Introduction to flight testing

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Hauptverfasser: Li, Tianshu (VerfasserIn), Gregory, James W. (VerfasserIn)
Format: Buch
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: Hoboken Wiley 2021
Schriftenreihe:Aerospace Series
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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text Contents About the Authors xiii Series Preface xv Preface xvii Acknowledgements xxi About the Companion Website xxiii Introduction 1 Case Study: Supersonic Flight in the Bell XS-1 3 Types of Flight Testing 9 Scientific Research 9 Experimental Flight Test 12 Developmental Test and Evaluation 14 Operational Test and Evaluation 14 Airworthiness Certification 15 Objectives and Organization of this Book 17 Nomenclature 18 Acronyms and Abbreviations 19 References 19 The Flight Environment: Standard Atmosphere 22 Earth’s Atmosphere 23 Standard Atmosphere Model 24 Hydrostatics 24 Gravitational Acceleration and Altitude Definitions 25 Temperature 26 Viscosity 27 Pressure and Density 28 Operationalizing the Standard Atmosphere 29 Comparison with Experimental Data 30 Altitudes Used in Aviation 32 Nomenclature 34 Subscripts 34 Acronyms and Abbreviations 35 References 35 vii viü Contents Aircraft and Flight Test Instrumentation 36 Traditional Cockpit Instruments 36 Gyroscopic-Based Instruments 38 Pressure-Based Instruments 38 Outside Air Temperature 41 Other Instrumentation 42 Glass Cockpit Instruments 42 Flight Test Instrumentation 45 Global Navigation Satellite System 46 Accelerometers 49 Gyroscopes 49 Magnetometers 50 Barometer 51 Fusion of Sensor Data Streams 51 Summary 52 Nomenclature 54 Subscripts 54 Acronyms and Abbreviations 54 References 55 Data Acquisition and Analysis 56 Temporal and Spectral Analysis 56 Filtering 61 Digital Sampling: Bit Depth Resolution and Sample Rate 63 Aliasing 66 Flight Testing Example 69 Summary 69 Nomenclature 70 Subscripts 70 Acronyms and Abbreviations 70 References 71 Uncertainty Analysis 72 Error Theory 73 TypesofErrors 73 Statistics of Random Error 76 Sensitivity Analysis and Uncertainty Propagation 77 Overall Uncertainty Estimate 79 Chauvenet’s Criterion for Outliers 79 Monte Carlo Simulation 80 Basic Error Sources in Flight Testing 81 Uncertainty of Flight Test Instrumentation 81 Example: Uncertainty in Density (Traditional Approach) 85 Example: Uncertainty in True Airspeed (Monte Carlo Approach) 86 Nomenclature 88 Subscripts 89 Acronyms and Abbreviations 89 References 89 6 1 Flight Test Planning 90 Flight Test Process 90 Risk Management 93 Case Study: Accept No Unnecessary Risk 96 Individual Flight Planning 97 Flight Area and Airspace 98 Weather and NOTAMs 99 Weight and Balance 100 Airplane Pre-Flight 103 Conclusion 105 Nomenclature 105 Acronyms and Abbreviations 105 References 105 Drag Polar Measurement in Level Flight 107 Theory 107 Drag Polar and Power Required for Level Flight 107 The PIW-VIW Method 112 Internal Combustion Engine Performance 114 Propeller Performance 119 Flight Testing Procedures 124 Flight Test Example: Cirrus SR20 125 Nomenclature 127 Acronyms and Abbreviations 129 References 129 Airspeed Calibration 132 Theory 132 True Airspeed 134 Equivalent Airspeed 134 Calibrated Airspeed 135 Indicated Airspeed 137 Summary 137 Measurement Errors 138 Instrument Error 138 System Lag 138 Position Error 139 Airspeed Calibration Methods 142 Boom-Mounted Probes 143 Trailing Devices and Pacer Aircraft 143 Ground-Based Methods 145 Global Positioning System Method 145 Flight Testing Procedures 147 Flight Test Example: CirrusSR20 148 Nomenclature 150 Subscripts 151 Acronyms and Abbreviations 151 References 151 Contents | ix x} Contents Climb Performance and Level Acceleration to Measure Excess Power 153 Theory 153 Steady Climbs 154 Energy Methods 160 Flight Testing Procedures 165 Direct Measurement of Rate of Climb 165 Measurement of Level Acceleration 166 Data Analysis 167 Flight Test Example: CirrusSR20 168 Nomenclature 172 Subscripts 173 Acronyms and Abbreviations 173 References 174 Glide Speed and Distance 175 Theory 176 Drag Polar 176 Gliding Flight 179 Glide Hodograph 180 Best Glide Condition 181 Flight Testing Procedures 183 Data Analysis 185 Flight Test Example: Cirrus SR20 186 Nomenclature 188 Subscripts 188 Acronyms and Abbreviations 189 References 189 Takeoff and Landing 190 Theory 190 Takeoff Ground Roll 191 Landing Ground Roll 193 Rotation Distance 194 Transition Distance 194 Climb Distance 195 Total Takeoff and Landing Distances 195 Simple Estimations 195 Measurement Methods 196 Flight Testing Procedures 197 Standard Flight Procedures 197 Flight Test Procedures 199 Data Acquisition 200 Data Analysis 200 Flight Test Example: Cessna R182 201 Nomenclature 202 Subscripts 203 Acronyms and Abbreviations 204 References 204 12 StallSpeed 205 Theory 206 Viscous Boundary Layers 207 Flow Separation 208 Two-Dimensional Stall Characteristics 209 Three-Dimensional Stall Characteristics 211 Stall Control 211 Stall Prediction 213 Flight Testing Procedures 214 Flight Characteristics 214 Data Acquisition 216 Data Analysis 217 Flight Test Example: Cirrus SR20 219 Nomenclature 221 Subscripts 222 Acronyms and Abbreviations 222 References 222 Turning Flight 224 Theory 224 Flight Testing Procedures 232 Airworthiness Certification 232 Educational Flight Testing 233 Piloting 233 Instrumentation and Data Recording 234 Flight Test Example: Diamond DA40 235 Nomenclature 236 Subscripts 237 Acronyms and Abbreviations 237 References 237 Longitudinal Stability 238 Static Longitudinal Stability 238 Theory 238 Trim Condition 242 Flight Testing Procedures 244 Flight Test Example: CirrusSR20 245 Dynamic Longitudinal Stability 246 Theory 246 Flight Testing Procedures 254 Flight Test Example: CirrusSR20 255 Nomenclature 257 Subscripts 259 Acronyms and Abbreviations 259 References 259 Lateral-Directional Stability 261 Static Lateral-Directional Stability 261 Theory 261 Contents | xi xii Contents Directional Stability 264 Lateral Stability 265 Flight Testing Procedures 266 Flight Testing Example: Cirrus SR20 267 Dynamic Lateral-Directional Stability 269 Theory 269 Flight Testing Procedures 272 Flight Test Example: Cirrus SR20 272 Nomenclature 274 Acronyms and Abbreviations 275 References 275 UAV Flight Testing 277 Overview of Unmanned Aircraft 277 UAV Design Principles and Features 279 Types of Airframes 280 UAV System Architecture 281 Electric Propulsion 285 Command and Control (C2) Link 286 Autonomy 287 Flight Regulations 288 Flight Testing Principles 288 Air Data Instrumentation 289 UAV Flight Test Planning 290 Piloting for UAV Flight Testing 290 Flight Testing Examples with the Peregrine UAS 291 Overview of the Peregrine UAS 291 Propulsion System Characterization 293 Specific Excess Power: Level Acceleration and Rate of Climb 294 Glide Flight Tests 296 Flight Testing Examples with the Avanti UAS 299 Overview of the Avanti UAS 299 Coast-Down Testing for the Drag Polar 301 Radio Range Testing 303 Assessment of Autonomous System Performance 305 Conclusion 305 Nomenclature 307 Acronyms and Abbreviations 307 References 308 Appendix A Standard Atmosphere Tables 310 Appendix B Useful Constants and Unit Conversion Factors 313 Reference 317 Appendix C Stability and Control Derivatives for a Notional GA Aircraft 318 Reference 319 Index 321
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series2 Aerospace Series
spellingShingle Li, Tianshu
Gregory, James W.
Introduction to flight testing
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subject_GND (DE-588)4352769-3
title Introduction to flight testing
title_auth Introduction to flight testing
title_exact_search Introduction to flight testing
title_full Introduction to flight testing James W. Gregory , Tianshu Liu
title_fullStr Introduction to flight testing James W. Gregory , Tianshu Liu
title_full_unstemmed Introduction to flight testing James W. Gregory , Tianshu Liu
title_short Introduction to flight testing
title_sort introduction to flight testing
topic Flugerprobung (DE-588)4352769-3 gnd
topic_facet Flugerprobung
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