From Praha to Prague Czechs in an Oklahoma farm town

"<BR /> Around the turn of the twentieth century, thousands of Czechs left their homelands in Bohemia and Moravia and came to the United States. While many settled in major American cities, others headed to rural areas out west where they could claim their own land for farming. In From Pr...

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520 |a "<BR /> Around the turn of the twentieth century, thousands of Czechs left their homelands in Bohemia and Moravia and came to the United States. While many settled in major American cities, others headed to rural areas out west where they could claim their own land for farming. In From Praha to Prague, Philip D. Smith examines how the Czechs who founded and settled in Prague, Oklahoma, embraced the economic and cultural activities of their American hometown while maintaining their ethnic identity.<BR /><BR /> According to Smith, the Czechs of Prague began as a clannish group of farmers who participated in the 1891 land run and settled in east-central Oklahoma. After the town's incorporation in 1902, settlers from other ethnic backgrounds swiftly joined the fledgling community, and soon the original Czech immigrants found themselves in the minority. By 1930, the Prague Czechs had reached a unique cultural, social, and economic duality in their community.  
520 |a They strove to become reliable, patriotic citizens of their adopted country...joining churches, playing sports, and supporting the Allied effort in World War II...but they also maintained their identity as Czechs through local traditions such as participating in the Bohemian Hall society, burying their dead in the town's Czech National Cemetery, and holding the annual Kolache Festival, a lively celebration that still draws visitors from around the world.  
520 |a As a result, Smith notes, succeeding generations of Prague Czechs have proudly considered themselves Czech Americans: firmly assimilated to mainstream American culture but holding to an equally strong sense of belonging to a singular ethnic group.<BR /><BR /> As he analyzes the Czech experience in farm-town Oklahoma, Smith explores several intriguing questions: Was it easier or more difficult for Czechs living in a rural town to sustain their ethnic identity and culture than for Czechs living in large urban areas such as Chicago? How did the tactics used by Prague Czechs to preserve their group identity differ from those used in rural areas where immigrant populations were the majority? In addressing these and other questions, From Praha to Prague reveals the unique path that Prague Czechs took toward Americanization.<BR />"... 
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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text Contents List of Illustrations ix Acknowledgments xi Introduction 3 1 Czech Immigration to the United States to 1930 10 2 Settlement of Lincoln County and the Formation of Prague, Oklahoma, 1891—1902 18 3 Religion, Freethought, and the Czech Community 29 4 Czech Fraternal Organizations in Prague 45 5 Economic Life in a Small Town 65 6 Family Ties and Everyday Life of Prague s Czechs 84 7 Education and the Czech Community 105 8 Politics and Community Life in Prague 121 Epilogue 135 Notes 141 Bibliography 171 Index 185 Bibliography Primary Sources Benes, Vojta. Economic Strength of the Bohemian (Czechoslovak) Lands. Chicago: Bohemian (Czech) National Alliance, 1918. Bohemian National Alliance. The Position of the Bohemians (Czechs) in the European War. Chicago: Bohemian National Alliance in America, n.d. Czech National Alliance in Great Britain. Austrian Terrorism in Bohemia. London: Czech National Alliance in Great Britain, n.d. Czech National Cemetery, Prague, OK. Czechoslovak Arts Club. The Czech Declaration of January 6,1918. New York Czechoslovak Arts Club, 1918. ------. The Independence of the Czechoslovak Nation: Quotations from Wilson, Viviani, Balfour, Palacky, Masaryk, Seton-Watson, ér Others. New York: Czechoslovak Arts Club, 1918. Dillingham, William P. Dillingham Family Papers. Woodson Research Center, Rice University, Houston. ------. Miscellaneous papers and printed materials. Assorted collections. Waterbury Historical Society, Waterbury, VT. Dostalik, Carmen. “Carmen Dostaliks Scrapbook Interesting Clippings of Prague Residents and Personal Writings of Family Histories.” Three-ring binder. Prague Historical Museum, n.d. First Baptist Church. Church records. Prague, OK. First Methodist Church. Membership rolls. Prague, OK. Land Records. Lincoln County. Township 12, Range 6, Sections 20-29. Lincoln County Courthouse, Chandler, OK. Masaryk, Thomas G. Declaration of the Bohemian (Czech) Foreign Committee: Comments of London Papers. Chicago: Bohemian National Alliance of America, n.d. Namier, Lewis B. The Case of Bohemia. London: Czech National Alliance, 1917. Oklahoma Geological Survey. Bulletin No. 19: Petroleum and Natural Gas in Oklahoma, Part II: A Discussion of the Oil and Gas Fields, and Undeveloped Areas of the State by Counties. Norman: Oklahoma Geological Survey, 1917. Pergler, Charles. The Bohemians (Czechs) in the Present Crisis: An Address Delivered by Charles Pergler, LL.B., on the 28th Day of May, 1916, in Chicago, at a Meeting Held to Commemorate the Deeds of Bohemian Volunteers in the Great War,; Chicago: Bohemian National Alliance, 1916. ------. Bohemians Claim to Independence: An Address Delivered by Charles Pergler, LL.B., before the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives of the United States on February 25, 1916. Chicago: Bohemian National Alliance, 1916. Prague Chamber of Commerce. Prague, Oklahoma: City of Opportunities. Brochure. Prague City Cemetery. Prague, OK. 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Reports of the Immigration Commission. 42 vols. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1911. Western Czech Brotherhood Association (Zapadni Ceske Bratrskajednota). Bohemian Hall financial account books, Lodge 46, Prague, OK. ------. Bohemian Hall meeting minutes, Lodge 46, Prague, OK. ------. Bohemian Hall membership rolls, Lodge 46, Prague, OK. Periodicals Monthly New Era (Davenport, OK, 2000) New York Times (1919) Oklahomske Noviny (Chicago) (1905-6) Prague News (1902-17) Prague News-Record (1920-30) 17a * Bibliography Prague Patriot (1903-9) Prague Record (1909—20) Prague Times-Herald (1987) Tulsa Tribune (1945) Secondary Sources Books Alexander, Charles C. The Ku KluxKlan in the Southwest. Lexington: University of Kentucky Press, 1965. Anderson, Benedict. Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. Rev. ed. London: Verso, 1991. Archdeacon, Thomas J. Becoming American: An Ethnic History. New York: Free Press, 1983. Avrich, Paul. 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Italian or American? Second Generation in Conflict. New Haven; Yale University Press, 1943. Crispino, James. The Assimilation of Ethnic Groups: The Italian Case. Staten Island: Center for Migration Studies, 1980. Diner, Steven J. A Very Different Age: Americans of the Progressive Era. New York: Hill dC Wang, 1998. Dobra, Daniel, ed. Czech and Slovak Leaders in Metropolitan Chicago. Chicago: Slavonic Club, University of Chicago, 1934. Dolan, Jay R In Search of an American Catholicism: A History of Religion and Culture in Tension. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002. Dvornik, Francis. Czech Contributions to the Growth of the United States. Chicago: Benedictine Abbey Press, 1962. Erickson, Charlotte, ed. Emigration from Europe, 1815—1914: Select Documents. London: Adam and Charles Black, 1976. Fishman, Joshua A. Language Loyalty in the United States: The Maintenance and Perpetuation of Non-English Mother Tongues by American Ethnic and Religious Groups. London: Mouton, 1966. Franklin, Jimmie Lewis. The Blacks in Oklahoma. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1980. Gallup, Sean N. Journeys into Czech-Moravian Texas. College Station: Texas AdCM University Press, 1998. Gambino, Richard. Blood of My Blood. Garden City, NY: Anchor Books, 1975. Gans, Herbert J. The Urban Villagers: Group and Class in the Life of Italian- Americans. New York: Free Press, 1962. Garis, Roy L. Immigration Restriction: A Study of Opposition to and Regulation of Immigration into the United States. New York: Macmillan, 1927. 174 ^ Bibliography Glazer, Nathan, and Daniel Patrick Moynihan. Beyond the Melting Pot. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1963. Gordon, Milton M. Assimilation in American Life: The Role of Race, Religion, and National Origins. New York: Oxford University Press, 1964. Gottfried, Alex. Boss Cermak of Chicago: A Study of Political Leadership. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1962. Graham, Otis L. Unguarded Gates: A History of America’s Crisis. Lanham, MD: Rowman 8C Littlefield, 2004. Greeley, Andrew. Ethnicity in the United States: A Preliminary Reconnaissance. New York: Wiley, 1974. -------. Why Can’t They Be Like Us? America’s White Ethnic Groups. New York: E. P. Dutton, 1971. Gregory, Robert. Oil in Oklahoma. Muskogee, OK: Leake Industries, 1976. Habenicht, Jan. A History of Czechs in America. St. Louis: Hlas, 1910. Haldeman-Julius, Emanuel. The Germans from Russia in Oklahoma. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1980. -------. The Militant Agnostic. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 1995. Handlin, Oscar. Boston’s Immigrants, 1790-1880: A Study in Acculturation. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1941. -------. The Uprooted: The Epic Story of the Great Migrations That Made the American People. Boston: Little, Brown, 1951. Hansen, Marcus Lee. The Atlantic Migration, 1607—1860. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1940. Hareven, Tamara K. 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Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1973. Dubovicky, Ivan. Czech-Americans: An Ethnic Dilemma.” Nebraska History 74 (Fall-Winter 1993): 195-208. Dudek, J. B. The Bohemian Language in America. American Speech 2 (April 1927): 299-311. i8o v*5* Bibliography Easterlin, Richard A. “Immigration: Economic and Social Characteristics.” In Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups, ed. Stephan Themstrom, Ann Orlov, and Oscar Handiin, 476-86. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1980. Eitinger, Leo. “Feeling at Home: Immigrants Psychological Problems.” In Strangers in the World, ed. Leo Eitinger and David Schwarz, 84-106. Bern, Switzerland: Hans Huber, 1981. Elovitz, Paul H. “Patterns and Costs of Immigration.” In Immigrant Experiences: Personal Narrative and Psychological Analysis, ed. Paul H. Elovitz and Charlotte Kahn, 60-73. Madison, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1997. Fischer, LeRoy H. “Oklahoma Territory, 1890-1907.” Chronicles of Oklahoma 53 (Spring 1975): 3-8. Fishman, Joshua A. “Language Maintenance.” In Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups, ed. Stephan Themstrom, Ann Orlov, and Oscar Handiin, 629-38. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1980. Fowler, James H. Creating an Atmosphere of Suppression, 1914—1917.” Chronicles of Oklahoma 59 (Summer 1981): 202-23. -------. “Tar and Feather Patriotism: The Suppression of Dissent in Oklahoma during World War One.” Chronicles of Oklahoma 56 (Winter 1978-79): 409-30. Freeze, Karen Johnson. “Czechs.” In The Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups, ed. Stephan Themstrom, Ann Orlov, and Oscar Handiin, 261-72. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University, 1980. Gans, Herbert. “Symbolic Ethnicity: The Future of Ethnic Groups and Cultures in America.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 2, no. 1 (January 1979). Garver, Bruce. “Czech-American Freethinkers on the Great Plains, 1871- 1914.” In Ethnicity on the Great Plains, ed. Frederick C. Luebke, 147-69. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1980. -------. “Czech-American Protestants: A Minority within a Minority.” Nebraska History 74 (Fall-Winter 1993): 150-67. Greene, Victor R. “Ethnic Confrontations with State Universities, 1860- 1920.” In American Education and the European Immigrant, 1 40~~1940, ed. Bernard J. Weiss, 189-207. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1982. Gumprecht, Blake. “A Saloon on Every Comer: Whiskey Towns of Oklahoma Territory, 1889-1907.” Chronicles of Oklahoma 74 (Summer 1996): 146-73. Hale, Douglas. “European Immigrants in Oklahoma: A Survey.” Chronicles of Oklahoma 53 (Summer 1975): 179-203. Bibliography ^ i8i Hansen, Marcus Lee. “The Problem of the Third Generation Immigrant/ In Theories of Ethnicity: A Classical Reader, ed. Werner Sollors, 202—16. New York: New York University Press, 1996. ------. “The Study of Man: The Third Generation in America/ Commentary 14 (November 1952): 492-500. Hareven, Tamara K., and John Modell. “Family Patterns/’ In Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups, ed. Stephan Thernstrom, Ann Orlov, and Oscar Handiin, 345-54. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1980. Jahelka, Joseph. “The Role of Chicago Czechs in the Struggle for Czechoslovak Independence/’ Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society 31, no. 4 (December 1938): 381-410. Johnson, W. H. “The Saloon in Indian Territory/’ North American Review 146 (March 1888): 340-41. Kennedy, Ruby Jo Reeves. “Single or Triple Melting-Pot? Intermarriage Trends in New Haven, 1870-1940.” American Journal of Sociology 49 (January 1944): 331-39. Lowenbach, Jan. “Czech Composers and Musicians in America.” Musical Quarterly 29 (1943): 313-28. Luebke, Frederick C. “Czech·American Immigration: Some Historiographical Observations.” Nebraska History 74 (Fall—Winter 1993): 218-22. Lynch, Russell Willford. “Czech Farmers in Oklahoma: A Comparative Study of the Stability of a Czech Farm Group in Lincoln County, Oklahoma, and the Factors Relating to Its Stability.” Bulletin of Oklahoma Agriculture and Mechanical College 39, no. 13 (June 1942). Machann, Clinton. “Religious Attitudes in Early Immigrant Autobiographies Written by Czechs in Texas.” MELUS 22 (Winter 1997): 168-69. Magocsi, Paul Robert. “Loyalties: Dual and Divided.” In Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups, ed. Stephan Thernstrom, Ann Orlov, and Oscar Handiin, 676-89. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1980. Meaders, Nobuko Yoshizawa. “The Trans cultural Self.” In Immigrant Experiences: Personal Narrative and Psychological Analysis, ed. Paul H. Elovitz and Charlotte Kahn, 47-59. Madison, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1997. Morawska, Ewa. “In Defense of the Assimilation Model.” Journal of American Ethnic History 13, no. 2 (Winter 1994): 76-87. Naramore, Ronald. “Ethnicity on the American Frontier: A Study of Czechs in Oklahoma.” Papers in Anthropology 14 (Spring 1973): 104-14. 18a ^ Bibliography Nelson, Candace, and Marta Tienda. The Structuring of Hispanic Ethnicity: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives.” In Ethnicity and Race in the U.S.A.: Toward the Twenty-First Century, ed. Richard D. Alba, 49-74. Boston: Routledge ÔC Kegan Paul, 1985. Nolte, Claire E. Our Brothers across the Ocean: The Czech Sokol in America to 1914.” Czechoslovak and Central European Journal 11 (Winter 1993): 15-37. Olneck, Michael R., and Marvin Lazerson. Education.” In Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups, ed. Stephan Themstrom, Ann Orlov, and Oscar Handiin, 303-19. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1980. Opatmy, Josef. Problems in the History of Czech Immigration to America in the Second Half of the Nineteenth Century.” Nebraska History 74 (Fall-Winter 1993): 120-29. Park, Robert. Racial Assimilation in Secondary Groups with Particular Reference to the Negro.” American Journal of Sociology 19 (March 1914): 606-23. Rakoff, Vivian. Children of Immigrants.” In Strangers in the World, ed. Leo Eitinger and David Schwarz, 133—46. Bern: Hans Huber, 1981. Richards, Eugene S. Trends of Negro Life in Oklahoma as Reflected by Census Reports.” Journal of Negro History 33 (January 1948): 38—52. Rohrs, Richard. Settlement and Migration Patterns of Immigrants and Their Children: A Research Note.” Immigration History Newsletter 19 (November 1987): 6-8. Roucek, Joseph. The Passing of American Czechoslovaks.” American Journal of Sociology 39, no. 5 (March 1934): 611-25. ------. Problems of Assimilation: A Study of Czechoslovaks in the United States.” Sociology and Social Research 17 (September-October 1931): 62-71. Smith, Timothy L. Religion and Ethnicity in America.” American Historical Review 83 (December 1978): 1155-81. Stolarik, M. Mark. Slovaks.” In The Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups, ed. Stephan Themstrom, Ann Orlov, and Oscar Handiin, 926-34. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1980. Svoboda, Joseph G. Czech-Americans: The Love of Liberty.” Nebraska History 74, nos. 3-4 (Fall—Winter 1993): 109-19. Theses and Dissertations Klein, James Edward. Ä Social History of Prohibition in Oklahoma, 1900- 1920.” PhD diss., Oklahoma State University, 2003. 183 Bibliography * Martin, William Earl. The Cultural Assimilation of the Czechoslovak in Oklahoma City: A Study of Culture Contrasts/ MA thesis, University of Oklahoma, 1935. Rees, H. Louis. The Czechs during World War I (Especially 1917—1918): Economic and Political Developments Leading toward Independence. PhD diss., Ohio State University, 1990. Showalter, James Lowell. Payne County and the Hooded Klan, 1921—1924. PhD diss., Oklahoma State University, 2000. Smith, Philip D. The Decline of Czechoslovak America: An Examination of Czechoslovak Immigration and Adjustment to the United States since 1960. MA thesis, University of Tulsa, 1992. Tower, William Ray. “A General History of the Town of Prague, Oklahoma, 1902—1948/’ MA thesis, Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College, 1948. Interviews Kinzey, Diana. Telephone interview by author, 10 January 2016. Sestak, Valdean. Telephone interview by author, 16 February 2016. 184 / Bibliography Index Adams 8C Sangster Pool Hall, 162n65 African Americans, 4, 25, 73 Alexander, William, 76 Ambrister, Bertha, 128 Americanism, 32, 81 American Legion: civic lodge, 124, 165n24; and Edward Sefcik, 138; entertainment at, 102; named after Edward Walla, 62 Amsden Lumber Company, 77. See also Bartosh, P. J. Arlington, Okla., 20, 118-19, 167n53 Atlantic Oil Production Company, 157n61 Austria-Hungary, 12-13 Austrian Terrorism in Bohemia (Czech National Alliance in Great Britain), 56 Babek, Alice (wife of Cecil Olson), 95 Babek, Anna (wife of Jan), 36 Babek, Charles, 125, 127, 169n33 Babek, Jan, 36 Balaun, A. J.: auctioneer, 76; and cigar factory, 169n31; early leader, 122, 124; as justice of the peace, 99, 123 Balch, Emily, 142nl, 154nl9 Baltimore, Lord, 12 Banghain, George (husband of Mary), 92-93, 160n28 Banghain, Mary (wife of George), 92 Baptists: revivals, 168n25; Methodist Church, use of, 41; and Sabbath, 54 Barrett, David, 156n57 Barrymore, John, 133 Barta, Eva (mother of Frank), 3 Barta, Frank, 145n23; airshow on Barta farmland, 103; burial, 145; 1891 land run, 20; leader and businessman, 3, 69, 88, 154; member of Catholic Church, 23, 36, 39; original homesteader, 3, 20, 69, 144n3. See also Barta Hotel Barta, Jack (grandson of Frank and Josephine Barta), 38; obituary, 170 Barta, John (son of Frank and Josephine Barta): burial, 150; fishing trip, 9; and ZCBJ, 48-49, 150nl2 Barta, Josephine (wife of Frank Barta), 3; death of, 134, 145, 170; and Fort Smith and Western Railroad, 88 Barta Hotel, 3, 69, 128, 154n22 Barta Post Office, 20, 111 Bartosh, August, 169n30 Bartosh, Camellia (wife of Joe Bartosh), 162n57 Bartosh, Edward “Eddie,” 110, 169n28 Bartosh, Henryetta, 117 185 Bartosh, Joe (husband of Camellia), 100,113, 144n3, 61n57 Bartosh, P. J., 77 Battle of White Mountain, 7,109 Belgium, 25, 57 Benes, Edvard, 56 Benes, Vojta, 57 Beranek family, 144n3 Beseda Dance Team, 120, 167n57 Bever, H. E., 76 Biggs Drug Store, 72 ‘‘birds of passage/ 11, 14 Bison, Okla., 17 Blum, Robert, 33 Blumel, Oswald, 45-46, 150nnl-2, 152n56 Blumenthal, Ernest (son of Morris), 87 Blumenthal, Morris, 87; oil discovered, 77, owner of The Leader store, 71, 155n32 Bohemia, Bohemians, 3-4,6-7, 18-19, 21-25, 27, 35-36, 38-41, 44-47, 49-50, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 81, 87, 92-94, 97-98, 100, 105- 7, 109-13, 116, 120-24, 126, 130, 133-34, 136-37, 141n6, 142n8, 143nl4, 143nl7, 143nl9, 144n9, 145nl7, 145nl9, 146n24, 146n39, 147nl2, 147nl4, 147nl8, 148n22, 148n25, 148n33, 148nn41-42, 149n46, 149n49, 150n7, 150nl0, 150nl8, 151n35, 151n40-41, 151n43, 152n44-46, 152n48, 152n83, 158nl2, 159nl 5, 159nl7, 159n26, 164nl4-15, 166n55, 167n5—6, 168nl4, 169n36, 141n6; early immigration, 10-17; participation in World War I, 55-63; in Texas, 74-75, 131-32; and Thirty Years War, 12 Bohemia Manor, 12 Bohemian Hall, 3, 23, 36, 41-42, 46, 48, 53-55, 90, 98, 103, 111, 117, 129, 132-33, 145nn20— 22, 150n2, 150n9, 150nll, 150nl3, 153nn65-66, 158n88, 162n61, 165n30, 166n32, 170n3; activities of, 38, 40, 43, 61, communication with other Czech associations, 36-37, 43, 55, 150nl3; and Catholics, 36; charter members, 64; and Czech National Cemetery (Prague, Okla.), 101, 140; Czech plays, 38, 102; dances, 38, 40, 69, 102, 163n75; and freethought, 37-38, 43, 48, 140, 170n9; funeral of Frank Vlasak, 51; and Kolache Festival, 135- 36; lire insurance and relief to members, 37, 48, 101, 140; membership in 1920, 145n21; permanent building erected, 22; and public school, 107, 166n40; purchasing cigars, 153n66; records written in Czech, 153n65; today s association, 136-37. See also Western Czech Brotherhood Association (Zapadni Česko Bratrska Jednota; ZCBJ) Bohemian National Alliance: fund֊ raisers for, 59, 61,63; merger with other groups in 1918, 56-57; refusal of Catholics to join, 38; World War I organization, 55,56,58 i86 Index Bohemian Political Association, 121- 24, 168nl4 Bohemian Slavonian Benevolent Society, 22, 47 Bontty, Julius (husband of Bertha Hall), 160n38, 163n85; as band leader, 102, 124, 127, 169n28; as Czech farmer, 76 Bontty s Coronet Band, 102, 163n85 Boston, Mass., 9, 30, 146n2, 161n42; Boston store in Prague, Okia., 124 Botts, Clifford, 101 Bouda, Frank, 118 Bouda, Lewis, 118 Bouda, Rose (wife of Ollie McAdams), 42 Bow, Clara, 133 brambory salat (potato salad), 135 Bratrsky Vestnik (Fraternal Bulletin), 98 Brauer, Max, 95 Bristow Browns, 86 Brno, Moravia, 98 Brown, Albert, 120 Brown, Melva Losch, 111, 152n56 Bruza, Emily, 167n57 Bruza, Josef, 145n20 Bruza, Vaclav, 145n20 Bryan, William Jennings, 122 Budweis, Bohemia, 143Ш4 Burk s Big Show, 103 Busy Bee Café, 62, 70. See also Kučera, Frank Butler, Charles (husband of Mildred Bret), 42 Bykosi, Bohemia, 18 Capek, Thomas, 15, 143n24 Case of Bohemia, The (Czech National Alliance, pub.), 56 Case, Mose, 84, 86 Casey, Cora, 166n39 Caslau, Bohemia, 143nl4 Catholic Benevolent Union, 40 Catholic Cemetery (Prague, Okla.), 36, 110, 145n23 Catholics, 21, 39, 40, 43; and Battle of White Mountain, 109; and Bohemian Hall, 23, 36, 54-55; and Czech Protestants, 40; fraternal association of, 40; St. Wenceslaus Church, 29-30, 40; and World War I, 38 Catholic Worker (Katolicky Delnik), 40, 54 Cemy, Anton, 145n20 Cemy, Charles, 61 Cemy, Clara, 118 Cemy, Elba Cemy, Josef: land owned in Arlington, Okla., 118; member of Bohemian Hall, 64, 145n20 Cemy, Oliva, 117 Červeny, John, 41, 69; hunting trip, 99; real estate agent, 70 Červeny, May Mee, 117 Chandler, Okla.: baseball game against, 84; Frisco baseball league, 85; near Prague, Okla., 79; road from Prague, Okla., to Chandler, Okla., 77 Chicago, 111., 9,14,27,31-32, 34-35, 38, 40, 45, 51, 56-58, 60, 72-73, 80, 83, 98, 122, 128, 129, 140, 146n38, 147n9, 147ПІ5, 147n20, 150Ш7, 15ІП39, 15ІП43, 152nn44-^6, 152n48, 152П51, 158n82 Index ** 187 Chicago Tribune, 80 Cincinnati Reds, 85 City Cemetery (Prague, Okla.), 39, 42, 150nl2, 160n34 Cleveland, Ohio, 13, 27, 73, 98, 122, 129, 167n9 Cleveland, Okla., 117, 139, 154n27 Cobb, Ty, 85, 158n5 COD Meat Market, 82 cottager, 12, 30, 142nl3 Council of Constance, 35 Creighton University, 72, 117 Croats, 14 Czech Hall: fraternal associations, 22; in Yukon, Okla., 16 Czech National Cemetery (Prague, Okla.), 41—43, 51, 95-96, 101, 110, 113, 140, 149n55, 150nl2, 160n34, 161n39, 162n57 Czechoslovak Arts Club, 58 Czechoslovak National Council of America, 57 Czech School (Prague, Okla.), 106-7, 110, 112, 117, 119, 131, 165n22, 166n40 Davenport, Okla.: bridge collapses, 78; maps of homestead filings published in newspaper, 144n3, 144n5; Wellston baseball team moves to, 53 Davis, Ben, 105 Davis, John, 102 deists, 34 Dent, Okla., 20, 22, 47, 133, 145nll, 165n27, 165n30 Dillingham Commission, 97, 111 Dobry Lumber Company, 69, 154n22 Dorcey and Roberts Saloon, 153nl0 Dorcey Shooting Gallery, 162n64 Dostalik, Antonia, 119 1891 land run. See land run, 1891 El Reno, Okla., 16 endogamous marriage, 91—95 English, Violet (née Cerny), 161n39 Eret, George: director of first bank in Prague, Okla., 70, 102, 127; lessons given to Prague’s youngsters on stringed instruments, 119; local businessman, 64; member of Bohemian Hall, 42; original homesteader, 144n3 Eret, Joseph (son of George), 42 Eret, Lillian (wife of Joseph), 42 Eret, Mildred (granddaughter of George), 42 ethnic communities, 15, 27, 38, 97, 108, 119, 129, 131-32, 134, 146n38 ethnic group, 8—9, 16, 27—28, 31, 38, 63-64, 68, 89-91, 93-94, 96-98, 104, 107, 109 ethnic identity, 4-5, 8-9, 28, 31, 39, 43, 50, 83, 89, 91, 96, 133, 137, 140 ethnicity, 23, 28, 31, 38, 40, 50, 76, 80, 92, 96, 116, 130, 133-34, 141n9, 147nl0, 159nl3, 159n23, 160n33, 161n42; birthright, 8, 89; symbolic, 8, 141nl0 Evans, Billy, 85 exogamous marriage, 91—96, 160n33 Farley, Jim, 124 Fennel, Clarence, 120 Feuerbach, Ludwig, 33 Fiel, Carl, 76 i88 Index First Baptist Church, 42, 149n62 First Chance Saloon, 153nl0 Fisher, L. J: president of the American Alliance during World War I, 57; writing about Austrian war atrocities, 59 Folly Theater: plays performed in, 102; motion pictures, 103 Fort Smith and Western Railroad: abandonment, 157n77; and Prague, Okla., 79; Prague, Okla., as coaling station on, 3, 88 Forth, Kathryn, 120 Fredrich, Cindy, 170n3 Free Congregations (Svobodne Obce), 34 freethought: associations centered on, 37, 39, 48-50, 57, 63; and Catholics, 23; in the Czech community, 29, 43, 74,122, 140, 170n9; and Czech-language press, 34-35; origin and philosophy, 32-33; in Texas, 38 Frisco League (baseball), 53, 85 FS W. See Fort Smith and Western Railroad Galveston, Texas, 15, 143n24 Garber, Okla., 144n35 Gehrig, Lou, 85 Germans, 16; compared to Czechs, 15; immigrants, 4, 12, 19, 59, 61, 97, 107, 111, 121, 145n9, 146n31, 156n47; in Prague, Okla., area, 20-21, 60; during World War I, 83 Good Roads Boosters, 78 Gray, Augustus, 73 Griffin, Frank, 75 Habsburg rulers, 6-7, 12, 45, 141n4, 141n6; and Catholic Church, 33 Hajek, J., 127, 169n31 Hall, Bertha (wife of Julius Bontty), 160n38 Hardy Saloon, 153nl0 Harris, Georgie (wife of William), 26 Harris, William (husband of Georgie), 26 Harshaw, J. W, 20 Hegel, George F. W, 33 Heinzig, Fritz, 60 Hendrix Saloon, 154nl0 Hennessey, Okla., 144n35 Herman, Augustine, 11-12 Hlas, 34 Hlasatel (Herald), 98 Hnát, František, 77 Holman, Anna (née Smicka; wife of Louis), 161n41 Holman, Louis (husband of Anna), 161n41 Holy Roman Empire, 81,109 Hooter, Lester, 84, 86 Hooter s Billiard Hall, 162n65 Hotel Barta. 3. See Barta Hotel Hrbek, Sarah: speaks in Prague, Okla., during World War I, 61; spelling of name, 153n59 Hrdy, Emma Benes (ex-wife of Josef and mother of Olinka), 138 Hrdy, Josef (Joseph; ex-husband of Emma Benes), 82; father of Olinka Hrdy, 138; original homesteader, 144n3; saloon owner, 66 Hrdy, Olinka (daughter), 170n7; in California, 139, Oklahoma muralist, 138 Index 189 Hruška, Maximilian, 144n3,145n20 Hudspeth, Kate, 60 Hull House, 32 Hungarians: dominating the Slovaks, 14; among new immigrants/ 14 Hus, Jan: commemoration of, 35, 61; honored by Milligan Czechs 132; medieval martyr, 35, 108; New York Presbyterian Church, 40—41; and World War I, 56 Illinois, 13-16, 26-27, 60, 100, 139, 156n47 immigration, 7,9, 10-11,14—15, 39-40, 47, 73, 97, 142n3, 142n6, 142nl2, 143nnl5—16, 143n23, 146n35, 147n9,159n24. See also U.S. Immigration Commission Independent Order of Odd Fellows, 46, 124 Indian Territory: alcohol smuggled into, 66-67; as dry territory, 65; and Fort Smith and Western Railroad, 3; Harris family in, 26-27; and Keokuk Falls, 65 Ingersoll, Robert, 33 Iowa, 13-15, 18-19, 24, 92-93, 98; Cedar Rapids, 98; Waterloo, 18 Ireland, 25 Irvine, E S., 78 Italians: and Catholicism, 31; overall numbers in United States, 16; urban problems, 74, 129 Jepsen, George, 128, 168n20 Jezek, Charles, 169n29, 169n33 Jezek, Frank, 169n33 Jezek Van Dyke, Marjorie, 170n3 Jim Crow laws, 126 Jim Thorpe Boulevard, 135 Johnson, Fr. George V, 135 Jones, Junia Heath, 99 Kahanek, Wesley, 118 Kaiser, Anna (wife of Jan), 113 Kaiser, Annie (daughter of Jan and Anna), 113 Kaiser, Jan (husband of Anna), 113, 145n20 Kanak, Billie, 169n28 Kanak, Steve, 125, 169n33 Kentucky Liquor House, 66 Keokuk Falls, Okla., 20, 65-66, 153n2 Keystone Oil and Gas Company, 157n61 Kilgo, Ednamae (wife of Herbert), 160n34, 161n39. See also Vlasak, Ednamae (wife of Herbert Kilgo) Kilgo, Herbert (husband of Ednamae), 94-95, 160n34 Kingfisher, Okla.: Czech influence in, 16; and settlement of Czechs, 17,144n35 Kinsey, C. E., 76, 167nl Klabzuba, Charles Charlie (son of Joseph), 78,105, 118, 124, 169n33 Klabzuba, Eddie, 102, 117 Klabzuba, Frank, 72, 155n38 Klabzuba, Joseph (Josef): member of ZCBJ, 64; owner of Kentucky Liquor House, 66-67; and second generation, 159n26 Klabzuba, Rose (wife of Harmon Veatch), 42 Klabzuba, Wes, 73, 76, 156n57 knedliky (dumplings), 135 Index 190 Knights of Pythias, 46, 124 kolache, 135 Kolache Festival, 135-36, 170nl Kolar, Raymond, 117 Kolar, Stanley, 77 Kolodny, Sam: New York Bargain Store, 71, 77, 115n32; wins domino toumament, 101 Koutnik, Fannie (sister of Frank Vlasak), 18 Koutnik, Frank (husband of Fannie), 19 Kozak, Vencí, 3 Kozak, Frank (son of Vencí): attended Czech school, 110; football player, 105, 110, 118; high school play, 102 Kryche, Eddie, 159n26 Kucera, Emil, 167n57 Kucera, Frank: businessman, 64; and Busy Bee Café, 70 Kucera, Lada, 169n28 Ku Klux Klan (KKK), 125 Kutak, Robert: historian, 87; on Milligan, Nebr., 129 Kuttenberg, Bohemia, 143nl4 Ladra, Vaclav, 47, 145n20 La Follette, Robert, 122 LaGrene, Tex, 103 Lambdin, Okla.: as refueling site, 3; settlement of, 20 land run, 1891, 3, 4, 18-20, 39, 47, 69, 87, 165n27 Lanik, Frank, 70, 103 Lanik, Joseph, 30, 36, 75, 103, 169n28 Leader General Store, 86. See abo Blumenthal, Morris Leder, Josef (husband of Mary), 117, 125n20 Leder, Lon, 99 Leder, Mary (wife of Josef): attending school, 115; leasing acreage for oil exploration, 77 liberals, liberalism: and anti- Catholicism, 33; members of fraternal associations, 37; members of Sokol, 50; in Oklahoma, 37; perception of Jan Hus, 35; as rationalists, 32. See abo freethought Lincheid, Adolph L., 107 Lincoln County, Okla., 3, 9, 18-22, 24, 26, 47, 53, 64-65, 70, 74, 77-79, 98, 103, 111, 118-19, 141nnl—2, 144nnl—3, 145n21, 153n2, 154nl 1, 155nn28—29, 157n61, 157n79, 164n5, 167nl0, 169n45 Lincoln County Bank, 64, 70, 77, 155n29 Lone Star Pool Parlor, 162n65 Lone Star State. See Texas Lynch, Russell, 52 Makovsky Band, 126 Mansur, Beatrice, 164n8 Martinek, Agnes (daughter of Vincent), 116-17, 166n37 Martinek, Vincent, 20, 116-17, 166n37, 166n41 Maryland, 11, 15 Masaryk, Thomas: during World War I, 56-57, 63; first president of Czechoslovakia, 131 Masonic Lodge, 46 Mastena, František, 20, 127 Mastena, John, 72 materialism, 33 Index ^ 191 McAdams, Ollie (husband of Rose Bouda), 42 McElvany, Rev. William, 125 McKim, Vern: livery business, 72; takes job at Vlasak s garage, 76 Medford, Okla., 17 Mertes, Jacob, 121, 155n34 Mertes, John, 60 Mertes, Nola, 72 Methodist Church, First United, 149n51, 149n54 Methodist-Episcopal Church, 41, 102, 148n38 Metropolitan Pool Hall, 162n65 Mid-Kansas Oil and Gas Company, 157n61 Miles, Fred, 101 Miller, Julia (wife of George Sala), 160n38 Milligan, Nebr., 13, 27, 38, 80, 88, 129-32; politics, 122, 128, 130; public school, 119. See also Nebraska Minnesota, 13-15, 19, 24 Mishak, Okla., 16 Mitacek, Mike, 59, 70 M. L. Clark and Sons Circus, 103, 163n79 Modem Woodmen of America, 46 Moravia, Moravians, 4, 20-22, 98, 111, 133, 136, 142nl 1, 146n24, 164nl5; animosity toward Austria, 144n5; and Austro- Hungarian Empire, 6-7; called “Czechs, 7; in Central Europe, 6, 12; creation of Sokols, 49-50; emigration from, 13; and freethought, 38-39; migration to Prague, Okla., 16, 20, 24—25; missionaries, 142nll; number of families in Prague, Okla., 75, 87; participation in World War I, 55—58, 63; reasons for leaving, 11—13; and religion, 39, 44, 74; and Texas, 14, 24-25, 75, 80, 131, 143n24, 148n34, 158n84 Moravian Brethren Church, 38, 40, 80 Mountain State Oil Company, 157n61 Mraz, Gerald: and Musical Art Institute of Oklahoma, 70; relocates to Oklahoma City, 82 Mraz, John Z.: death of wife, 99; as physician, 72, 155n37 Muisack family, 144n3 Mullen, Frank, 98, 161n47 Mustang, Okla., 16 Nation, Carry, 65 nativists, nativism: attacking Catholics, 74; hostility toward immigrants, 97; and native-born people in Prague, Okla., 77; settlement of Prague, Okla., 5 Navrah, Frank, 169n29 Nebraska: Creighton University, 72, 117, 166n44; town of Ord, 82; town of Saline City, 35; town of Wilber, 27, 80, 88. See also Milligan, Nebr.; University of Nebraska New Amsterdam, N.Y., 11 Newhouse, Frank N., 69, 98-99, 154n20, 161n48 New York Bargain Store, 71, 77, 99, 101. See also Kolodny, Sam New York City, 9, 18, 30, 58, 140, 150nl7 Nietzsche, Friedrich, 33 ■ Index 192 Nix, Fannie, 100 Noble County, Okla., 17 North America, 7, 12, 14, 68, 142n7 North Creek, Okla.: Czechs in, 19, 159n26, 160n37; German immigrant community, 146n31 Novotny, Albert, 115 Novotny, Fannie, 115 Odd Fellows. See Independent Order of Odd Fellows O Kane, Emmett, 71, 72, 155n33 Oklahoma AScM College, 52 Oklahoma Cigar Manufacturing Company, 127. See also Hajek, J. Oklahoma City, Okla.: Czech immigrants in, 16-17; Czechs awaiting land run in, 18—19; distance from Prague, Okla., 40; Dr. Karl Sladek, from, 42; and FSdCW Railroad, 3; Gerald Mraz relocated to, 82; Musical Art Institute of, 70; and Olinka Hrdy, 139; Prague Czechs traveling to, 99-100; teachers meeting in, 120 Oklahomaske Noviny (Oklahoma News), 98, 161n45 Oklahoma Territory: Czechs in, 15, 23-24; and FS W Railroad, 3; Harris family in, 26-27; Lincoln County and cotton, 78; and Pechacek family, 112, 165n30; and Placa family, 112; Sac and Fox Reservation, 18; as wet territory, 65-66 Olson, Cecil (husband of Alice Babek), 95 Omaha, Nebr., 14, 60, 83; and freethought weekly Pokrok Zapadu, 34-35; headquarters of ZCBJ, 22, 47-48 One Price Store, 71. See also O’Kane, Emmett Opela, Agnes, 100 Opela: birthday party, 100; early Czech family, 41, 95, 106 Oplinger, Lloyd Fatty,” 84, 86 Overstreet, W S., 161n47 Paden, Okla.: baseball game against Prague, 85; discovery of oil, 77; Frisco baseball league, 85; trouble on road to, 99 Paris, France, 45, 151n28 Parks, Cliff, 75 Pastusek, Anton: in newspaper, 99; town officeholder, 121—22 Pastusek, Lillian, 117 Pastusek, Mary, 102 Pastusek, Wesley: baseball player, 84, 87; entering army, 84; leaves Prague, Okla., 159nl2; parents, 158nl2; working as sales clerk, 86 Pechacek, Josef (husband of Matilda), 112, 165n30, 166n32 Pechacek, Mary (daughter of Josef and Matilda), 115 Pechacek, Matilda (wife of Josef), 112,166n32 Pennsylvania, 12-14, 77 Pennsylvania Oil Company, 77 People’s Party (Populist Party), 123 Pergler, Charles, 57 Perry, Okla., 17, 144n35 Pershing, John J. (general), 84 Petecka, Elizabeth, 166n34 Phil’s Place, 153nl0 Index 193 Pickford, Mary, 133 Pierson, John, 75 Pilsner (beer), 7, 66, 141n5 Písecky, Ferdinand, 61 Písek, Bohemia, 143nl4 Piter, Joe, 156n47 Piter, Mary, 116 Pittsbuigh, Pa., 31 Placa, Frances (husband of Francis), 112-13 Placa, Francis (wife of Frances), 112 Plzen, 7, 141n5, 143nl4 Pokrok Zapadu (Progress of the West), 34-35, 122 Poles, Poland: compared to Czechs, 14—16, 74,81, 109, 111; migrating west, 31; reaction to American culture, 7 positivism, 33 Pospisil, Jim, 165 n24 Pospisil, Marie, 167n57 Pospisil, Rudolph, 103 Pospisil, Wes: visiting Hensleys, 100; working in harness shop, 59 Prague, Bohemia: formation of original Sokol clubs, 49; home of C. M. Sadlo’s sister, 59 Prague, Okla. 3, 5-6, 8, 9, 16, 20-23, 26, 45-54, 66-79, 81-104, 121- 34, 137—84; beginnings in 1891, 4,181; demographically diverse, 27-28; and Kolache Festival, 135—36; public schooling in, 105—20; religion v. freethought, 29, 31, 36-43; Texas Moravians migrating to, 24—25; and West, Texas, 80—81; during World War 1, 55-64 Prague Baptist Church, 42, 149n62 Prague Conservatory of Music, 70; Prague, Okla., Sokol competes at, 45, 151n28 Prague Garage, 78 Prague Historical Museum, 151n24, 151n26 Prague News: advertisements in, 70, 150nl3, 154n24; anti-German outlook during World War I, 59; arrest of Wellston baseball team, 53; on baseball team, 158nl; on cotton production in Lincoln County, 78; on election of judge, 168nl2; Emmet O’Kane’s One Price Store, 71; first issue of, 69, 154n20; Frank Newhouse, publisher of, 69; Frank Nipper buys, 98—99, 162n48; and Joe Eret’s barbershop, 76; listing saloons in the area, 66; and location of Vobomik and Kinsey Meat Market, 167nl; marriage announcements, 92; and oil boom, 77; People s Party holding meetings in town, 123; physician John Mraz advertises in, 72; publishes directory of lodges in 1915, 46, 168nl8; Republican in coverage, 59; saloon fights reported in, 67; social events reported in, 100, 162n53, 163n84; on tennis team, 101; town’s receipts reported in 1907, 66 Prague Patriot, 98, 150nl3, 154n20, 162n53. See also Mullen, Frank Prague Public School, 117, 119 Prague Record: ads for Czech 194 Index businesses, 154n24; on agricultural exports, 59; anti- German in outlook, 59; articles from Bohemian National Alliance, 59; on Bohemian Hall, 150nl3; calling for better roads, 78; covering the baseball team, 84-86,158nl; death of Joe Rubac, 101; death of William Woods, 155n39; Frank Nipper buys Prague Patriot and changes name, 99; on Frank Vlasak death, 51; KKK activity reported, 125; marriage announcements in, 94,161n41; Prague residents activities mentioned, 75, 99-100, 117, 156n47,162n53; on Professor Ferdinand Pisecky lecture, 61; on Sokol trip to Europe, 150nl; stories on arrests, 67; on Terrible Turk (wrestler) visit, 103 Prague Sluggers (baseball team), 84-86,118 Praha, 3. See also Prague, Okla. Prairie Oil and Gas Company, 77 Presbyterians: and Bret family, 42; using the Methodist Church, 41; and Sabbath, 54; heritage of and Jan Hus, 40 Pritchett, Mary Ann, 151n24 progressives, progressivism: and Frank Vlasak, 51; and Free Congregations (Svobodne Obce), 34; and Oklahoma farmers, 50; periodicals, 14, 98; U.S. Immigration Commission on Czechs, 81 Progressives, Progressivism, 123, 147nl9; Czechs on policies of Robert La Follette and Theodore Roosevelt, 122 Protestants, 12, 21-23, 36-41,43, 53, 74, 109, 120,142nll, 164nl3 Protestants (Czechs): buried in City Cemetery (Prague, Okla.), 39; and Catholics, 40; fleeing Thirty Years War, 12, 109; joining Bohemian Hall, 41; in Nebraska, 41; original numbers, 21,40; social mingling with Catholics and freethinkers, 41; trace heritage to Jan Hus, 40 Provaznik, Fannie (wife of Frank), 115 Provaznik, Frank (husband of Fannie), 115 Provaznik family, 19,144n3 Pruett, Frances (nee Wood), 161n39 Prykrill, Henry, 78 Prykrill Orchestra, 102 Quaker Oil and Gas Company, 157n61 Radne, Wise., 14. See also Wisconsin Ragsdale 6C Perkins Saloon, 153nl0 Ramsdal Saloon, 153nl0 rationalism, rationalists, 33-34, 36, 43, 98. See freethought Rawdon, Preston G., 78 Red Sokols, 50 Reel, John, 84, 86 Reliable Chevrolet Company, 78 Rexall Drug Store, 155n35 Roberts, Olene, 120 Ronge, Johannes, 33 Index % 195 Roosevelt, Theodore, 122 Rosewater, Edward, 34 Rosicky, John, 34 Rosicky, Rose, 35, 150n7 Rubac, Anna (wife of Joseph), 101 Rubac, Joseph Joe” (husband of Anna), 82, 100-101 Ruth, George Babe,” 85, 158n5 Sabbatarian laws, 52 Sac and Fox: choice for county name, 145nl3; Czechs settling in former lands of, 20; and Keokuk Falls, 66; and Jake Zabloudil, 82« See also Zabloudil, Jake Sádlo, C. M.: early immigrant in Prague, Okla., 36, 59; on fishing trip with friends, 99; officer of Samostatnost (Independence) club, 61; respected citizen, 169n33; as tailor, 70 Sadlo, Emily (wife of George), 119 Sadlo, George: exceptional athlete, 101, 118, 139; father of, 158nl2; in first graduating class, 117, 164n8, 166n51; moves to Cleveland, Okla., 154n27; pitcher for Prague Sluggers, 84, 86-87; violin instructor, 70 Sadlo-Wilson, Kathryn (daughter of George and Emily), 170n8 Sahm, A. C„ 157n73 Sala, Ernest, 118 Sala, George Grampa” (husband of Julia Miller), 119, 169n38 Sala, Jim, 105,118 Saline City, Nebr., 35 Samostatnost (Independence) club, 61 Savoy Theater, 103 Scotland, 25 Sefcik, Frank (faťher of Mary Anne Pritchett), 151n24, 165n24 Sefdk, Jan, 47, 145n20 Sefcik, John, 145n20, 167n57 Sekavec, František, 145n20 Sekera, Frank, 79, 82 Seminole, Okla.: football game against Prague, 105,163nl Seminole Indians, 138 Šesták, Eddie, 167n57 Šesták, Ernest, 167n57 Šesták, Frank, 22-23, 115, 144n3 Šesták, George, 77 Šesták, Helen, 167n57 Šesták, Jarrod, 137 Šesták, Mary, 117 Šesták, Ross, 170n3 Šesták, Valdean, 170n3, 170n9 Šesták, Terezie: and oil leases, 77; school attendance, 115 Sevcik, Ottokar, 70 Seven Deadly Saloons, 65 Shawnee, Okla., 75, 79 Shivers, Elien (née Bruza), 161n39 Shumate, Eva, 77 Simek, Anna Mae (daughter of Anton), 100 Simek, Anton, 3, 23, 39, 145n23 Simek, Jaké, 169n29 Simek, John (husband of Lillian Turner), 160n38 Sinclair Pipe Line Company, 77 Sládek, Karl, 42 Slavic, 7, 8, 13-15, 74, 97, 111, 124, 141n7, 142nl, 143nl4, 147nl2, 147n20, 153n6, 154nl9, 167n7, 167n9; Czechs as, 5, 196 Index 7; destinations in the United States, 13-14, 19, 66, 99-100; fraternal association, 36; nation of Czechoslovakia, 35; provinces, 6; relationship with Anglo neighbors in Prague, Okla., 132. Slavic Benevolent Society, 36 Sleva, Frank, 169n29 Slovak League, 57 Slovaks, 7, 15, 68; as “birds of passage,” 14, 142n4; Hungarian domination, 14; migrating west, 31; part of “new immigrants,” 14; and U.S. Immigration Commission, 81, 111; during World War I, 63 Slover, A. R, 162n66 Slover, Robert, 120 Smika, Antonin, 145n20 Snajdr, Vaclav, 35 Snook, Texas: demographic and cultural dominance, 80, 88, 132; Czechs residents of, 131; location of Moravian Brethren Church, 38; Robert Skrabanek home, 131 socialism: hotbed of, 167n9; in Prague, Okla., 50, 123 Sojka, C. V: officer of Prague lodge, 124; in Prague Boosters, 78; Presbyterian Church member, 42; visitors to Sojka home, 100 Sojka, Elmer, 169n28 Sojka, Lydia (wife of C. V), 104 Sojka, Van, 78 Sokol Gymnastic Society, 49, 80. See also Tyrs, Miroslav Sokol Hall, 41, 124, 149n55; early Chamber of Commerce meetings, 124; end of, 165n24; language classes held at, 107, 109-10, 119; Municipal Band practice, 127; officers of, 61; social events, 102 Sosenko, Henrietta, 77 Soukup, Helen, 167n57 South Creek, Okla., 25; African American residents, 26; Czech families from Texas, 74, 159n26; Czech homesteads, 19, 144n3, 144n5; and Czech settlers, 92-93, 111; native-born settlers, 20; population in 1900, 22, 23; and Pechacek family, 112 Souva, František, 20 Spaniel, Alfred, 169n28 Spaniel, Jan, 77 Sparks, Okla., 85 Speaker, Tris, 85 Spencer, Herbert, 33 Spinoza, Benedict, 32 Stasta, Frank, 145n20 Still, Frank, 103, 163n79 St. Louis, Mo., 14, 31, 83; first Sokol in the United States, 50; headquarters of Bohemian Slavonian Benevolent Society, 22, 47 Stoklasa, Joe: Chamber of Commerce member, 125, 169n33; Prague, Okla., grocer, 41 Stoklasa, John (brother of Joe), 124 Story of a Bohemian-American Village, The (Kutak), 87 St. Wenceslaus Catholic Church, 5, 23, 117, 148n40; and the Index 197 St. Wenceslaus Catholic Church (cont.) Catholic worker, 40, 54; Christmas 1919, 30; and freethinkers, 37; George V Johnson, priest of, 135; and tornado, 29—30, 36, 39-40 Sucha, Agnes (daughter of Stanley and wife of Max Brauer), 94, 160n37 Sucha, Stanley, 118, 160n37 Supler, Marie (née Svoboda), 161n39 Suva, Charles, 144n3, 169n29 Svoboda, Frank: Chamber of Commerce member, 125, 169n33; Prague, Okla., blacksmith, 70 Svoboda, Jan: funeral at Methodist Church, 42; member of ZCBJ, 41 Svoboda, Raymond, 167n57 Svoboda, Rose, 167n57 Tabor, Bohemia, 143nl4 Tarpey, M. J., 75 Terfler, Frank, 77, 113, 145n20 Terrible Turk, 103 Texas: Czech and Then Some band, 135; and freethought, 38; Galveston, port of, 15, 143n24; Jake Zabloudil moves to Abilene, 82, 157n79; as Lone Star State, 38, 112, 143n24; Moravian Brethren Church, 38, 80; and Moravians, 14, 24-25, 38, 131; Prague, Okla., Sokol Club trip to Ft. Worth, 151n28; Roman Catholic Church dominates, 38; town of Snook, 38, 80, 88, 131-32; town of West, 80-81; Wesley Pastusek born in, 87, 158nl2; William Harris family in, 26-27. See also Pastusek, Wesley; Zabloudil, Jake Thorpe, Jim, 20, 118 Tinker Air Force Base, 16 Tower, Ray, 60, 152n56 Transcontinental Oil Company, 157n61 Tugwell, Frank, 156n52 Tulsa Race Riot, 125 Tyrs, Miroslav, 49. See also Sokol Gymnastic Society Ulrich, Vaclav, 145n20 Union Cotton Oil Company, 128, 168n20 University of Nebraska, 61, 161n45 Urban, Emma (sister of Jake Zabloudil), 82 Urban, James (husband of Eula Nash), 42 Urban, John, 162n65 Urban, Mrs. Billy, 41 U.S. Immigration Commission, 143n26, 161n44, 165n23; agents sent to Bohemia, 12; created in 1907, 81; examining Czech farmers, 21. See also immigration Vana, Rosie, 104 Vanhooser, Gladys, 160n34 Veatch, Harmon (husband of Rose Klabzuba), 42 Vienna, Austria: capital of Austrian Empire, 6, 45; during World War I, 55; Prague, Okla., Sokol Club visits, 45, 151n28 198 Index Vlasak, Ednamae (wife of Herbert Kilgo), 95. See also Kilgo, Ednamae Vlasak, Frank (František), 3, 36, 94, 133, 157n73; chair of Bohemian Political Association, 121-22; chair of school board, 107-8; charter member of Bohemian Slavonic Benevolent Society, 47; charter member of ZCBJ, 50, 64, 124, 145n20; death of, 51, 79, 134, 144n2, 160n34; farmer and businessman, 68-69, 134, 154n23, 165n27; father of William, 41; leader of new town, 64, 70, 82, 119, 122; mother s Bible, 151n26; original land run settler, 18-19, 69, 144n3; town council seat, 124; vice-president of Lincoln County Bank, 70, 77. See also Progressives, Progressivism; Vlasak, William (son of Frank) Vlasak, Marie, 118 Vlasak, William (son of Frank), 41; buried in City Cemetery (Prague, Okla.), 160n34; member of ZCBJ, 41; owner of auto garage, 76 Vlasak Building, 134, 156n52 Vlasak’s Cash Store, 79, 154n23 Vobornik, Agnes, 102 Vobornik, Charles: opens Broadway Meat Market with C. E. Kinsey, 76, 167nl; nans for political office, 121 Vobornik, Jan, 47, 145n20 Vobornik, Rose, 167n57 Vobomik s Meat Market, 121 Vojtech, Hynes, 145n20 Volstead Act, 67 Wadlow, Robert, 71 Walenta, J. E, 156n47 Walenta, Leonard, 165n24 Walla, Edward, 62. See also American Legion Walla, Franny, 103 Walla, Jiri, 47, 145n20 Watts, Lee, 141nl Watts Saloon, 154nl0,162n65 Waukomis, Okla., 17 Weleetka, Okla., 85 Wellston, Okla., and baseball team scandal, 53 West, Texas, 80-81 Western Czech Brotherhood Association (Zapadni Cesko Bratrska Jednota; ZCBJ), 22, 46, 98 White, Paul, 105, 166n44 White, Sol, 71, 155n32 Whitmore, Benjamin F. (husband of Elizabeth): first mayor, 79; listed in pamphlet promoting town, 128; owner of cotton mill, 75, 156n47; second place in domino tournament, 101 Whitmore, Elizabeth (wife of Benjamin), 60, 156n47 Whitmore, Ellen (daughter of Benjamin and Elizabeth), 117, 166n39 Wild West show, 103. See also Still, Frank Williams, George, 96, 161n41 Williams (née Stastny), Effie, 161n41 Wilson, Carl, 86 Index ^ 199 Wilson, Woodrow: on self- determination, 58; support for allies, 59; support for creation of Czechoslovakia, 63, 122 Wisconsin, 13-16, 19, 24, 93, 98, 113; Racine, 14 Womastek, Henry, 167n57 Wood, A. R, 123, 168nl2 Woodmen of the World, 46, 124 Woods, William, 72, 155n39 World War I: Bohemian Political Association, 168nl4; changing political allegiances during, 122; and cotton production in Prague, Okla., 78, 128; and Edward Sefcik, 138; and freethought, 32; and George Sadlo, 139; and Habsburg family, 6; KKK re-emerges after, 125; and Prague, Okla., 76, 98; Prague, Okla., sends 111 men to join AEF, 62, 158n2; religious discord among Czechs during, 34, 38; and Sokols, 50, 165n24; tensions between Czechs and Germans, 60, 83, 95, 97 Wostichil, Wes, 169n31 Wostrcil, Anna, 36 Yukon, Okla.: as Czech capitar of Oklahoma, 16-17; Czech influence in, 16, 144n35; influx of Moravians, 24 Zabloudil, Jake: bom in Ord, Nebr., 82; cashier at First State Bank, 70; honorary tribal member, 82; as politician, 123; subscriber to Prague Record, 158n79 Zajic, Frank, 169n33 ZCBJ. See Western Czech Brotherhood Association (Zapadni Cesko Bratrska Jednota; ZCBJ) Zizka, Jan, 109 Index zoo
any_adam_object 1
author Smith, Philip D.
author_GND (DE-588)114899372X
author_facet Smith, Philip D.
author_role aut
author_sort Smith, Philip D.
author_variant p d s pd pds
building Verbundindex
bvnumber BV044643635
callnumber-first F - General American History
callnumber-label F704
callnumber-raw F704.P82
callnumber-search F704.P82
callnumber-sort F 3704 P82
callnumber-subject F - General American History
ctrlnum (OCoLC)1016974735
(DE-599)BVBBV044643635
dewey-full 305.8918/6076635
dewey-hundreds 300 - Social sciences
dewey-ones 305 - Groups of people
dewey-raw 305.8918/6076635
dewey-search 305.8918/6076635
dewey-sort 3305.8918 76076635
dewey-tens 300 - Social sciences
discipline Soziologie
era Geschichte 1891-1930 gnd
era_facet Geschichte 1891-1930
format Book
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Smith</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Norman</subfield><subfield code="b">University of Oklahoma Press</subfield><subfield code="c">[2017]</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="c">© 2017</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">xiii, 200 Seiten</subfield><subfield code="b">Illustrationen, 1 Karte, Portraits</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Includes bibliographical references and index</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">"&lt;BR /&gt; Around the turn of the twentieth century, thousands of Czechs left their homelands in Bohemia and Moravia and came to the United States. While many settled in major American cities, others headed to rural areas out west where they could claim their own land for farming. In From Praha to Prague, Philip D. Smith examines how the Czechs who founded and settled in Prague, Oklahoma, embraced the economic and cultural activities of their American hometown while maintaining their ethnic identity.&lt;BR /&gt;&lt;BR /&gt; According to Smith, the Czechs of Prague began as a clannish group of farmers who participated in the 1891 land run and settled in east-central Oklahoma. After the town's incorporation in 1902, settlers from other ethnic backgrounds swiftly joined the fledgling community, and soon the original Czech immigrants found themselves in the minority. By 1930, the Prague Czechs had reached a unique cultural, social, and economic duality in their community. </subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">They strove to become reliable, patriotic citizens of their adopted country...joining churches, playing sports, and supporting the Allied effort in World War II...but they also maintained their identity as Czechs through local traditions such as participating in the Bohemian Hall society, burying their dead in the town's Czech National Cemetery, and holding the annual Kolache Festival, a lively celebration that still draws visitors from around the world. </subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">As a result, Smith notes, succeeding generations of Prague Czechs have proudly considered themselves Czech Americans: firmly assimilated to mainstream American culture but holding to an equally strong sense of belonging to a singular ethnic group.&lt;BR /&gt;&lt;BR /&gt; As he analyzes the Czech experience in farm-town Oklahoma, Smith explores several intriguing questions: Was it easier or more difficult for Czechs living in a rural town to sustain their ethnic identity and culture than for Czechs living in large urban areas such as Chicago? How did the tactics used by Prague Czechs to preserve their group identity differ from those used in rural areas where immigrant populations were the majority? 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geographic Oklahoma (DE-588)4102053-4 gnd
geographic_facet Oklahoma
id DE-604.BV044643635
illustrated Illustrated
indexdate 2024-12-24T06:14:14Z
institution BVB
isbn 9780806157467
language English
lccn 017001127
oai_aleph_id oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-030041532
oclc_num 1016974735
open_access_boolean
owner DE-12
owner_facet DE-12
physical xiii, 200 Seiten Illustrationen, 1 Karte, Portraits
publishDate 2017
publishDateSearch 2017
publishDateSort 2017
publisher University of Oklahoma Press
record_format marc
spellingShingle Smith, Philip D.
From Praha to Prague Czechs in an Oklahoma farm town
HISTORY / United States / General / bisacsh
HISTORY / Europe / General / bisacsh
HISTORY / United States / State & Local / Southwest (AZ, NM, OK, TX) / bisacsh
SOCIAL SCIENCE / Minority Studies / bisacsh
SOCIAL SCIENCE / Customs & Traditions / bisacsh
Czech Americans Oklahoma Prague History
HISTORY / United States / General
HISTORY / Europe / General
HISTORY / United States / State & Local / Southwest (AZ, NM, OK, TX)
SOCIAL SCIENCE / Minority Studies
SOCIAL SCIENCE / Customs & Traditions
Tschechen (DE-588)4061083-4 gnd
subject_GND (DE-588)4061083-4
(DE-588)4102053-4
title From Praha to Prague Czechs in an Oklahoma farm town
title_auth From Praha to Prague Czechs in an Oklahoma farm town
title_exact_search From Praha to Prague Czechs in an Oklahoma farm town
title_full From Praha to Prague Czechs in an Oklahoma farm town Philip D. Smith
title_fullStr From Praha to Prague Czechs in an Oklahoma farm town Philip D. Smith
title_full_unstemmed From Praha to Prague Czechs in an Oklahoma farm town Philip D. Smith
title_short From Praha to Prague
title_sort from praha to prague czechs in an oklahoma farm town
title_sub Czechs in an Oklahoma farm town
topic HISTORY / United States / General / bisacsh
HISTORY / Europe / General / bisacsh
HISTORY / United States / State & Local / Southwest (AZ, NM, OK, TX) / bisacsh
SOCIAL SCIENCE / Minority Studies / bisacsh
SOCIAL SCIENCE / Customs & Traditions / bisacsh
Czech Americans Oklahoma Prague History
HISTORY / United States / General
HISTORY / Europe / General
HISTORY / United States / State & Local / Southwest (AZ, NM, OK, TX)
SOCIAL SCIENCE / Minority Studies
SOCIAL SCIENCE / Customs & Traditions
Tschechen (DE-588)4061083-4 gnd
topic_facet HISTORY / United States / General / bisacsh
HISTORY / Europe / General / bisacsh
HISTORY / United States / State & Local / Southwest (AZ, NM, OK, TX) / bisacsh
SOCIAL SCIENCE / Minority Studies / bisacsh
SOCIAL SCIENCE / Customs & Traditions / bisacsh
Czech Americans Oklahoma Prague History
HISTORY / United States / General
HISTORY / Europe / General
HISTORY / United States / State & Local / Southwest (AZ, NM, OK, TX)
SOCIAL SCIENCE / Minority Studies
SOCIAL SCIENCE / Customs & Traditions
Tschechen
Oklahoma
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