER
2.11.4.2 EXCURSION: A SAMPLE CALCULATION
2.11.4.3 CALCULATING DEFORMATIONS
2.11.4.4 THE ANGLO-AMERICAN SCHOOL OF ULTIMATE LOAD THEORY
2.11.4.5 CONTROVERSIES SURROUNDING THE ULTIMATE LOAD METHOD
2.12 STRUCTURAL LAW - STATIC LAW - FORMATION LAW
2.12.1 THE FIVE PLATONIC BODIES
2.12.2 BEAUTY AND LAW
2.12.2.1 STRUCTURAL LAW
2.12.2.2 STATIC LAW
2.12.2.3 FORMATION LAW
3 THE FIRST FUNDAMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE DISCIPLINES: THEORY OF
STRUCTURES
AND APPLIED MECHANICS
3.1 WHAT IS ENGINEERING SCIENCE?
3.1.1 FIRST APPROACHES
3.1.2 RAISING THE STATUS OF THE ENGINEERING SCIENCES THROUGH
PHILOSOPHICAL
DISCOURSE
3.1.2.1 THE CONTRIBUTION OF SYSTEMS THEORY
152
3.1.2.2
THE CONTRIBUTION OF MARXISM
154 3.1.2.3
ENGINEERING SCIENCES THEORY
157
3.1.3
ENGINEERING AND THE ENGINEERING SCIENCES
161 3.2
SUBSUMING THE ENCYCLOPAEDIC IN THE SYSTEM OF CLASSICAL ENGINEERING
SCIENCES: FIVE CASE STUDIES FROM APPLIED MECHANICS AND THEORY OF
STRUCTURES
162 3.2.1
ON THE TOPICALITY OF THE ENCYCLOPAEDIC
165 3.2.2
FRANZ JOSEPH RITTER VON GERSTNERS CONTRIBUTION TO THE MATHEMATISATION
OF CONSTRUCTION THEORIES
165 3.2.2.1
GERSTNERS DEFINITION OF THE OBJECT OF APPLIED MECHANICS
168 3.2.2.2
THE STRENGTH OF IRON
171 3.2.2.3
THE THEORY AND PRACTICE OF SUSPENSION BRIDGES IN
HANDBUCH DER MECHANIK
174
3.2.3
WEISBACHS ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF APPLIED MECHANICS
174
3.2.3.1
THE
LEHRBUCH
177 3.2.3.2
THE INVENTION OF THE ENGINEERING MANUAL
179
3.2.3.3 THE JOURNAL
180 3.2.3.4
STRENGTH OF MATERIALS IN WEISBACHS
LEHRBUCH
182
3.2.4
RANKINES
MANUALS
, OR THE HARMONY BETWEEN THEORY AND PRACTICE
182 3.2.4.1
RANKINES
MANUAL OF APPLIED MECHANICS
185 3.2.4.2
RANKINES
MANUAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
186
3.2.5
FOEPPL*S
VORLESUNGEN UEBER TECHNISCHE MECHANIK
186 3.2.5.1
THE ORIGIN AND GOAL OF MECHANICS
188 3.2.5.2
THE STRUCTURE OF THE
VORLESUNGEN
189
3.2.53
THE MOST IMPORTANT APPLIED MECHANICS TEXTBOOKS IN GERMAN
190
3.2.6
THE
HANDBUCH DER INGENIEURWISSENSCHAFTEN
AS AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF
CLASSICAL CIVIL ENGINEERING THEORY
192
3.2.6.1
IRON BEAM BRIDGES
193 3.2.6.2
IRON ARCH AND SUSPENSION BRIDGES
196 4
FROM MASONRY ARCH TO ELASTIC ARCH
199 4.1
THE ARCH ALLEGORY
200 4.2
THE GEOMETRICAL THINKING BEHIND THE THEORY OF MASONRY ARCH BRIDGES
200 4.2.1
THE PONTE S. TRINITAE IN FLORENCE
203 4.2.1.1
GALILEO AND GUIDOBALDO DEL MONTE
205
4.2.1.2
HYPOTHESES
205 4.2.2
ESTABLISHING THE NEW THINKING IN BRIDGE-BUILDING PRACTICE USING
THE EXAMPLE OF NUREMBERG*S FLEISCH BRIDGE
206 4.2.2.1
DESIGNS FOR THE BUILDING OF THE FLEISCH BRIDGE
207
4.2.2.2
DESIGNS AND CONSIDERATIONS CONCERNING THE CENTERING
208
4.2.2.3
THE LOADBEARING BEHAVIOUR OF THE FLEISCH BRIDGE
211 4.3
FROM WEDGE TO MASONRY ARCH, OR THE ADDITION THEOREM OF WEDGE THEORY
212 4.3.1
BETWEEN MECHANICS AND ARCHITECTURE: MASONRY ARCH THEORY AT THE
ACADEMIC ROYALE D*ARCHITECTURE DE PARIS (1687-1718)
212 4.3.2
LA HIRE AND BELIDOR
214 4.3.3
EPIGONES
215 4.4
FROM THE ANALYSIS OF MASONRY ARCH COLLAPSE MECHANISMS TO VOUSSOIR
ROTATION THEORY
216 4.4.1
BALDI
217
218
219
221
222
223
225
225
228
230
232
232
233
234
239
240
241
244
245
247
248
250
250
251
252
256
258
262
264
264
265
266
267
268
270
272
275
276
277
278
278
279
280
4.4.2 FABRI
4.4.3 LA HIRE
4.4.4 COUPLET
4.4.5 BRIDGE-BUILDING - EMPIRICISM STILL REIGNS
4.4.6 COULOMBS VOUSSOIR ROTATION THEORY
4.4.7 MONASTERIES NUEVA TEOERICA
4.5 THE LINE OF THRUST THEORY
4.5.1 PRELUDE
4.5.2 GERSTNER
4.5.3 THE SEARCH FOR THE TRUE LINE OF THRUST
4.6 THE BREAKTHROUGH FOR ELASTIC THEORY
4.6.1 THE DUALISM OF MASONRY ARCH AND ELASTIC ARCH THEORY UNDER NAVIER
4.6.2 TWO STEPS FORWARDS, ONE BACK
4.6.3 FROM PONCELET TO WINKLER
4.6.4 A STEP BACK
4.6.5 THE MASONRY ARCH IS NOTHING, THE ELASTIC ARCH IS EVERYTHING - THE
TRIUMPH
OF ELASTIC ARCH THEORY OVER MASONRY ARCH THEORY
4.6.5.1 GRANDES VOUETES
4.6.5.2 DOUBTS
4.6.5.3 TESTS ON MODELS
4.7 ULTIMATE LOAD THEORY FOR MASONRY ARCHES
4.7.1 OF CRACKS AND THE TRUE LINE OF THRUST IN THE MASONRY ARCH
4.7.2 MASONRY ARCH FAILURES
4.7.3 THE MAXIMUM LOAD PRINCIPLES OF THE ULTIMATE LOAD THEORY FOR
MASONRY
ARCHES
4.7.4 THE SAFETY OF MASONRY ARCHES
4.7.5 ANALYSIS OF MASONRY ARCH BRIDGES
4.7.6 HEYMAN EXTENDS MASONRY ARCH THEORY
4.8 THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
4.9 THE STUDIES OF HOLZER
4.10 ON THE EPISTEMOLOGICAL STATUS OF MASONRY ARCH THEORIES
4.10.1 WEDGE THEORY
4.10.2 COLLAPSE MECHANISM ANALYSIS AND VOUSSOIR ROTATION THEORY
4.10.3 LINE OF THRUST THEORY AND ELASTIC THEORY FOR MASONRY ARCHES
4.10.4 ULTIMATE LOAD THEORY FOR MASONRY ARCHES AS AN OBJECT IN
HISTORICAL THEORY
OF STRUCTURES
4.10.5 THE FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF MASONRY ARCHES
5 THE HISTORY OF EARTH PRESSURE THEORY
5.1 RETAINING WALLS FOR FORTIFICATIONS
5.2 EARTH PRESSURE THEORY AS AN OBJECT OF MILITARY ENGINEERING
5.2.1 IN THE BEGINNING THERE WAS THE INCLINED PLANE
5.2.1.1 BULLET
5.2.1.2 GAUTIER
5.2.1.3 COUPLET
5.2.1.4 FURTHER APPROACHES
5.2.1.5 FRICTION REDUCES EARTH PRESSURE
283
286
287
288
289
290
294
294
295
297
297
297
298
299
301
303
304
305
306
308
310
311
313
314
316
316
317
319
321
322
323
325
328
331
331
332
332
333
334
336
339
341
343
344
345
345
5.2.2 FROM INCLINED PLANE TO WEDGE THEORY
5.2.3 CHARLES AUGUSTIN COULOMB
5.2.3.1 MANIFESTATIONS OF ADHESION
5.2.3.2 FAILURE BEHAVIOUR OF MASONRY PIERS
5.2.3.3 THE TRANSITION TO EARTH PRESSURE THEORY
5.2.3.4 ACTIVE EARTH PRESSURE
5.2.3.5 PASSIVE EARTH PRESSURE
5.2.3.6 DESIGN
5.2.4 A MAGAZINE FOR ENGINEERING OFFICERS
5.3 MODIFICATIONS TO COULOMB EARTH PRESSURE THEORY
5.3.1 THE TRIGONOMETRISATION OF EARTH PRESSURE THEORY
5.3.1.1 PRONY
5.3.1.2 MAYNIEL
5.3.1.3 FRAN^AIS, AUDOY AND NAVIER
5.3.1.4 MARTONY DE KOESZEGH
5.3.2 THE GEOMETRIC WAY
5.3.2.1 JEAN-VICTOR PONCELET
5.3.2.2 HERMANN SCHEFFLERS CRITICISM OF PONCELET
5.3.2.3 KARL CULMANN
5.3.2.4 GEORG REBHANN
5.3.2.5 COMPELLING CONTRADICTIONS
5.4 THE CONTRIBUTION OF CONTINUUM MECHANICS
5.4.1 THE HYDROSTATIC EARTH PRESSURE MODEL
5.4.2 THE NEW EARTH PRESSURE THEORY
5.4.2.1 CARL HOLTZMANN
5.4.2.2 RANKINES STROKE OF GENIUS
5.4.2.3 EMIL WINKLER
5.4.2.4 OTTO MOHR
5.5 EARTH PRESSURE THEORY FROM 1875 TO 1900
5.5.1 COULOMB OR RANKINE?
5.5.2 EARTH PRESSURE THEORY IN THE FORM OF MASONRY ARCH THEORY
5.5.3 EARTH PRESSURE THEORY
AE LAFRANGAISE
5.5.4 KOETTERS MATHEMATICAL EARTH PRESSURE THEORY
5.6 EXPERIMENTAL EARTH PRESSURE RESEARCH
5.6.1 THE PRECURSORS OF EXPERIMENTAL EARTH PRESSURE RESEARCH
5.6.1.1 CRAMER
5.6.1.2 BAKER
5.6.1.3 DONATH AND ENGELS
5.6.2 A GREAT MOMENT IN SUBSOIL RESEARCH
5.6.3 EARTH PRESSURE TESTS AT THE TESTING INSTITUTE FOR THE STATICS OF
STRUCTURES
AT BERLIN TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
5.6.4 THE MERRY-GO-ROUND OF DISCUSSIONS OF ERRORS
5.6.5 THE SWEDISH SCHOOL OF EARTHWORKS
5.6.6 THE EMERGENCE OF SOIL MECHANICS
5.6.6.1 THREE LINES OF DEVELOPMENT
5.6.62
THE DISCIPLINARY CONFIGURATION OF SOIL MECHANICS
5.6.63
THE CONTOURS OF PHENOMENOLOGICAL EARTH PRESSURE THEORY
348
351
352
352
354
355
356
356
358
360
360
361
362
363
365
366
367
371
373
376
378
381
387
387
390
396
404
405
407
411
412
416
417
417
418
419
422
424
5.7 EARTH PRESSURE THEORY IN THE DISCIPLINE-FORMATION PERIOD
OF GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING
5.7.1 TERZAGHI
5.7.2 RENDULIC
5.7.3 OHDE
5.7.4 ERRORS AND CONFUSION
5.7.5 A HASTY REACTION IN PRINT
5.7.6 FOUNDATIONS + SOIL MECHANICS = GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING
5.7.6.1 THE CIVIL ENGINEER AS SOLDIER
5.7.6.2 ADDENDUM
5.8 EARTH PRESSURE THEORY IN THE CONSOLIDATION PERIOD OF GEOTECHNICAL
ENGINEERING
5.8.1 NEW SUBDISCIPLINES IN GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING
5.8.2 DETERMINING EARTH PRESSURE IN PRACTICAL THEORY OF STRUCTURES
5.8.2.1 THE MODIFIED CULMANN
E
LINE
5.8.2.2 NEW FINDINGS REGARDING PASSIVE EARTH PRESSURE
5.9 EARTH PRESSURE THEORY IN THE INTEGRATION PERIOD OF GEOTECHNICAL
ENGINEERING
5.9.1 COMPUTER-ASSISTED EARTH PRESSURE CALCULATIONS
5.9.2 GEOTECHNICAL CONTINUUM MODELS
5.9.3 THE ART OF ESTIMATING
5.9.4 THE HISTORY OF GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING AS AN OBJECT OF
CONSTRUCTION
HISTORY
6 THE BEGINNINGS OF A THEORY OF STRUCTURES
6.1 WHAT IS THE THEORY OF STRENGTH OF MATERIALS?
6.2 ON THE STATE OF DEVELOPMENT OF THEORY OF STRUCTURES AND STRENGTH
OF MATERIALS IN THE RENAISSANCE
6.3 GALILEOS DIALOGUE
6.3.1 FIRST DAY
6.3.2 SECOND DAY
6.4 DEVELOPMENTS IN STRENGTH OF MATERIALS UP TO 1750
6.5 CIVIL ENGINEERING AT THE CLOSE OF THE 18TH CENTURY
6.5.1 THE COMPLETION OF BEAM THEORY
6.5.2 FRANZ JOSEPH RITTER VON GERSTNER
6.5.3 INTRODUCTION TO STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
6.5.3.1 GERSTNER S ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS OF LOADBEARING SYSTEMS
6.5.3.2 GERSTNER S METHOD OF STRUCTURAL DESIGN
6.5.3.3
EINLEITUNG IN DIE STATISCHE BAUKUNST
AS A TEXTBOOK FOR ANALYSIS
6.5.4 FOUR COMMENTS ON THE SIGNIFICANCE OF GERSTNER S
EINLEITUNG IN DIE
STATISCHE BAUKUNST
FOR THEORY OF STRUCTURES
6.6 THE FORMATION OF A THEORY OF STRUCTURES: EYTELWEIN AND NAVIER
6.6.1 NAVIER
6.6.2 EYTELWEIN
6.6.3 THE ANALYSIS OF THE CONTINUOUS BEAM ACCORDING TO EYTELWEIN
AND NAVIER
425 6.6.3.1
429
6.63.2
432
6.7
436 7
438 7.1
438 7.1.1
440 7.1.2
443 7.1.3
445 7.1.4
448 7.2
451 7.3
452
7.3.1
454
7.3.2
455
7.3.3
457 7.3.4
459 7.3.5
460 7.3.5.1
462
73.5.2
465 7.4
465 7.4.1
468 7.4.1.1
471 7.4.1.2
476 7.4.2
476 7.4.2.1
481
7A.2.2
491
7 A3
492
7.4.3.1
493
7.4.3.2
495 7.4.3.3
499
7.4.3.4
500 7.5
500 7.5.1
504 7.5.2
508 7.5.3
508
7.5.3.1
509
7.53.2
510
7.533
516
7.5.4
THE CONTINUOUS BEAM IN EYTELWEINS
STATIK FESTER KOERPER
THE CONTINUOUS BEAM IN NAVIERS
RESUME DES LEQONS
ADOPTION OF NAVIERS ANALYSIS OF THE CONTINUOUS BEAM
THE DISCIPLINE-FORMATION PERIOD OF THEORY OF STRUCTURES
CLAPEYRONS CONTRIBUTION TO THE FORMATION OF THE CLASSICAL ENGINEERING
SCIENCES
LES POLYTECHNICIENS:
THE FASCINATING REVOLUTIONARY ELAN IN POST-REVOLUTION
FRANCE
CLAPEYRON AND LAME IN ST. PETERSBURG (1820-1831)
CLAPEYRONS FORMULATION OF THE ENERGY DOCTRINE OF THE CLASSICAL
ENGINEERING SCIENCES
BRIDGE-BUILDING AND THE THEOREM OF THREE MOMENTS
THE COMPLETION OF THE PRACTICAL BEAM THEORY
FROM GRAPHICAL STATICS TO GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS
THE FOUNDING OF GRAPHICAL STATICS BY CULMANN
TWO GRAPHICAL INTEGRATION MACHINES
RANKINE, MAXWELL, CREMONA AND BOW
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN GRAPHICAL STATICS AND GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS
THE BREAKTHROUGH FOR GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS
GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS OF MASONRY VAULTS AND DOMES
GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS IN ENGINEERING WORKS
THE CLASSICAL PHASE OF THEORY OF STRUCTURES
WINKLERS CONTRIBUTION
THE ELASTIC THEORY FOUNDATION TO THEORY OF STRUCTURES
THE THEORY OF THE ELASTIC ARCH AS A FOUNDATION FOR BRIDGE-BUILDING
THE BEGINNINGS OF THE FORCE METHOD
CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE THEORY OF STATICALLY INDETERMINATE TRUSSED
FRAMEWORKS
FROM THE TRUSSED FRAMEWORK THEORY TO THE GENERAL THEORY OF TRUSSES
LOADBEARING STRUCTURE AS KINEMATIC MACHINE
TRUSSED FRAMEWORK AS MACHINE
THE THEORETICAL KINEMATICS OF REULEAUX AND THE DRESDEN SCHOOL
OF KINEMATICS
KINEMATIC OR ENERGY DOCTRINE IN THEORY OF STRUCTURES?
THE PYRRHIC VICTORY OF THE ENERGY DOCTRINE IN THEORY OF STRUCTURES
THEORY OF STRUCTURES AT THE TRANSITION FROM THE DISCIPLINE-FORMATION
TO THE CONSOLIDATION PERIOD
CASTIGLIANO
THE FUNDAMENTALS OF CLASSICAL THEORY OF STRUCTURES
RESUMPTION OF THE DISPUTE ABOUT THE FUNDAMENTALS OF CLASSICAL THEORY
OF STRUCTURES
THE CAUSE
THE DISPUTE BETWEEN THE SECONDS*
THE DISPUTE SURROUNDING THE VALIDITY OF THE THEOREMS OF CASTIGLIANO
THE VALIDITY OF CASTIGLIANOS THEOREMS
517
517
520
522
523
524
526
530
531
534
538
541
541
545
547
550
553
553
554
555
559
564
565
566
567
567
567
568
568
568
569
570
571
575
575
577
578
579
579
580
582
7.6 LORD RAYLEIGHS THE THEORY OF SOUND AND KIRPITCHEVS FUNDAMENTALS
OF CLASSICAL THEORY OF STRUCTURES
7.6.1 RAYLEIGH COEFFICIENT AND RITZ COEFFICIENT
7.6.2 KIRPITCHEVS CONGENIAL ADAPTATION
7.7 THE BERLIN SCHOOL OF THEORY OF STRUCTURES
7.7.1 THE NOTION OF THE SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL
7.7.2 THE COMPLETION OF CLASSICAL THEORY OF STRUCTURES BY MUELLER-BRESLAU
7.7.3 CLASSICAL THEORY OF STRUCTURES USURPS ENGINEERING DESIGN
7.7.4 MUELLER-BRESLAU*S STUDENTS
7.7.4.1 AUGUST HERTWIG
7.7A.2
AUGUST HERTWIG*S SUCCESSORS
8 FROM CONSTRUCTION WITH IRON TO MODERN STRUCTURAL STEELWORK
8.1 TORSION THEORY IN IRON CONSTRUCTION AND THEORY OF STRUCTURES
FROM 1850 TO 1900
8.1.1 SAINT-VENANFS TORSION THEORY
8.1.2 THE TORSION PROBLEM IN WEISBACH*S
PRINCIPLES
8.1.3 BACH*S TORSION TESTS
8.1.4 THE ADOPTION OF TORSION THEORY IN CLASSICAL THEORY OF STRUCTURES
8.2 CRANE-BUILDING AT THE FOCUS OF MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERING,
STEEL CONSTRUCTION AND THEORY OF STRUCTURES
8.2.1 RUDOLPH BREDT - KNOWN YET UNKNOWN
8.2.2 THE LUDWIG STUCKENHOLZ COMPANY IN WETTER A. D. RUHR
8.2.2.1 BREDT*S RISE TO BECOME THE MASTER OF CRANE-BUILDING
8.2.2.2 CRANE TYPES OF THE LUDWIG STUCKENHOLZ COMPANY
8.2.3 BREDT*S SCIENTIFIC-TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS
8.2.3.1 BREDT*S TESTING MACHINE
8.2.3.2 THE PRINCIPLE OF SEPARATING THE FUNCTIONS IN CRANE-BUILDING
8.2.3.3 CRANE HOOKS
8.2.3.4 STRUTS
8.2.3.5 FOUNDATION ANCHORS
8.2.3.6 PRESSURE CYLINDERS
8.2.3.7 CURVED BARS
8.2.3.8 ELASTIC THEORY
8.2.3.9 THE TEACHING OF ENGINEERS
8.2.3.10 TORSION THEORY
8.2.4 HEAVY ENGINEERING ADOPTS CLASSICAL THEORY OF STRUCTURES
8.3 TORSION THEORY IN THE CONSOLIDATION PERIOD OF THEORY OF STRUCTURES
(1900-1950)
8.3.1 THE INTRODUCTION OF AN ENGINEERING SCIENCE CONCEPT: THE TORSION
CONSTANT
8.3.2 THE DISCOVERY OF THE SHEAR CENTRE
8.3.2.1 CARL BACH
8.3.2.2 LOUIS POTTERAT
8.3.2.3 ADOLF EGGENSCHWYLER
8.3.2.4 ROBERT MAILLART
8.3.2.5 REARGUARD ACTIONS IN THE DEBATE SURROUNDING THE SHEAR CENTRE
582
585
585
585
587
588
590
590
592
593
595
596
599
600
600
603
606
608
609
612
613
615
616
617
621
628
632
637
640
641
644
645
649
652
653
654
655
656
657
8.3.3 TORSION THEORY IN STRUCTURAL STEELWORK FROM 1925 TO 1950
8.3.4 SUMMARY
8.4 SEARCHING FOR THE TRUE BUCKLING THEORY IN STEEL CONSTRUCTION
8.4.1 THE BUCKLING TESTS OF THE DSTV
8.4.1.1 THE WORLDS LARGEST TESTING MACHINE
8.4.1.2 THE PERFECT BUCKLING THEORY ON THE BASIS OF ELASTIC THEORY
8.4.2 GERMAN STATE RAILWAYS AND THE JOINT TECHNICAL-SCIENTIFIC WORK
IN STRUCTURAL STEELWORK
8.4.2.1 STANDARDISING THE CODES OF PRACTICE FOR STRUCTURAL STEELWORK
5.4.2.2 THE FOUNDING OF THE GERMAN COMMITTEE FOR STRUCTURAL STEELWORK
(DAST)
8.4.3 EXCURSION: THE *OLYMPIC GAMES* FOR STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
8.4.4 A PARADIGM CHANGE IN BUCKLING THEORY
8.4.5 THE STANDARDISATION OF THE NEW BUCKLING THEORY IN THE GERMAN
STABILITY
STANDARD DIN 4114
8.5 STEELWORK AND STEELWORK SCIENCE FROM 1925 TO 1975
8.5.1 FROM THE ONE-DIMENSIONAL TO THE TWO-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE
8.5.1.1 THE THEORY OF THE EFFECTIVE WIDTH
8.5.1.2 CONSTRUCTIONAL INNOVATIONS IN GERMAN BRIDGE-BUILDING DURING THE
1930S
8.5.1.3 THE THEORY OF THE BEAM GRID
8.5.1.4 THE ORTHOTROPIC PLATE AS A PATENT
8.5.1.5 STRUCTURAL STEELWORK BORROWS FROM REINFORCED CONCRETE:
HUBERS PLATE THEORY
8.5.1.6 THE GUYON-MASSONNET METHOD
8.5.1.7 THE THEORY DYNAMIC IN STEELWORK SCIENCE IN THE 1950S AND 1960S
8.5.2 THE RISE OF STEEL-CONCRETE COMPOSITE CONSTRUCTION
8.5.2.1 COMPOSITE COLUMNS
8.5.2.2 COMPOSITE BEAMS
8.5.2.3 COMPOSITE BRIDGES
8.5.3 LIGHTWEIGHT STEEL CONSTRUCTION
8.5.4 STEEL AND GLASS - BEST FRIENDS
8.6 ECCENTRIC ORBITS - THE DISAPPEARANCE OF THE CENTRE
9 MEMBER ANALYSIS CONQUERS THE THIRD DIMENSION:
THE SPATIAL FRAMEWORK
9.1 THE EMERGENCE OF THE THEORY OF SPATIAL FRAMEWORKS
9.1.1 THE ORIGINAL DOME TO THE REICHSTAG (GERMAN PARLIAMENT BUILDING)
9.1.2 FOUNDATION OF THE THEORY OF SPATIAL FRAMEWORKS BY AUGUST FOEPPL
9.1.3 INTEGRATION OF SPATIAL FRAMEWORK THEORY INTO CLASSICAL THEORY OF
STRUCTURES
9.2 SPATIAL FRAMEWORKS IN AN AGE OF TECHNICAL REPRODUCIBILITY
9.2.1 ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL
9.2.2 VLADIMIR GRIGORIEVICH SHUKHOV
9.2.3 WALTHER BAUERSFELD AND FRANZ DISCHINGER
9.2.4 RICHARD BUCKMINSTER FULLER
9.2.5 MAX MENGERINGHAUSEN
658
659
661
664
666
666
668
671
672
673
675
679
681
682
684
686
691
696
697
698
702
717
719
720
722
757
760
762
763
766
767
769
770
772
772
773
775
9.3
DIALECTIC SYNTHESIS OF INDIVIDUAL STRUCTURAL COMPOSITION AND
LARGE-SCALE PRODUCTION
9.3.1 THE MERO SYSTEM AND THE COMPOSITION LAW FOR SPATIAL FRAMEWORKS
9.3.2 SPATIAL FRAMEWORKS AND COMPUTERS
10 REINFORCED CONCRETE S INFLUENCE ON THEORY OF STRUCTURES
10.1 THE FIRST DESIGN METHODS IN REINFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION
10.1.1 THE BEGINNINGS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION
10.1.2 FROM THE GERMAN MONIER PATENT TO THE
MONIER-BROSCHUERE
10.1.3 THE
MONIER-BROSCHUERE
10.1.3.1 THE NEW TYPE OF STRUCTURAL-CONSTRUCTIONAL QUALITY OFFERED
BY THE MONIER SYSTEM
10.1.3.2 THE APPLICATIONS OF THE MONIER SYSTEM
10.1.3.3 THE ENGINEERING SCIENCE PRINCIPLES OF THE MONIER SYSTEM
10.2 REINFORCED CONCRETE REVOLUTIONISES THE BUILDING INDUSTRY
10.2.1 THE FATE OF THE MONIER SYSTEM
10.2.2 THE END OF THE SYSTEM PERIOD: STEEL + CONCRETE - REINFORCED
CONCRETE
10.2.2.1 THE NAPOLEON OF REINFORCED CONCRETE: FRANCOIS HENNEBIQUE
10.2.2.2 THE FOUNDING FATHER OF RATIONALISM IN REINFORCED CONCRETE:
PAUL CHRISTOPHE
10.2.2.3 THE COMPLETION OF THE TRIAD
10.3 THEORY OF STRUCTURES AND REINFORCED CONCRETE
10.3.1 NEW TYPES OF LOADBEARING STRUCTURE IN REINFORCED CONCRETE
10.3.1.1 REINFORCED CONCRETE GAINS EMANCIPATION FROM STRUCTURAL
STEELWORK:
THE RIGID FRAME
10.3.1.2 REINFORCED CONCRETE TAKES ITS FIRST STEPS INTO THE SECOND
DIMENSION:
OUT-OF-PLANE-LOADED STRUCTURES
10.3.1.3 THE FIRST SYNTHESIS
10.3.2 THE STRUCTURAL-CONSTRUCTIONAL SELF-DISCOVERY OF REINFORCED
CONCRETE
10.3.2.1 IN-PLANE-LOADED ELEMENTS AND FOLDED PLATES
10.3.2.2 REINFORCED CONCRETE SHELLS
10.3.2.3 THE SECOND SYNTHESIS
10.3.2.4 OF THE POWER OF FORMALISED THEORY
10.4 PRESTRESSED CONCRETE: *UNE REVOLUTION DANS LART DE BATIR
(FREYSSINET)
10.4.1 LEONHARDTS
PRESTRESSED CONCRETE. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
10.4.2 THE FIRST PRESTRESSED CONCRETE STANDARD
10.4.3 PRESTRESSED CONCRETE STANDARDS IN THE GDR
10.4.4 THE UNSTOPPABLE RISE OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE REFLECTED IN
BETON- UND
STAHLBETONBAU
10.5 PARADIGM CHANGE IN REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN IN THE FEDERAL
REPUBLIC
OF GERMANY, TOO
10.6 REVEALING THE INVISIBLE: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN WITH TRUSS
MODELS
10.6.1 THE TRUSSED FRAMEWORK MODEL OF FRANCOIS HENNEBIQUE
10.6.2 THE TRUSSED FRAMEWORK MODEL OF EMIL MOERSCH
10.6.3 A PICTURE IS WORTH 1,000 WORDS: STRESS PATTERNS FOR PLANE PLATE
AND SHELL
STRUCTURES
777 10.6.4 THE CONCEPT OF THE TRUSS MODEL: STEPS TOWARDS HOLISTIC DESIGN
IN
REINFORCED CONCRETE
780
781
783
790
791
792
793
794
795
795
797
799
800
802
803
805
806
806
807
808
808
809
810
811
814
815
816
817
818
821
824
824
826
829
832
834
834
835
838
841
11 THE CONSOLIDATION PERIOD OF THEORY OF STRUCTURES
11.1 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TEXT, IMAGE AND SYMBOL IN THEORY OF
STRUCTURES
11.1.1 THE HISTORICAL STAGES IN THE IDEA OF FORMALISATION
11.1.2 THE STRUCTURAL ENGINEER - A MANIPULATOR OF SYMBOLS?
11.2 THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE DISPLACEMENT METHOD
11.2.1 THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE MATHEMATICAL ELASTIC THEORY
11.2.1.1 ELIMINATION OF STRESSES OR DISPLACEMENTS? THAT IS THE QUESTION.
11.2.1.2 AN ELEMENT FROM THE IDEAL ARTEFACTS OF MATHEMATICAL ELASTIC
THEORY:
THE ELASTIC TRUSS SYSTEM
11.2.2 FROM PIN-JOINTED TRUSSED FRAMEWORK TO RIGID-JOINTED FRAME
11.2.2.1 A REAL ENGINEERING ARTEFACT: THE IRON TRUSSED FRAMEWORK WITH
RIVETED JOINTS
11.2.2.2 THE THEORY OF SECONDARY STRESSES
11.2.3 FROM TRUSSED FRAMEWORK TO RIGID FRAME
11.2.3.1 THINKING IN DEFORMATIONS
11.2.3.2 THE VIERENDEEL GIRDER
11.2.4 THE DISPLACEMENT METHOD GAINS EMANCIPATION FROM TRUSSED
FRAMEWORK THEORY
11.2.4.1 AXEL BENDIXSEN
11.2.4.2 GEORGE ALFRED MANEY
11.2.4.3 WILLY GEHLER
11.2.4.4 ASGER OSTENFELD
11.2.4.5 PETER L. PASTERNAK
11.2.4.6 LUDWIG MANN
11.2.5 THE DISPLACEMENT METHOD DURING THE INVENTION PHASE OF THEORY
OF STRUCTURES
11.3 THE RATIONALISATION MOVEMENT IN THEORY OF STRUCTURES
11.3.1 THE PRESCRIPTIVE USE OF SYMBOLS IN THEORY OF STRUCTURES
11.3.2 RATIONALISATION OF STATICALLY INDETERMINATE CALCULATIONS
11.3.2.1 STATICALLY INDETERMINATE MAIN SYSTEMS
11.3.2.2 ORTHOGONALISATION METHODS
11.3.2.3 SPECIFIC METHODS FROM THE THEORY OF SETS OF LINEAR EQUATIONS
11.3.2.4 STRUCTURAL ITERATION METHODS
11.3.3 THE DUAL NATURE OF THEORY OF STRUCTURES
11.4 KONRAD ZUSE AND THE AUTOMATION OF STRUCTURAL CALCULATIONS
11.4.1 SCHEMATISATION OF STATICALLY INDETERMINATE CALCULATIONS
11.4.1.1 SCHEMATIC CALCULATION PROCEDURE
11.4.1.2 THE FIRST STEP TO THE COMPUTING PLAN
11.4.2 THE *ENGINEERS CALCULATING MACHINE*
11.5 MATRIX FORMULATION
11.5.1 MATRIX FORMULATION IN MATHEMATICS AND THEORETICAL PHYSICS
11.5.2 TENSOR AND MATRIX ALGEBRA IN THE FUNDAMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
DISCIPLINES
11.5.3 THE INTEGRATION OF MATRIX FORMULATION INTO ENGINEERING
MATHEMATICS
11.5.4 A STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS MATRIX METHOD: THE CARRY-OVER METHOD
846
847
850
850
851
853
855
859
859
866
869
870
873
873
875
877
880
881
884
887
888
888
890
891
892
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896
898
901
904
905
907
908
909
910
910
911
916
917
917
917
918
12 THE DEVELOPMENT AND ESTABLISHMENT OF COMPUTATIONAL STATICS
12.1 *THE COMPUTER SHAPES THE THEORY* (ARGYRIS) - THE HISTORICAL ROOTS
OF THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
12.1.1 TRUSS MODELS FOR ELASTIC CONTINUA
12.1.1.1 KIRSCHS SPACE TRUSS MODEL
12.1.1.2 TRUSSED FRAMEWORK MODELS FOR ELASTIC PLATES
12.1.1.3 THE ORIGIN OF THE GRIDWORK METHOD
12.1.1.4 FIRST COMPUTER-AIDED STRUCTURAL ANALYSES IN THE AUTOMOTIVE
INDUSTRY
12.1.2 MODULARISATION AND DISCRETISATION OF AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES
12.1.2.1 FROM LATTICE BOX GIRDER TO CELL TUBE AND SHEAR FIELD LAYOUT
12.1.2.2 HIGH-SPEED AERODYNAMICS, DISCRETISATION OF THE CELL TUBE AND
MATRIX THEORY
12.2 THE MATRIX ALGEBRA REFORMULATION OF STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
12.2.1 THE FOUNDING OF MODERN STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
12.2.2 THE FIRST STEPS TOWARDS COMPUTATIONAL STATICS IN EUROPE
12.2.2.1 SWITZERLAND
12.2.2.2 UNITED KINGDOM
12.2.2.3 FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY
12.3 FEM - FORMATION OF A GENERAL TECHNOLOGY OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE
THEORY
12.3.1 THE CLASSICAL PUBLICATION OF A NON-CLASSICAL METHOD
12.3.2 THE HEURISTIC POTENTIAL OF FEM: THE DIRECT STIFFNESS METHOD
12.4 THE FOUNDING OF FEM THROUGH VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLES
12.4.1 THE VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLE OF DIRICHLET AND GREEN
12.4.1.1 A SIMPLE EXAMPLE: THE AXIALLY LOADED ELASTIC EXTENSIBLE BAR
12.4.1.2 THE GOETTINGEN SCHOOL AROUND FELIX KLEIN
12.4.2 THE FIRST STAGE OF THE SYNTHESIS: THE CANONIC VARIATIONAL
PRINCIPLE OF
HELLINGER AND PRANGE
12.4.2.1 PRANGES HABILITATION THESIS
12.4.2.2 IN THE HADES OF AMNESIA
12.4.2.3 FIRST STEPS IN RECOLLECTION
12.4.2.4 ERIC REISSNERS CONTRIBUTION
12.4.3 THE SECOND STAGE OF THE SYNTHESIS: THE VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLE OF
FRAEIJS DE VEUBEKE, HU AND WASHIZU
12.4.4 THE VARIATIONAL FORMULATION OF FEM
12.4.5 A BREAK WITH SYMMETRY WITH SERIOUS CONSEQUENCES
12.5 BACK TO THE ROOTS
12.5.1 PRIORITY FOR MATHEMATICAL REASONING
12.5.2 INFLUENCE FUNCTIONS
12.5.3 INFLUENCE FUNCTIONS AND FEM - AN EXAMPLE
12.5.4 PRACTICAL BENEFITS OF INFLUENCE FUNCTIONS
12.5.5 THE FUNDAMENTALS OF THEORY OF STRUCTURES
12.6 COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS
13 THIRTEEN SCIENTIFIC CONTROVERSIES IN MECHANICS AND THEORY OF
STRUCTURES
13.1 THE SCIENTIFIC CONTROVERSY
13.2 THIRTEEN DISPUTES
13.2.1 GALILEOS DIALOGO
13.2.2 GALILEOS DISCORSI
919
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923
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927
929
931
932
933
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936
936
937
941
945
948
950
952
952
954
954
955
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958
962
1090
1184
1196
13.2.3 THE PHILOSOPHICAL DISPUTE ABOUT THE TRUE MEASURE OF FORCE
13.2.4 THE DISPUTE ABOUT THE PRINCIPLE OF LEAST ACTION
13.2.5 THE DOME OF ST. PETERS IN THE DISPUTE BETWEEN THEORISTS AND
PRACTITIONERS
13.2.6 DISCONTINUUM OR CONTINUUM?
13.2.7 GRAPHICAL STATICS VS. GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS, OR THE DEFENCE OF PURE
THEORY
13.2.8 ANIMOSITY CREATES TWO SCHOOLS: MOHR VS. MUELLER-BRESLAU
13.2.9 THE WAR OF POSITIONS
13.2.10 UNTIL DEATH DO US PART: FILLUNGER VS. TERZAGHI
13.2.11 *IN PRINCIPLE, YES ... : THE DISPUTE ABOUT PRINCIPLES
13.2.12 ELASTIC OR PLASTIC? THAT IS THE QUESTION.
13.2.13 THE IMPORTANCE OF THE CLASSICAL EARTH PRESSURE THEORY
13.3 RESUME
14 PERSPECTIVES FOR A HISTORICAL THEORY OF STRUCTURES
14.1 THEORY OF STRUCTURES AND AESTHETICS
14.1.1 THE SCHISM OF ARCHITECTURE
14.1.2 BEAUTY AND UTILITY IN ARCHITECTURE - A UTOPIA?
14.1.3 ALFRED GOTTHOLD MEYERS EISENBAUTEN. IHRE GESCHICHTE UND AESTHETIK
14.1.4 THE AESTHETICS IN THE DIALECTIC BETWEEN BUILDING AND CALCULATION
14.2 HISTORICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE - HISTORICAL THEORY OF STRUCTURES
14.2.1 SAINT-VENANTS HISTORICAL ELASTIC THEORY
14.2.2 HISTORICAL MASONRY ARCH THEORY
14.2.3 HISTORICO-GENETIC TEACHING OF THEORY OF STRUCTURES
14.2.3.1 THE HISTORICO-LOGICAL LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS
14.2.3.2 THE HISTORICO-LOGICAL CROSS-SECTIONAL ANALYSIS
14.2.3.3 THE HISTORICO-LOGICAL COMPARISON
14.2.3.4 CONTENT, AIMS, MEANS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE
HISTORICO-GENETIC
TEACHING OF THEORY OF STRUCTURES
14.2.4 COMPUTER-ASSISTED GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS
15 BRIEF BIOGRAPHIES OF 260 PROTAGONISTS OF THEORY OF STRUCTURES
BIBLIOGRAPHY
NAME INDEX
SUBJECT INDEX
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Kurrer, Karl-Eugen 1952- |
| author2 | Thrift, Philip |
| author2_role | trl |
| author2_variant | p t pt |
| author_GND | (DE-588)140286438 (DE-588)1198183969 |
| author_facet | Kurrer, Karl-Eugen 1952- Thrift, Philip |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Kurrer, Karl-Eugen 1952- |
| author_variant | k e k kek |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV045081412 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1044747236 (DE-599)DNB1155188691 |
| dewey-full | 624.1709 |
| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 624 - Civil engineering |
| dewey-raw | 624.1709 |
| dewey-search | 624.1709 |
| dewey-sort | 3624.1709 |
| dewey-tens | 620 - Engineering and allied operations |
| discipline | Bauingenieurwesen |
| edition | Second, considerably enlarged edition |
| era | Geschichte gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV045081412 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-24T06:48:44Z |
| institution | BVB |
| institution_GND | (DE-588)2026876-2 |
| isbn | 9783433032299 3433032297 |
| language | English German |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-030472469 |
| oclc_num | 1044747236 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-83 DE-634 DE-210 DE-706 DE-525 |
| owner_facet | DE-83 DE-634 DE-210 DE-706 DE-525 |
| physical | XXIX, 1212 Seiten Illustrationen 25 cm |
| psigel | DHB_BSB2 DHB_DM BSB_NED_20190729 |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publishDateSearch | 2018 |
| publishDateSort | 2018 |
| publisher | Wiley, Ernst & Sohn |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Construction history series |
| spellingShingle | Kurrer, Karl-Eugen 1952- The history of the theory of structures searching for equilibrium Strukturmechanik (DE-588)4126904-4 gnd Bauingenieur (DE-588)4004812-3 gnd Baukonstruktion (DE-588)4004821-4 gnd Biografie (DE-588)4006804-3 gnd Geschichte (DE-588)4020517-4 gnd Baustatik (DE-588)4112679-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4126904-4 (DE-588)4004812-3 (DE-588)4004821-4 (DE-588)4006804-3 (DE-588)4020517-4 (DE-588)4112679-8 |
| title | The history of the theory of structures searching for equilibrium |
| title_alt | Geschichte der Baustatik |
| title_auth | The history of the theory of structures searching for equilibrium |
| title_exact_search | The history of the theory of structures searching for equilibrium |
| title_full | The history of the theory of structures searching for equilibrium Karl-Eugen Kurrer |
| title_fullStr | The history of the theory of structures searching for equilibrium Karl-Eugen Kurrer |
| title_full_unstemmed | The history of the theory of structures searching for equilibrium Karl-Eugen Kurrer |
| title_short | The history of the theory of structures |
| title_sort | the history of the theory of structures searching for equilibrium |
| title_sub | searching for equilibrium |
| topic | Strukturmechanik (DE-588)4126904-4 gnd Bauingenieur (DE-588)4004812-3 gnd Baukonstruktion (DE-588)4004821-4 gnd Biografie (DE-588)4006804-3 gnd Geschichte (DE-588)4020517-4 gnd Baustatik (DE-588)4112679-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Strukturmechanik Bauingenieur Baukonstruktion Biografie Geschichte Baustatik |
| url | http://d-nb.info/1155188691/04 http://www.wiley-vch.de/publish/dt/books/ISBN978-3-433-03229-9/ http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030472469&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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