Elements of hydrology and groundwater
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| LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 c 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV044704336 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 20180704 | ||
| 007 | t| | ||
| 008 | 180109s2017 xx a||| |||| 00||| eng d | ||
| 020 | |a 9788120353084 |9 978-81-203-5308-4 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)1021213087 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV044704336 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rda | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 049 | |a DE-384 | ||
| 084 | |a RB 10354 |0 (DE-625)142220:12705 |2 rvk | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Saxena, R. N. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Elements of hydrology and groundwater |c R.N. Saxena (Former Professor, Department of Applied Geology, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh), D.C. Gupta (Professor and Head. Department of Earth Science, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh) |
| 264 | 1 | |a Delhi |b PHI Learning Private Limited |c 2017 | |
| 300 | |a xiii, 281 Seiten |b Illustrationen, Diagramme | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Hydrologie |0 (DE-588)4026309-5 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Grundwasser |0 (DE-588)4022369-3 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Grundwasser |0 (DE-588)4022369-3 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Hydrologie |0 (DE-588)4026309-5 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Gupta, Debabrata D. |d 1943- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)171336488 |4 aut | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung UB Augsburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030100994&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 943 | 1 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-030100994 | |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1819651261545316352 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | MM
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Contents
mm
Preface
Acknowledgements xiii
1. Development of Hydrology and Groundwater
1.1 Historical Development of Hydrology 1
1.2 Historical Development of Groundwater Hydrology 2
2. Hydrology
2.1 Hydrological Cycle 6
2.2 Hydrology in Relation to Water Resources Development 7
2.3 Basic Data 9
2.4 Parameters of Hydrological Cycle 9
Review Questions 10
3. Precipitation
3.1 Formation of Precipitation 11
3.2 Precipitation Forms 13
3.3 Types of Precipitation 14
3.4 Measurement of Precipitation 15
3.4.1 Type of Rain Gauges 15
3.5 Mean Rainfall on Basin 20
3.5.1 Arithmetic Mean Method 20
3.5.2 Thiessen Polygon Method 21
3.5.3 Isohyetal Method 22
3.6 Supplementing of Rainfall Record 23
3.7 Factors Affecting Annual Rainfall of a Basin 23
3.8 Measurement of Snowfall 24
3.9 Snow-Runoff-Snow Melt 25
1-5
6-10
11-29
V
VI Contents
Review Questions 26
Objective Type Questions 26
Numerical Problems 28
4. Runoff
4.1 Surface Flow and Runoff Process 30
4.2 Discharge Measurement 31
4.3 Stage Discharge Relation-Rating Curves 38
4.4 Factors Affecting Runoff 39
4.4.1 Climate Factor 40
4.4.2 Physiographic Factor 42
4.5 Estimation of Runoff 47
4.5.1 Empirical Formula and Tables 47
4.5.2 Estimation from Water Losses 50
4.5.3 Infiltration Method 51
4.5.4 Unit Hydrograph Method 54
Review Questions 57
Objective Type Questions 57
Numerical Problems 59
5. Infiltration
5.1 Definition of Infiltration 61
5.2 Factors Affecting Infiltration Capacity 62
5.3 Annual and Seasonal Changes 63
5.4 Methods of Determination of Infiltration (F) 64
5.5 Hydrographic Analysis 66
5.6 Infiltration Capacity of Large Basins 68
5.7 Infiltration Indices 70
5.8 Infiltration Formula 71
Review Questions 72
Objective Type Questions 72
Numerical Problems 74
6. Evapotranspiration
6.1 Evaporation Process 75
6.2 Factors Affecting Evaporation 76
6.2.1 Meteorological Factors 76
6.2.2 Physical Factors 77
6.3 Measurement of Evaporation 78
6.3.1 Empirical Equations 78
6.3.2 Pan Methods 79
6.3.3 Evaporation Formulas 81
6.3.4 Humidity and Wind Velocity Gradient Method 82
6.3.5 Energy Budget Method 83
6.4 Transpiration 83
6.4.1 Factors Affecting Transpiration 83
6.4.2 Determination of Transpiration 84
30-60
61-74
75-88
i
6.4.3 Total Water Losses 84
6.4.4 Factors Affecting Total Water Losses 85
6.5 Importance of Meteorology in Groundwater Study 85
Review Questions 87
Objective Type Questions 87
Numerical Problems 88
7. Elements of Groundwater Hydrology
7.1 States of Water 89
7.2 Water Classification According to Origin 90
7.3 Types and Capacity of Natural Reservoirs 91
7.4 General Groundwater Equation 92
7.5 Geological Control of Groundwater 92
7.6 Occurrence and Distribution of Sub-Surface Water 93
7.7 Motion of Water Underground 94
Review Questions 95
Objective Type Questions 95
8. Hydrological Properties of Water Bearing Material
8.1 Porosity 97
8.1.1 Methods of Determination of Porosity 100
8.1.2 Direct Method 100
8.1.3 Optical Method 100
8.1.4 Computer Tomography Method 100
8.1.5 Imbibition Method 100
8.1.6 Gas Expansion Method 101
8.1.7 Gas Sorption Method 102
8.1.8 Liquid Intrusion Method 102
8.1.9 Microscopic Method 102
8.1.10 X-Ray and Neutron Scattering Method 102
8.2 Permeability 103
8.2.1 Factors Affecting Permeability 104
8.2.2 Methods of Measurement of Permeability 104
8.3 Specific Yield 110
8.3.1 Methods of Determination of Specific Yield 111
8.4 Specific Retention 112
8.5 Transmissivity 112
8.5.1 Methods of Determination of Transmissivity 112
8.6 Classification of Natural Material 120
8.6.1 Classification of Aquifers 121
Review Questions 122
Objective Type Questions 123
Numerical Problems 124
Contents vii
89-96
97-125
9. Groundwater Movement—Some Basic Principles and Fundamental Equations 126-143
9.1 Darcy’s Law 126
9.1.1 Validity of Darcy ’ s Law
127
viii Contents
9.2 Elasticity and Compressibility of Artesian Aquifers 128
9.3 Differential Equations Governing Groundwater Flow 129
9.4 Water Table in Different Materials 130
9.4.1 Water Table in Granular Pervious Material 130
9.4.2 Water Table in Crystalline and Fractured Cemented Rocks
9.5 Interpretation of Water Levels in Shallow Wells and Bore Holes
9.6 Importance of Water Table 131
9.7 Principles Governing Interpretation of Water Table 132
9.8 Water Table Maps 133
9.8.1 Method of Construction of Water Table Maps 133
9.8.2 Interpretation of Water Table Maps 133
9.8.3 Flow Net Analysis 138
9.8.4 Flow in Relation to Groundwater Contours 139
9.8.5 Flow across a Water Table 140
9.8.6 Flow across a Hydraulic Conductivity Boundary 141
Review Questions 142
Objective Type Questions 142
10, Well Hydraulics
10.1 Steady Unidirectional Flow 144
10.1.1 Steady Unidirectional Flow in Confined Aquifer 144
10.2 Steady Radial Flow to a Well 147
10.2.1 Steady Radial Flow in Unconfined Aquifer 147
10.2.2 Steady Radial Flow to Unconfined Aquifer 148
10.3 Unsteady Radial Flow in Confined Aquifer 149
10.4 Unsteady Radial Flow in Unconfined Aquifer 150
10.5 Steady Flow in Semi-Confined or Leaky Aquifers 151
10.6 Special Cases of Well Flow 153
10.6.1 Well Flow Near Aquifer Boundaries 154
10.6.2 Well Flow Near Other Boundary 155
10.7 Multiple Well System 157
10.8 Partially Penetrating Wells 158
10.9 Well Losses 159
10.10 Specific Capacity 160
Review Questions 161
Objective Type Questions 161
Numerical Problems 163
11. Wells-Types, Construction, Design Development and Production Tests
11.1 Types of Wells 164
11.1.1 Dug Wells 164
11.1.2 Bored Wells 165
11.1.3 Driven Wells 166
11.1.4 Jetted Wells 166
11.1.5 Bore Wells or Tube Wells
11.2 Water Well Drilling 167
11.2.1 Cable Tool Drilling 167
130
131
144-163
164-182
Contents ¡X
11.2.2 Hydro-Rotary or Reverse Rotary Drillings 168
11.2.3 Rotary Drilling Methods 168
11.3 Well Construction 169
11.3.1 Installation of Well Screens 169
11.3.2 Placement of Gravel Pack 170
11.4 Recovery of Well Screens 171
11.4.1 Sand Joint Method 171
11.4.2 Acid Treatment 171
11.5 Well Development 171
11.6 Well Testing—Production Test or Pumping Test 173
11.6.1 Purpose of Production Tests 173
11.6.2 Devices for Measurement of Drawdown 175
11.6.3 Device for Measurement of Discharge 177
11.7 Selection of Pump Sets 179
Review Questions 180
Objective Type Questions 181
12. Hydrochemistry
12.1 Measurement of Water Quality 185
12.2 Chemical Analysis 185
12.3 Dissolved Constituents in Groundwater and Their Source 186
12.4 Bacteriological Quality of Water 189
12.5 Graphical Representation of Water Quality 190
12.5.1 Ionic Concentration Diagram 190
12.5.2 Stiffs Polygon of epm 191
12.5.3 Pie (Sector) Diagram 192
12.5.4 Piper’s Trilinear Diagram 193
12.6 Quality of Water for Drinking Purpose 195
12.7 Water Quality Criteria for Irrigation 196
12.7.1 Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) Concentration 196
12.7.2 Relative Proportion of Sodium to Other Cations (Ca and Mg)
12.7.3 Concentration of Certain Specific Elements 198
12.7.4 Residual Sodium Carbonate 198
12.7.5 Concentration of Boron 198
12.8 Quality of Water for Industrial Use 199
12.9 Groundwater Pollution 199
12.9.1 Source and Nature of Pollution 200
Review Questions 203
Objective Type Questions 204
Numerical Problems 205
13. Groundwater Exploration
13.1 Geological and Hydrogeological Methods 208
13.2 Surface Geophysical Methods 209
13.2.1 Electrical Methods 210
13.2.2 Interpretation of Resistivity Data 215
13.2.3 Electromagnetic Method 217
183-206
197
207-230
X Contents
13.2.4 Seismic Method 217
13.2.5 Other Geophysical Methods 219
13.3 Subsurface Geophysical Methods 219
13.3.1 Electrical Resistivity and Spontaneous Logging 220
13.3.2 Radioactive Logging 221
13.3.3 Induction Logging 224
13.3.4 Sonic Logging 224
13.3.5 Fluid Logging 225
13.3.6 Calliper Logging 225
13.4 Water Witching 226
13.5 Remote Sensing Technique of Groundwater Prospecting 226
Review Questions 229
Objective Type Questions 229
Numerical Problems 230
14. Groundwater Development and Management 231-243
14.1 Groundwater Development 231
14.1.1 Static and Dynamic Reserves 231
14.1.2 Well Interference 232
14.1.3 Development of Wells Near Flowing Streams 232
14.1.4 Yield of Aquifer 232
14.1.5 Overdevelopment of Aquifers 233
14.1.6 Response of Aquifers to Development 234
14.1.7 Land Subsidence due to Groundwater Development 234
14.1.8 Quality of Water 235
14.2 Management of Groundwater 235
14.2.1 Artificial Recharge in Groundwater Management 236
14.2.2 Concept of Artificial Recharge 237
14.2.3 Preliminary Investigation 237
14.2.4 Methods of Artificial Recharge 237
14.3 Basin Management by Conjunctive Use 241
Review Questions 241
Objective Type Questions 241
15. Geohydrological Zones and Groundwater Provinces of India 244-249
15.1 Category-A 244
15.2 Category-B 245
15.3 Groundwater Provinces of India 246
Review Questions 249
Objective Type Questions 249
Appendix A Unit Conversion Factors 251-255
Appendix B Glossary 256-260
Appendix C Answers 261-263
Bibliography 265-271
Index 273-281
|
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| author | Saxena, R. N. Gupta, Debabrata D. 1943- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)171336488 |
| author_facet | Saxena, R. N. Gupta, Debabrata D. 1943- |
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| bvnumber | BV044704336 |
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| id | DE-604.BV044704336 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-24T06:16:00Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9788120353084 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-030100994 |
| oclc_num | 1021213087 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-384 |
| owner_facet | DE-384 |
| physical | xiii, 281 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publishDateSearch | 2017 |
| publishDateSort | 2017 |
| publisher | PHI Learning Private Limited |
| record_format | marc |
| spellingShingle | Saxena, R. N. Gupta, Debabrata D. 1943- Elements of hydrology and groundwater Hydrologie (DE-588)4026309-5 gnd Grundwasser (DE-588)4022369-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4026309-5 (DE-588)4022369-3 |
| title | Elements of hydrology and groundwater |
| title_auth | Elements of hydrology and groundwater |
| title_exact_search | Elements of hydrology and groundwater |
| title_full | Elements of hydrology and groundwater R.N. Saxena (Former Professor, Department of Applied Geology, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh), D.C. Gupta (Professor and Head. Department of Earth Science, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh) |
| title_fullStr | Elements of hydrology and groundwater R.N. Saxena (Former Professor, Department of Applied Geology, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh), D.C. Gupta (Professor and Head. Department of Earth Science, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Elements of hydrology and groundwater R.N. Saxena (Former Professor, Department of Applied Geology, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh), D.C. Gupta (Professor and Head. Department of Earth Science, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh) |
| title_short | Elements of hydrology and groundwater |
| title_sort | elements of hydrology and groundwater |
| topic | Hydrologie (DE-588)4026309-5 gnd Grundwasser (DE-588)4022369-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Hydrologie Grundwasser |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030100994&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT saxenarn elementsofhydrologyandgroundwater AT guptadebabratad elementsofhydrologyandgroundwater |