Iš Agaro Krašto 1885-1941
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Lithuanian |
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Kaunas
Candela
2009
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Iš Agaro Krašto |b 1885-1941 |c autorius ir sudarytojas prof. Martynas Yčas |
| 264 | 1 | |a Kaunas |b Candela |c 2009 | |
| 300 | |a 527 Seiten |b Illustrationen, Porträts |c 22 cm | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a "Knyga išleista Jono ir Martyno Yčų knygų fondo lėšomis." | ||
| 505 | 8 | |a Englische und russische Zusammenfassung | |
| 600 | 1 | 4 | |a Yčas, Martynas / 1885-1941 |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Lawyers / Lithuania / Biography | |
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| 650 | 7 | |a Politicians |2 fast | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Politik | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Wirtschaft | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Wirtschaft. Geschichte | |
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| 651 | 4 | |a Lithuania / Economic conditions / 1918-1945 | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1820668432434069504 |
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ENGLISH SUMMARY
This is a biography of Martynas Ycas(l885-1941). A nationalist Lithuanian
politician, he was active in the formation of an independent Lithuanian state, also a
prolific writer and personally well acquainted with almost all prominent Lithuanians,
his memoirs are a prime source of information for the period 1911-1922. Here we
have also included other material to illustrate aspects of life of his time.
The Yeas family were originally serfs near the northern Lithuanian town of Birzai,
but were liberated in 1861 when serfdom was abolished, and then acquired some
property, including a modest amount of land, several houses and a windmill in Birzai.
At this time the Russians imposed harsh penalties for the possession or distribution
of Lithuanian material written in the traditional Latin alphabet, in a futile attempt to
replace it with the Cyrillic. MY's father spent some time in prison for violating this
restriction, and on his release emigrated to the US, abandoning his family and failing
to send support for a number of years; he died as a gold miner in Lead South Dakota
in 1913.
The family became impoverished. However, unlike most Lithuanians who
were Roman catholics, the Yeas were Calvinists of the united Lithuanian Reformed
Church, which had a long tradition favoring education. MY's uncle and older brother
graduated from university level institutions in Saint Petersburg, and MY managed
to attended a gymnasium in Pernau, and in 1911 graduated with a law degree from
the University of Tomsk in Siberia, with a gold medal for his thesis. He was offered
a scholarship to study abroad in preparation for an academic position, but turned
it down to practice law in Kovno, now Kaunas. Already he had shown leadership
abilities and after practicing law for a year he stood for a seat in the 4th state Duma,
the imperial legislative body.
The Duma was not regarded with favor by the Tsar or the imperial government,
and all kinds of regulations were in effect to reduce the number of liberal and opposition
deputies elected. Pre-election campaigning was discouraged, candidates were often
disqualified for trivialities and the number of deputies from each „government" (i.e.
province) was arbitrarily determined. The electors were grouped into curia, according
to wealth, social standing, or ethnic groups, within which the electors voted. Hence
these were not a one man - one vote elections.
MY campaigned by organizing a music group of which he was the impresario,
and managed to obtain the governor's permission to tour the Kovno government;
while his group performed music he campaigned. MY gives an interesting insiders
view of the course of such elections. After a hard fight with leftists he was elected as
a „peasant" with the help of the Jewish block. In the Duma he joined the Kadets, or
constitutional democrats, a party which favored a monarchy of the English type, and
whose leader was Paul Miliukov, a man of great erudition.
In the Duma, while voting with the liberals, MY interested himself particularly
in the problems of emigrants. In the western governments, especially Lithuania and
Poland, streams of people were emigrating, mostly to the United States. This created
labor shortages, and since most emigrants were men, in some places only women
and old men remained. Lithuania was losing about 17,000 people a year. This caused
concern, but MY was also much concerned with the treatment of the emigrants.
The Russian government only issued passports to travel abroad through a
cumbersome and expensive procedure, so emigrants without passports were as if
stateless persons, exploited and abused by the German shipping lines. MY eventually
succeeded on the issues of passports for emigrants.
In 1913 MY and a friend made a „reconnaissance" trip to France and England,
and found the French but not the British extremely concerned about a possible war
with Germany. In the same year MY visited the U.S. to raise money for some cultural
institutions in Vilnius and was successful.
4
But these were mainly skirmishes in his career. After the outbreak of the great war
of 1914-1918 the major achievements of MY were two: firstly help war refugees and
secondly political work to organize an independent Lithuanian state.
Before 1914 all countries were developing and increasing armaments. In Russia
Igor Sikorsky was building the first multi-engine airplane. Needing money and
to demonstrate his abilities he offered aerial excursions to Duma members. MY
spent nearly an hour flying around St. Petersburg, which caused alarm to his
political supporters in Vilnius. Initially MY had great admiration for this triumph
of technology, but later changed his mind after observing what bombing did to the
women and children of Galicia. But being then young and reckless, he could not
resist the temptation of flying in war time over the Carpations with a commander of
a Russian reconnaissance unit.
In the fall of 1914 the war came. MY immediately expressed his loyalty to the
Empire, and continued to hold a generally pro-Russian attitude until Russia collapsed
in 1917. East Prussia was then inhabited in part by Lithuanians, and he favored its
annexation to Russia to form an autonomous Lithuanian state. Since he advocated an
expansion of the Russian empire, he was not accused of disloyalty to Russia.
After the beginning of hostilities MY visited the front, mostly around East Prussia.
The Duma was then very popular and as a Duma deputy he was welcomed almost
with open arms by the military, who sometimes provided him with a railroad car or
even an automobile, rare in those days. For awhile he also commanded a medical unit
sent by the Duma to support the troops in Galicia.
To escape the fighting many inhabitants of the western Russian frontier regions
fled east, often in disorderly fashion. To alleviate their suffering ethnically oriented
committees, Lithuanian, Jewish, Polish were being formed. MY was very active here,
and soon became the head of an umbrella committee of the Lithuanian-oriented units.
The funds came from the Zemstvos or groups of municipalities, the government
treasury, and especially the „Princess Tatyana Committee" of which MY became a
member and later vice-president. Under his guidance the Lithuanian units expanded
to include, in addition to food and housing, schools, medical facilities, workshops,
and a newspaper. The total effort helped 200,000 refugees with an expenditure of
more them 20 million roubles, then a large sum and inevitably, such an organization
began to have a political aspect; MY was soon regarded as the leading Lithuanian
politician in Russia.
The Germans gradually occupied most of Lithuania, and the committee split into
two. One part, headed by A. Smetona, later president of the Republic of Lithuania,
remained in Vilnius, the other, headed by MY stayed in Russia. The Germans
occupation caused extreme distress and near famine in Lithuania, primarily because
the Germans extensively requisitioned food supplies for their own use, and because
of their generally abusive practices.
Having established a sufficient level of aid to the refugees in Russia, MY was
concerned about those remaining in Lithuania. He visited neutral Sweden, where with
the help of the mayor of Stockholm, C. Lindhagen, an organization to aid civilians and
prisoners of war was established.
MY's activities continued to become more political. The English, French and
Italian governments invited the Duma to send a delegation to visit their countries,
and MY, now an established politician, was elected to the delegation, which crossed
the North Sea in a British cruiser; MY reports on the corruption of Russian officials
charged with receipt of British weapons. He spent considerable time consulting with
various Lithuanians, especially in Switzerland. Information on much of this activity
was buried in secret archives, but has now been revealed by professor Erich Senn, in
his book „The Russian Revolution in Switzerland 1914-1917" (Madison, Wisconsin :
Un. of Wisconsin Press, 1971).
5
In Rome MY attempted to get an audience with Pope Benedict XV to request that
he proclaim a day for the collection in churches of contributions toward the relief of
Lithuanian refugees. He found that pro-Polish elements in the Vatican were blocking
his efforts to obtain even an audience, but with the help of the Russian embassy he
finally succeed and after a considerable delay the collection took place. Most of the
funds were raised in Germany.
After returning to Russia in 1916, MY left for the U.S. via the Pacific route, mainly
to encourage Lithuanians in the US to work for full independence for Lithuania,
not merely autonomy. The trip was of interest because the Russian foreign office
tacitly supported it; they sent telegrams to their embassies in Tokyo and Washington
requesting them to aid MY when necessary, and apparently also authorized MY to
reveal publicly that the Western allies agreed that Constantinople would be ceded
to Russia. MY stated this to journalists in San Francisco. (On Constantinople the
agreement had been secretly made in 1915).
In the U.S. Lithuanians, with the help of president Wilson and the American Red
Cross organized a nationwide „Lithuania day" collection for refugees, similar to the
Armenians and others. MY supported it with appearances and speeches, but was
not a major figure here, but he did much politically. Towards the end of his visit he
married Hypatia Julia Szlupas the daughter of Dr. Jonas Szlupas, a very prominent
Lithuanian nationalist then living in the United States.
The newly married couple then returned to St. Petersburg via London and
Stockholm. Shortly thereafter, the Tsar was forced to abdicate and the Duma was in
turmoil. MY according to Paul Miliukov, played a prominent part in organizing Duma
committees and helped it for its new functions. Perhaps as a „reward", MY was offered
the position of vice-minister (Tovarishch minister) of education in the provisional
government. But because this would have required that he resign his Duma position
he declined and was given essentially the same position under a different name: vice-
komisar of education. One has the impression that MY was in a position to rise higher
in Russian government circles, but deliberately chose to confine himself to Lithuanian
matters.
The provisional government now formed was mainly Kadet, but included the
leftist Kerensky, and the left influence steadily increased. The Kadets were forced
out in July of 1917. MY organized a congress of Lithuanians in Russia to demand
independence but about half the participants preferred to hope for autonomy in a
liberal but very leftist Russia. The „Patriots" including MY then formed a „Taryba"
(council), almost a government in exile, located in Voronezh, where many Lithuanian
institutions were situated. However, the Bolsheviks acted swiftly The „Taryba"
members including MY and some others were imprisoned for a month, and only
released after a payment of a bribe of 13,000 roubles in gold to a Bolshevik official.
Upon release MY violated his parole and escaped via rail to German occupied Vilnius,
where he immersed himself in work to form an independent Lithuanian state.
A pseudo independent Lithuanian state was already contemplated by the
Germans, as part of a plan to annex the western parts of Russia. Lithuania would
become a monarchy, its king the son of the king of Prussia, and would be bound by
custom, military and other treaties to Germany But this met with opposition from the
other German states who did not wish to see Prussia increase in influence, and on the
advice of opposition members of the German parliament the Lithuanians countered
the Prussian project by selecting the rather obscure count of Württemberg von Urach
as their king, to the consternation of the Prussians. MY, now a member of the „Taryba"
in Vilnius, played an important role here.
The German government recognized Lithuania as an independent state in March
24th, 1918, but a Lithuanian government (cabinet) was not formed until November 11th,
1918, the day the war ended. MY was minister of finance in the first three cabinets, and
worked to provide the financial resources to make the functions of the government
possible, especially for the armed forces, as both the Bolsheviks and the Poles were
6
threatening the very existence of the state. MY succeeded in getting, first, a loan of a
hundred million Marks from the Germans, and later 200,000 pounds sterling from
British sources. From the German loan he was able to loan 3 million Marks to the
Latvians, who used this money to organize resistance to the Bolsheviks and form a
Latvian state.
In 1919 MY, as a member of a delegation to the Paris peace conference (which was
not officially recognized by the allies), he helped to obtain a loan of 5 million dollars
from the U.S. in the form of various goods from U.S. army surpluses.
But politically the Paris delegation was not successful. The U.S. President Wilson
was opposed to any partition of Russia and the Poles tried to annex Lithuania, which
had been in personal union with Poland until 1792. Hence they opposed Lithuanian
independence wherever they could, and in this they were supported by France,
though not by England.
All his life MY was an active supporter of his „evangelical reformed" church.
While not theologically pious, he believed in an inscrutable power in the universe,
and valued religion as a supporter of stability in society. He helped to found a
protestant theological faculty at the University in Kaunas (later abolished due to
Catholic influence).
As an independent Lithuanian state was being formed MY was at the height of
his reputation as a politician, much esteemed by the nationalist faction, but fervently
hated by the anticlerical left, which shortly became the Bolshevik faction in Lithuania.
The hatred was in part personal, but also because MY was so effective in permitting
clerical influence among Lithuanian youth, as an antidote to Bolshevism.
Then in about 1919 MY seemed to lose interest in political activity and became
active in private business, apparently because Lithuania was financially weak and no
doubt he desired to be wealthy. He often spoke of the American Carnegie as a model,
who became wealthy and used some of his wealth to promote worthy causes. MY,
when his enterprises were initially successful, published books and supported young
artists and writers.
But most of his enterprises eventually failed. For one, he was an incorrigible
optimist who always expected the best case scenario and he had no business experience.
Furthermore Lithuania itself had almost no experienced business personnel. The
currency then circulating in Lithuania was the German Mark, which then fluctuated
violently in value, which did not help business.
To raise capital MY and associates formed a bank, at that time the only one in
Lithuania. But as failures mounted they tried to save the situation by increasingly risky
and sometimes illegal means. In 1927 the bank was legally declared bankrupt and MY
and some associates were charged with carelessness and several other violations of
banking law. After a long delay in 1936 he was tried and found guilty, and assessed
large damages to creditors, but escaped further punishment through the statute of
limitations. This put an end to most of his political and business activities.
In 1939-1940 he left very interesting memoirs about political and social situations
in Lithuania just prior to the Soviet occupation, and after the occupation managed to
escape to Germany. He reached Brazil in 1941 and died in Rio De Janeiro on April 5,
1941, of a heart attack.
7
PE3IOME
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8
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MM yAa^iocB peiiiMTb Bonpoc BbiAaHM nacnopTOB aaa 3MMrpaHTOB.
B 1913 r. MM c KoaaeroM CAeaaa „pa3Be4 iBaTeabHyio" noe3AKy bo OpaHijMio n
Ariranio, h ohm oÖHapy^cM^iM, HTO He BpMTbi, a OpaHuy3bi Hpe3BbinaMHO o6ecnoKoeHbi
bo3mo khom bomhom c TepMaHMeM. B tom y e roAy MM coBepniMa ycneniHyio noe3A-
Ky b CHIA aax cöopa cpeACTB HeKOTOpbiM Ky^ibTypHbiM ynpeyKAeimxM b Bnabmoce.
Oahsko 3TO 6bmm aMuib BTOpocTeneHHbie 3iim30ai i ero Kapbepbi. riocae nana-aa
BeaMKOM BOMHbi 1914-1918 r. r. raaBHbiMM Aocra^KeHMiiMM MM öbiaM Aßa: BO-nep-
Bbix, noMomb 6e^ceHu;aM bomhh m, BO-BTopbix, noaMTMHecKan paöoTa no opraHU3a-
ijmm He3aBMCMMoro ZlMTOBCKoro rocyAapCTBa.
/Jo 1914 r. see crpaHbi pa3BMBaaHCb m BOOpyyKaAuch. B Poccmm Mropb CMKopc-
kmm nocrpoMa nepBbiii MHoroABMraTeyibHbiM caMO/ieT. McnbiTbiBaa ny^CAV b A^Hbrax
m eAax npoAeMOHCTpMpOBaTb ero bo3m02Khoctm, oh upeAAoyKUA B03AyniHyio
SKCKypcMio AAR HAeHOB ,4yMbi. MM ripoßea no™ nac b noaeTe HaA oxpecTHOcraMM
CaHKT-IleTepoypra, hto Aa»ce Bbi3Baao Tpeßory ero noaMTMHecKMX ctopohhmkob b
BnabHioce. CHanaaa MM ripo^BMa orpOMHoe BOcxMiijeHMe 3tom noóeAOM TexHoao-
mm, ho noTOM CBoe mhchh6 M3M6hma KorAa npmiiaocb iiaoaioaaTb, KaK ot öomöok-
km nocrpaAaaM AceHiiiMHbi m a^tm m3 ra/iMHMM. ÜAHaKO, oyAyHM TorAa mo^oahm m
óecneHHbiM, oh He Mor ycTOHTb nepeA MCKymeHMeM notera b BoeHHoe BpeMH HaA
KapnaTaMM c KOMaHAyroiijMM poccmmckmm pa3BeAbißaTeabHbiM noApa34eaeHMeM.
OceHbK) 1914 roAa Hacraaa BoiiHa. MM He3aMe aaMTeabHO Bbipa3Ma cboio
ao*abHocrb K MMnepMM m npOAOa *caa 3aHMMaTb b ijeaoM npopoccMMCKyio no3Mu¡Mio
Ao Tex rrop, noKa Poccmm pyxHyaa b 1917 roAy. TorAa BocroHHa» ITpyccMn Öbiaa
OTHacTM 3aceaeHa aMTOBnaMM, m oh öaaronpMHTCTBOBaa ee npMcoeAMHeHMio k
Poccmm c ueabio o6pa30BaHMH aBTOHOMHoro AMTOBCKoro rocyAapCTBa. MocKoabKy oh
Bbicrynaa 3a pacmMpeHMe Poccmmckom MMnepMM, ero He oöbmhmam b neAORAhHOc-
TM k Poccmm.
Ilocae Hanaaa óoeBbix achctbiim MM noceTMa c^poHT, raaBHbiM o6pa30M
b Boctohhom npyccMM. 4yMa TorAa öbiaa oneHb nonyajipHOM, m KaK AenyraTa
,4yMbi BoeHHbie npMHMMaaM ero noHTM c pacnpocTepTbiMM o6taitm3imm, MHorAa
npeAOCTaBafl* eMy :*ceae3HOAOpo KHbiM BaroH hau 4a)Ke peAKMM b Te ahm asTOMo-
ÖMab. HeKOTOpoe BpeMü oh KOMaHAOBaa MeAHiiiMHCKMM noApa34eaeHMeM, Ha-
npaßaeHHMM TocyAapCTBeHHOM ,4yMOM aax noAAep;*cKM bomck b taAwuym.
Cnacaxcb ot öoeßbix acmctbmm, MHome yKwreAu 3anaAHbix norpaHM^Hbix
poccMMCKMx peraoHOB 6e *caaH Ha boctok, sanacayio öecnopHAOHHO. Mtoöh 06-
aeiHMTb MX crpaAaHMH, öbian c^opMMpoBaHbi sthmhcckm opMeHTMpoBaHHbie
KOMMTeTbi: aMTOBCKMM, eBpeMCKMM, noabCKMM. B 3TOM Aeae MM npoHBMa öoabinyio
aKTMBHOCTb M BCKOpe OH CYAA TaaBOM KOMMTeTa, pyKOBOAAmerO BCeMM aMTOBCKMMM
ero noApa3AeaeHM^MM. CpeACTBa nocrynaaM ot 3cmctb naM rpynn caMoynpaBae-
HMM, TocyAapCTBeHHOM Ka3HbI M B OCOÖeHHOCTM OT „KOMMTera KHH^CHbl TaTbflHbl",
naeHOM, a 3aTeM m BMne-npe3MAeHTOM, KOTOporo craa MM. üoa ero pyKOBOACTBOM
aexTeabHOcib aMTOBCKoro noapaaaeaeHMiî 6biao pacuiMpena m, AonoaHMTeabHo k
ooecneneHMio npoAyKTaMM nMTaHMü m ^cMabeM, BKaionaaa uiKoabi, MeAHi^MHCKMe
ynpe^cAeHMÄ, MacrepcKMe m ra3eTW. 06hi;mmm ycMaMüMM noMoinb noaynMaM
200.000 6e KeHu¡eB, Ha 3to Mcnoab30BaHO 6oaee neM 20 m naa m oh o b pyöaeü, b to
BpeMH KpynHan cyMMa, m Taxax opraHM3anM^ HeM3Öe KHo Hanaaa npMOÖpeTaTb
noaMTMqecKMM acneKT; MM BCKOpe craaM BocnpMHMMaTb b KanecTBe BeAyuiero
aMTOBCKoro noaMTMKa b Poccmm.
HeMMbi nocreneHHo OKKymipoBaAH öÖAhuiyio nacrb Amtbbi, m Kommtct 6bia
pa3AeaeH Ha ABe nacTM. OAHa nacTb, B03raaBaneMa3i A. Cmctohom, öyAymMM
npe3MAeHTOM Amtobckom PecnyöaMKM, ocTaaacb b BnabHioce; Apyraa, noA py-
KOBOACTBOM MM - b Poccmm. HeMerçxa^ OKKynaiTHH b AMTBe Bbi3Baaa KpaMHe
9
6e4CTBeHHoe ncMOKeHne n nonTH roAOA, b nepByio onepeAb noTOMy, hto HeMUbi
uiMpOKO peKBM3MpoBa^iM npoAyKTbi nMTaHMH aan co6cTBeHHbix Hyac4, a Taioxe n3-3a
HaAMmiR nx 06w,nx 3AoynoTpe6AeHnn.
YCTaHOBHB yAOBAeTBOpMTe^bHyiO nOMOUJb AHTOBCKHM 6e5KeHUaM B Poccnn,
MM 6bi4 odecnoKoeH noyio^ceHMeM ocraBinnxoi b ylMTBe. Oh noceraA HenTpaAb-
Hyio IIlBeijHio, rAe, npn coAencTBnn M3pa CroicroAbMa K. /InHArareHa, 6biAa co34aHa
opraHH3aunfl no 0Ka3aHiiio noMomw rpa; KAaHCKHM AnijaM n BoeHHonAeHHbiM.
/^e^Te^ibHOCTb MM Bee Oonee npnHHMaAa noAHTHnecKnn xapaKTep.
AHrAnncicoe, (J)paHuy3CKoe n HTaAbHHCKoe npaBHTeAbCTBa npeAAo: KHAH ,4yMe
co34aTb AeAeraunio n noceTMTb nx crpaHbi, n MM, b to BpeMB y xe H3BecTHbin
noAHTnx, 6ha M36paH hachom 4e4eraunn, KOTOpa* nepeceicaa CesepHoe Mope Ha
SpMTaHCKOM Kpeiicepe; MM coo6maeT o Koppynqnn poccnncKnx aoa^hocthbix ahij
npn noAyueHnn 6pnTaHCKoro opy Kna. Oh npoBen mhoto BpeMeHn b KOHCyAbTaunflx
c pa3HbiMH AHTOBuaMH, oco6eHHO b niBeni^apnn. MH(] opMaijHfl o 6o4binen nacrn
3Ton 4e«Te4bHOCTn 6biAa 3axopoHeHa b TanHbix apxnBax, ho cannac pacKpbiTa
npo4 eccopoM OpnxoM CeHHOM b ero KHnre „PyccKaB peBOAiouns: b IHBenijapMn
1914-1917". [Senn A. E. The Russian Revolution in Switzerland 1914-1917. - Madison,
Wisconsin : Un. of Wisconsin Press, 1971.]
B PnMe MM nbiTaacn noAynnTb ayAneHnnio y Ilanbi BeHeAMKTa XV c neabio
npoCMTb, ^toObi b Kocrenax oma odt^bach 4eHb c6opa Aene^Hbix no^cepTBOBaHnn
b noMomb ahtobckhm 6e KeHnaM. MM odHapy^cnA, hto ero ycnAHH, HanpaBAeHHbie
Ha noAyueHne ayAneHunn, 6bian 6noKnpoBaHbi npono4bCKHMn 3AeMeHTaMH b
BaTMKaHe, ho, npn noAAep^cxe Poccnncxoro nocoAbCTBa, oh HaKOHeu ao6macb
ycnexa n, xotb co 3HannTeAbHon 3aAep KKon, c6op coctobach. BoAbinnHCTBO cpeACTB
Bbino noayqeHO b TepMaHnn.
BepHyBinncb b Poccnio b 1916 rOAy, MM oTnpaBHACB b CHIA nepe3 Thxhh oxean
b ochobhom aah noompeHna ahtobucb CUIA AencTBOBaTb c ueabio ycraHOBAeHHB
noAHon He3aBMcnMocm MnTBbi, a He TOAbKo ee aBTOHOMnn. B 3toh noe3AKe 6biAH
3anHTepecoBaHbi, Tax xax MnHHcrepcTBO HHOCTpaHHbix 4ea Poccmi moahcZambo ero
no44ep^cano; b cbom nocoabCTBa b Tokho n BamnHrroHe oho HanpaBHAo TeaerpaM-
Mbi c npocb6on npn HeoSxoAMMocm oxa3aTb noMoiub MM, n, oneBHAHO, Tax^ce
caHKiinoHnposa/io MM nydAHHHO pacxpbiTb, nTO 3anaAHbie cojo3Hmkh cornacHbi c
nepe4auen KoHcraHTnHonoAB Poccnn. 06 3tom MM 3aaBHA KypHaAncraM b CaH-
OpaHuncKO. (TanHoe cornaineHne o KoHcraHTHHonoAe 6mao cocraB4eHo b 1915
r04y).
npn coAencTBnn npe3HAeHTa Bn4bC0Ha n AMepnxaHCKoro KpacHoro Kpecra
AnTOBUbi b ClIIA 0praHn30BaAM oGmeHaunoHaAbHbin ,,AeHh Mmtbm" c6opa cpeACTB
6e KeHuaM, xax sto AeAann apMHHe n 4pyme. MM no44ep^caa c6op cbohm ynacmeM
b HeM n BbicrynAeHHJiMH; oh He 6wa raaBHon (|)Hiypon, ho 0Ka3aa Sonbinoe
noAHTn^ecKoe coAehcTBne. K KOHuy CBoero Bn3nTa oh ^ceHWAea Ha rnnamn IOahm
IIlAionac, 4onepn 40KTopa MoHaca IILuonaca, H3Becmoro AnTOBcxoro HaanoHa-
Ancra, npo^cnBaioiuero TorAa b CoeAnHeHHbix IIlTaTax.
MoAOAO^xeHbi 3aTeM BepHyAncb b CaHKT-neTep6ypr qepe3 Aohaoh n Ctok-
roAbM. BcKope napb 6ma BbiHy^ga,eH OTpeHbCH ot npecroAa n b 4yMe noAHflAOi
nepenoAOx. CorAacHO naBAy MnAioxoBy, MM nrpaA 3HaqnTeAbHyio poAb npn
opraHM3annn komutctob Ay™™ M noMoraA en b hobbix (J yHKun^x. Bo3mo xho,
b BHAe ,,B03Harpa^AeHn^" MM 6biAa npeAAO^ceHa AOAiKHOCTb Bnne-MnHncrpa
(TOBapnma MUHncrpa) o6pa30BaHnn bo BpeMeHHOM npaBHTeAbCTBe. nocKOAbxy aa*
3Toro noTpeooBaAacb 6bi ero OTcraBKa m3 AyMhb MM 0TKa3aACB n eMy upeAAo^aiAH
b ochobhom Te ^ce o6^3aHHocrn Amjib uoa ApymM Ha3BaHneM: Bnue-KOMnccap
o6pa30BaHM.a. CKAaAbiBaeTC^ BneuaTAeHne, hto MM 6bia b cocroHHnn nOAH-^Tbca
Bbinie b poccnncKnx npaBHTeAbCTBeHHbix Kpyrax, ho HaMepeHHO npeAnonen
nocBHTHTb ce6ii AnTOBCKnM BonpocaM.
BpeMeHHoe npaBHTeAbCTBO b to BpeMJi (j)opMnpOBaAOCb b ochobhom n3 KaA^-
tob, ho c ynacraem AeBoro KepeHCxoro, n BAMHHne AeBbix b npaBHTeAbCTBe nevKAOH-
10
ho pocAo. Ka4eTbi 6mam BMHy^AeHbi ero noKMHyTb b HiOAe 1917 roAa. MM opraHM-
30BaA Cbe34 AHTOBIjeB B PoCCMM C IjeAblO BbI4BM^CeHM^ TpeÖOBaHMÜ He3aBMCMMOCTM,
o^HaKO okoao noAOBMHbi ynacTHMKOB npeAno^MTaAM HaAeflTbc» Ha aBTOHOMmo
b AMÖepaAbHon, ho oneHb AeBoü Pocchm. 3aTeM „naTpHora" c y^acraeM MM
oöpa30Ba4M „Taryba" (Cobct), KaK 6bi npaBMTeAbCTBO b M3raaHMM, m ocHOBaAH ero
b BopOHe^ce, r^e HaxoAMAMCb MHorne amtobckmc yqpe^cAeHHH. OAHaxo öoAbnie-
bmkm AeHCTB OBa am onepaTMBHo. HAeHbi „Taryba", b tom HMCAe MM m HeKOTOpbie
Apyrne, öbiam 3aKAiOHeHbi b TiopbMy, rAe ohm npocMAeAM Meom m öbiam
OCBOÖO^CAeHbl AMHIb IIOCMe ynASTBI B3ATKM B 13-000 30A0TBIX pyÖ/Leil 404 KH0CTHbIM
AMijaM 6o/LbineBHKOB- IlocMe ocBo6o:*c4eHMJi MM HapyniMA ycAOBM* Aoepo^Horo
ocBo6o^c4eHMÄ h yKaTHvi Ha noe34e b HeMijaMM oKKynMpoBaHHbiii Bmabhioc, r4e
norpy3MACJi b paöoiy no co3AaHMio He3aBMCMMoro MHTOBCKoro rocyAapcTBa.
HeMijM npeAcraBAüMM ceöe nceBAOHe3aBMCMMoe /iMTOBCKoe rocyAapcrBO,
KaK nacTb ixaaHa mx aHHeKCMM 3ana4Hbix paiioHOB Pocchm. MnTBa AOA^KHa öbiAa
CTaTb MOHapxneH, ee KopoAeM - cbih KopoAii IIpyccHH, m craAa 6w oHa CBX3äHa
TaMO^ceHHblMM, BOeHHbIMM M ApyrMMM AOrOBOpaMM C TepMaHMeH. OAHaKO 3TO
BCTpeTMAo conpoTHB/ieirpie Apyrnx repMaHCKwx rocyAapcrß, KOTOpbie He xoTeAM
yCMAeHHJI BAVLXHMX üpyCCHM, H, IIO COBeTJ *IMeHOB 0Un03HU,HH B HeMeiiKOM
napaaMeHTe, AMTOBHbi BbiABMHyAM npoeKT, BCTpe^Hbin npyccKOMy: k y^cacy npyc-
cob, öbiTb Kopo^eM npeAAO^KHAH OTHOCMTeyibHO MaAOM3BecTHOMy rpa J y Biop-
TeHÖepiy cj)on ypax. MM, öyAy^H HAeHOM „Taryba" b BmAbmoce, ChirpaA b 3tom
Ba KHyK) pOAb.
TepMaHCKoe npaBMTeAbCTBO npM3HaAO MnTBy He3aBMCMMbiM rocyAapCTBOM
24 MapTa 1918 r., ho Mmtobckoc npaBMTeAbCTBO (KaÖMHeT) He 6hao c | opMMpoBa-
HO 40 11 HOflÖpfl, AUH OKOHMaHMBL BOMHbl. MM ÖblA MMHMCTpOM |)MHaHCOB B
nepBbix Tpex KaÖMHeTax, nbiTa^cb oöecnenMTb xa3Hy (J HHaHCOBbiMM pecypcaMM
AAX BBIIIOAHeHMH OCHOBHblX (|)yHKIJMM ynpaBAeHMÜ TOCyAapCTBOM, OCOÖeHHO m
{ MHaHCMpoBaHHJi Boopy^ceHHbix cma, TaK KaK yrp03y caMOMy cynjecTBOBaHMio
rocyAapcTBa npeACTaBAflAM m öoAbmeBMKH, h noAflKM. MM yAaAocb AoÖMTbOj Kpe-
AHTa, Bo-nepBbix, b 100 mm. MapoK y HeMijeB, a 3aTeM m 200 tbic. c|)yHTOB crepAMH-
TOB M3 6pMTaHCKMX MCTOHHMKOB. M3 TepMaHCKOrO KpeAMTa OH CMOr npeAOCTaBMTb
KpeAMT B 3 MM. MapOK AAJI AaTbHIieH, KOTOpbie 3TH CpeACTBa MCIIOAb30BaAM 44H
OpraHH3aiJMM COnpOTMBAeHMfl ÖOAbUieBMKaM M (|)OpMMpOBaHMiI MaTBHHCKOrO
rocyAapcTBa.
B 1919 MM, öyAy^H *iMeHOM AeAeraijMM Ha napn^ccKOM mmphoh KOH^epeH-
Uhm (KOTopa^ o^HHMaAbHO He öbiaa npH3HaHa coio3HHKaMH), noMor Mmtbc
noAyHMTb KpeAMT b pa3Mepe 5 m^lh. ao^la. CIIIA, b bm Ae pa3AMHHbix TOBapoB H3
H3MMIHKOB apMHM CIIIA.
OAHaxo AeMCTBiH? AeAerauMM b IlapM^ce He 6ham noAMTMnecKM ycneuiHbiM.
npe3MAeHT CIIIA Bmabcoh BbiciynaA npoTMB Kaxoro-AMÖo AeAeHM^ Pocchm, m
noAJiKH nbiTaAHCb aHHeKCHpOBaTb MnTBy, KOTopa* öbiAa b coK)3e c noAbmen ao
1792 r. IIo3TOMy ohm BbicrynaAM npoTMB amtobckom He3aBMCMMOCTM Be34e, rAe
TOAbKO MOrAM, M B 3TOM MX nOAAep^CMBaAa OpaHHMÜ, HO He AHrAMfl.
Bcio cboio KM3Hb MM 6ha aKTMBHbiM A^üTeAeM EBaHreAMKO-pe J opMaTCKoro
KOCTeAa. He oTAMnancb rAyöoKOM peAMrM03Hocrbio, oh BepMA b 3araAOHHbie cmabi
bo BceAeHHOM m i^chma peAMTMio KaK rapaHT CTaÖMAbHocTH odmecTBa. IIpH ero
coAeMCTBMM 6ha oöocHOBaH J)aKyAbTeT EßaHreAMnecKOM TeoAorMM b KayHaccKOM
yHMBepCMTeTe (BnOCAeACTBMM OTMeHeH H3-3a BAMHHMU KaTOAMKOB).
C co3AaHMeM He3aBMCMMoro /Imtobckoto rocyAapcTBa MM 6ha Ha BepuiMHe
CBoeii noAHTHMecKOM penyraHMM, rAyöoKoyßa^KaeMbiM Hai^mOHaAMCTHnecKOH |)paK-
UMeM, HO MCKpeHHe HeHaBMAMMbIM aHTMKAepMKaAaMM AeBbIMM, KOTOpbie B MHTBe
BCKOpe CTaAM ÖOAbmeBMCTCKOH |)paKti;MeM. HeHaBMCTb ÖbiAa OTHaCTM AM^HOH, HO
OHa npoHBAÄAacb eqe m noxoMy, *rro MM cnocoöcTBOBaA AyxoßeHCTBy
OK33bIBaTb BAMÜHMe Ha AMTOBCKyiO MOAOAe Kb, CHHTafl 3TO npOTHBO^AHeM OT
ÖOAbUieBM3Ma.
11
3aTeM npMMepHo b 1919 r. MM noTepü^i MHxepec k no;iMXMHecKOM 4e.axe¿ibHoc-
XM M CXa4 aKTMBHMM B qaCTHOM 6H3Hece, nO-BM4MMOMy, nOTOMy HXO MMTBa OM4a
4)MHaHCOBO caaöoM, a oh, HecoMHeHHo, ^ce^ayi 6biTb öoraxbiM. Oh nacxo roßopMa,
craBü B npuMep aMepuKaHCKoro KapHem, KoxopbiM cxa4 6oraxbiM m Mcnoab30Baa
nacTb CBoero öoraxcxBa 4ar noompeHMJi 40CXOMHHX HaHMHaHMM. Kor4a Ha nepBbix
nopax exo npe4npMßrrMß[ 4eMCXBOBa¿iM ycneuiHO, MM ({)HHaHCHpoBa^i nyö^MKaijMio
KHMr, no44ep^cHBa^i M0404MX xy40^cHMK0B m nncaxeaeii.
Ü4HaKO öo/ibiiiMHCXBo ero npe4npMJixMM b kohchhom Mxore np0Ba¿LM40Cb. C
04HOH cxopOHbi, oh öbiA HepicnpaBMMbiM onxMMMCxoM, Koxopbiii Bcer4a Ha4eexcfl
Ha 4yHHiee, m y Hero He 6bmo onbixa b 6w3Hece. Bo/iee xoro, b Muxße npaKXM^ecKM
He 6biao onbixHbix ÖM3HecMeHOB. Ba^noxoii, ijMpicyviMpyiomeH xor4a b Miixße, öbiyia
repMaHCKan Mapxa, Kypc icoxopoM cMvibHO KOAeöaACR, hxo hm b KoeM oiynae He
cnocoöcxBOBa^io ÖM3Hecy.
B neARX HaKon^eHMü xaumaAa MM m KOMnaHbOHbi ocHOBaan öaHK, b xo Bpe-
MR e4HHCXBeHHblii B ÄMTBe. Ü4HaKO C B03HMKH0BeHMeM Xpy4HOCXe¿f OHM nblXa^lMCb
BbiííxM M3 noao^ceHMH, npMHMMaÄ Bce öo^iee pMCKOBaHHbie, a MHor4a m He3aKOHHbie,
Mepbi. B 1927 ro4y oc|)MMMayibHO 6bm oö^B^eH öaHKpox öaHica, a MM m HeKoxopbiM
ero KOMnaHbOHaM ömam npe4MB^ieHbi oGbmhchm^ b xa^axHoexM m onpe4e^ieHHbix
HapymeHMHx öaHKOBCKMx 33KOHOB. nooae 44Mxe;ibHoro npoMe44eHM^, b 1936 ro4y,
MM 6bi4 cy4MM M npM3HaH bmhobhhm; eMy 6bia npe4rbüB^eH xpynHbiM mck aa*
omiaxbi Kpe4MxopaM, ho oh M3Öe^ca4 noc4e4yK)in;ero HaKa3aHM* Ha ocHOBaHMM
3aKOHa 06 MCKOBOM 4aBHOCXM. 3x0 nO/io^cM^io KOHeq öoAbHiMHCXBy ero noaMXM^ec-
KMX M 4eaOBbIX MepOnpM5IXMM.
B 1939-1940 r. r. MM ocxaBM^i oneHb MHxepecHbie MeMyapbi o noAHXM^ecKOM
M coHMaabHOM CMiyaiiMM b Mmxbc He3a40^ro 40 cobcxckom oKKynaijMM, a nooie
OKKynauMM eMy yaaaocb c6e Kaxb b TepMaHMio. B 1941 ro4y MM 4o6pa;iai 40
Bpa3M4MM M yMep b PMO-4e-^CaHeMpo 5 anpeAR 1941 r. ox cep4e*moro npMCiyna.
Leidéjti pastabos
Knygoje cituojama daug tekstq is ivairiq saltiniq. Tarn, kad skaitytojui knygos sandara
bütii vizualiai aiskesné, skirtingu sriftu surinkti sie tekstai: autoriaus - profesoriaus Martyno
Yco (be uzraitif), politiko Martyno Yco (su uzraitais) ir kitq saltiniq (smulkiu su uzraitais).
Asmenvardziai ir vietovardziai autoriaus tekste rasomi lotynq rasmenimis originalo
rasyba, 0 cituojamuose tekstuose - taip, kaip parasyti juose. Svetimq kalbq zodziai isskirti
kursyvu. Cituojamq politiko M. Yco „Atsiminimif" tekstq skyreliais suskirsté sios knygos
autorius. Svetimq kalbq tekstai \ lietuviq kalbq isversti ne visur. Visos pastabos isnasose ir
lauztiniuose skliaustuose yra autoriaus, isskyrus keletq politiko M. Ycof kurios buvo cituoja-
mii jo rasinhi tekste. Asmenvardziq rodykléje pavardés rasomos taip, kaip knygos tekste ir
cituojamuose dokumentuose.
TURINYS
PRATARMÉ
1. JAUNATVÉ
Yen protèviai / 19
Tiskeviciq ordinatas / 20
Tévas Martynas ir Stanislovas Dagilis / 20
Tévo isvykimas ir mirtis / 21
Seimos vargai / 22
Mokyklose / 23
Pirmieji rasiniai / 24
Pirmieji pasirodymai / 25
Susidomèjimas teatru / 25
Ycai Tomske / 27
Sibiro lietuviai, lenkai ir visuomenès
santykiai / 29
Tomskas, jo universitetas ir studentai / 30
Lietuviai studentai / 31
Lietuviq mokslo draugija / 32
Kunigas J. Tumas-Vaizgantas / 34
„Viltis" / 34
Reformatq baznycia / 36
2. KAUNE 1912 METAIS
Baigus universitetq / 41
t Kaunq atvykus / 41
Lietuviq organizacijos / 42
Birzq spaustuvè / 43
Santykiai tarp lietuviq / 43
Santykiai su lenkais / 44
Santykiai su rusais / 45
Gubernatorius Veriovkinas / 45
Spaudos praradimas ir atgavimas / 46
„Rosija puchla, a narod chiriel" / 48
Rusijos inteligentija / 48
Pirmoji Valstybés Duma / 49
Antroji ir trecioji Valstybés Dûma ( 51
„Samoderzavije" / 51
Rinkimq tvarka / 52
Pasirengimas rinkimams / 52
Agitacija per koncertus / 54
Miliukovas «aune / 56
Partijq ríetenos / 57
Rinkimai / 59
Svarstomas cenzas / 60
Dvarininkq kurijoje / 61
Gubernijos suvaziavimas / 62
Rinkikq priesaika / 63
3. ISRINKTAS
Dûmos sudétis / 65
Oarbo galimumai / 65
Ministrai / 66
Pirmieji ispüdziai / 67
Lietuviq atstovai / 68
Kadetq frakcija / 68
Kadeti{ supazindinimas su Lietuvos tauta / 69
Lenkai / 70
Spaudoje / 71
Dûmos draugai / 71
Peterburgo lietuviai / 72
Dailès paroda / 73
Ona Jablonskyté / 74
Brolis Jonas Semipalatinske / 75
4. VARGAI LIETUVOS
Informuoja lietuvius / 79
Emigracija / 79
Zemés klausimas / 86
Savivaldybès / 90
Ten gérai, kur müsq nèra / 94
Lietuvybés reikaiai / 95
Karpatq kalnuose / 97
„Kaisertreu" / 98
5. TAUTOS NAMAI
Tautos namq sumanymas / 100
Kunigo J. Ziliaus pasiülymas / 100
Delegatq parinkimas / 100
Su daktaru J. Basanaviciumi per Vokietijn / 103
Per Atlant^ / 104
Lietuviai emigrantai / 105
Daktaro J. Basanaviciaus sveikata / 105
New York / 106
Pas Jonn Sliüpn / 108
Niagara / 112
Chicagoje / 112
Amerikos zurnalistai / 114
Darbai ir vaisés /115
Spaudos baisai / 116
Laikas isvykti / 119
Paryziuje su Gabriu / 122
Surinktos aukos ir jq likimas /122
Lietuviq gyvenimas Amerikoje / 123
Lietuviq nutautéjimas / 125
6. PARAKO KVAPAS
Quem deus perdere vult - démentit / 127
Prancûzai nujaucia karq / 127
Britq parlamentas / 127
Angiq büdas / 129
Londono lietuviai / 129
Anglai karo nenumato / 129
Vél Paryziuje / 130
Apie karo galimybç - Vaistybès Dümoje /130
Vasarq pas savuosius / 132
Pacifistq kongresas / 132
13
Prezidento Poincaré vizitas Carui / 132
Mobilizacija ir karas / 133
DGmos karo sesija / 134
Pirmieji Rusq armijos veiksmai / 135
Tannenbergo müsiai ir generólo Samsonovo
armijos pralaiméjimai / 136
Gintariné deklaracija / 137
Lietuviq politikos centras / 139
Centro rastas Amerikon / 140
Atstovg. komitetas / 141
P. Leono isstojimas ir Komiteto zlugimas / 142
7. NUNIOKOTA PAFROIMTÉ
Miestq. sqjungos veikla / 144
Laikinasis lietuviq komitetas / 144
Tatjanos komiteto parama / 145
Zemaitija / 147
l Prüsijq / 149
Kareiviq plésikavimas / 149
,,Lietuvii( draugijos dél karo nukentéjusiesiems
selpti" steigimas / 150
Kas nuteriota / 150
Partiné nesantaika / 151
Rustí parama ir trintis su lenkais / 151
Baznycia lietuviams / 152
Antroji kelioné i pafrontQ / 153
„Vairo" reikalai / 154
Latviq ir estL( pazadai / 155
Kitq miestq lietuviq veikla / 155
Centro komiteto veikla Lietuvoje iki vokieciq
okupacijos / 156
8. GALICIJOS FRONTE
Valstybés Dümos ligoniné / 160
Kijevas - Rusijos miestq motina / 160
Lvovas, Tarnovas, Jaslas, Krosnas / 162
Austrq. aeroplanas / 163
Dümos pirmininkas Rodzianko / 164
Pas armijos vad^ Radko-Dmitrijev^ / 165
Inter arma tacent leges / 165
Kas g¡ [vyko Galicijos fronte? / 166
Vél Rusq parama / 168
Tatjanos komiteto skyriq suvaziavimas / 168
Pabégéliai plüsta [ Rusij^ / 168
Vél i ViiniiL / 169
Dosnioji J. Tübelio ranka / 170
9. MES TREMTY
Centro komiteto pasidalijimas / 171
Centro komiteto veikla Rusijoje / 171
Tatjanos komitetas / 172
Taryba pabégéliams selpti / 172
Liaudininki! boikotas / 175
Ypatingieji [galiotiniai / 175
Rysiai su Vilnium / 176
„Litva" / 176
Kairiqjq^aktyvas" / 177
Obyvateliq komitetas / 177
t Rusij^ isgabentas jaunimas / 178
Vilkaviskio gimnazijos direktoríus / 178
Grafo Ignatjevo pagalba / 178
Organizuojama gimnazija / 180
Rasta lésq. / 181
Berniukq gimnazijos atidarymas / 182
Mergaiciq gimnazija / 183
Gimnazijij. tvarka ir kitos mokyklos / 183
Amatininkqapmokymas / 184
10. PIRMOJI STOCKHOLMO
KONFERENCIJA
Stockholmo konferencijos kilmé / 186
Konferencijos rezoliucija / 187
Svedq ir lietuviq selpimo komitetas / 187
J. Gabrio rysiai su vokieciais / 189
A. V. Nekiiudovas / 191
Simtas tükstanciq rubliq ir kunigaikstis
Liubomirskis / 192
11. VAKARUOSNA
Dümos delegacija pas s^jungininkus / 195
Pasitarimai Stockholme / 195
Nekliudovo priémimas / 197
Norvegijoje / 198
Per jür^ i Anglij^ / 198
Priémimas Londone / 200
Delegacija pas Londono lietuvius / 201
Pas karaliq. George V / 205
Ministro Pirmininko Asquitho vakariené / 206
Parlamento tradicijos ir socialistai / 206
Glasgowas / 207
Edinburghas / 208
Admirólo Beatty eskadra / 208
Nesqziningi rusq agentai / 208
\ Paryziq / 209
Pas Prancüzq politikus / 210
Paryzius karo metu / 211
Rusq ambasadoje / 211
Fronte su A. Conan Doyle / 212
Conan Doyle Londone / 213
Pas karaliq. Albert^ I / 214
12. LAUSANNA
Pirmqjq lietuviq konferencijq
organizuojant / 217
Sveicarija^ / 218
Lietuviai Sveicarijoje / 218
Politiné Sveicarijos lietuviq veikla / 219
Amerikos balsai / 220
Pirmoji lietuviti konferencija Lausannoje / 221
Antroji Lausannos konferencija / 223
13. SERVUS SERVORUM DEI
I Romq / 226
14
Saltas priémimas / 226
Brusilovo „pagalba" / 226
Plechanovas ir Amfiteatrovas / 227
Po Italijos [zymybes / 227
Sunku gauti audiencia / 228
Audiencija / 229
Popiezius Benediktas XV / 233
Pas kardinol^Gasparri / 234
Ambasadoriaus Girso perspéjimas / 235
Rinkliavos eiga / 235
Bartuska ir Bielskis / 237
14. GRIZTAME PETRAPILIN
Respublikos prezidentas Raymondas
Poincaré / 238
Verduno fronte / 238
Prancüzii zvalgyba / 239
Prancuzn politiki[ socializmas / 240
Veiksmai jüroje / 240
Romanas Dmowskis / 241
Stockholmas / 242
Kas pasiekta / 243
Puola kairieji / 244
15. PER SIBIRAAMERIKON
Pagalba okupuotai Lietuvai / 245
Ríetenos Amerikoje / 245
Kunigas Jonas Zilius / 246
Rengiamés kelionén / 247
Siblro gelezinkeliu / 248
Dovana amerikietei / 248
Pasitinka brolis / 249
Pasitinka Citos lietuviai / 250
^ Peking / 250
Sventoviii lankymas / 251
Auka uz Lietuvos nepriklausomyb^ / 251
Mongolijos kunigaikscio pamaldose / 252
Kinai létai bunda is letargo / 252
Pas Rush ambasadori^ / 253
Japonai / 254
Niko sventykia / 255
Laivas „Shinio Maru" / 255
Gaisras laive / 256
Havajit salos / 256
Honolulu / 257
Uetuvii^seimoje / 257
San Francisco / 258
16. BULOTOS BALSAS
Bulotos „kerstas" / 259
Salpa ir klasii[ kova / 259
Stasio Simkaus veikla / 261
Kai kas pradeda abejoti / 264
Matas Salcius / 265
17. AMERIKOJE 1916 METAIS
San Francisko zurnalistai / 267
Lietuvos atstatymo bendrové / 267
Amerikos Raudonasis Kryzius / 268
Lietuvii^diena / 270
Bostone / 272
Rinkliava / 273
Vedybos ir kelioné [ Europa / 274
Vél Stockholme / 276
Vokieciq. tikslai Lietuvoje / 277
Autonomija ar nepriklausomybé? / 277
Tautos Taryba / 278
18. REVOLIUCIJOS NUOTRUPOS
Ycai gr[zta ¡s Amerikos / 281
Vasario revoliucija / 282
M. Ycas - tovarisc ministr / 284
Suomijoje kalbék angliskai / 285
Lietuvin, zemés bankas / 286
Tatjanos komiteto galas / 286
Kerenskis / 287
Zmona Voroneze / 289
Lietuvii( Tautos Taryba / 289
Petrapilio seimas / 290
Sava kariuomené / 292
Antroji Stockholmo konferencija / 292
Auksciausioji visos Rusijos Lietuviii Tautos
Taryba / 292
Kapsukas / 293
Kaíéjime / 295
Lietuviit spaustuvés / 296
Béga, kas gal i, is Voronezo / 298
19. PER KORDON4 VILNIUN
Per Ors^ / 300
Vokiecig tvarka / 302
Tarybos padétis / 302
Priémimas Taryboje / 303
Svietimo komisijoje / 304
Tremtiniai gr[zta Lietuvon / 309
Kijeve / 310
Voronezo lietuvig. eselonas / 311
Gyvenimas Vilniuje / 313
20. MINDAUGAS ANTRASIS
Karo padétis / 315
M. Ycas ir Taryba / 315
Kandidatai [ Lietuvos sost^. / 316
Saksi( karalaicio kandidatüra / 317
Saksonijos karalius - lietuviskos kilmés / 318
Uracho kandidatüra / 318
Dr. J. Purickis ir karaliaus rinkimai / 319
Vokiecin akcíja pries Taryba / 324
Opozicija monarchijai / 325
Gabrio pucas / 329
21. PIRMOJI VYRIAUSYBÉ
Vokiecii[ deklaracija / 332
15
Votdemaras - [ Sveicarrfo Yeas -
[ Svedijq. / 332
Laikinoji konstitueija / 333
Pirmojo kabineto sudarymas / 333
Okupacija lieka / 335
Lenkt( pastangos pries mus / 335
Minios pavojus / 336
Viesas pasirodymas / 336
Valstybés Tarybos pirmininko A. Smetonos
kalba / 337
Ministro pirmininko prof. A. Voldemaro kalba / 338
Frakdjq. pareiskimai / 343
22. REIKIA PINIGg
Vyriausybès uzdaviniai / 347
Trüksta pinigi^ / 347
Kariuomenés pradzia / 348
Artèja bolsevikai / 349
Simtas milijonii markii* / 350
Kelioné [ Berlyn^ / 350
„Vyriausybès pabégimas" / 350
Kelionç prisimena H. Yciene / 351
Gauta paskola / 352
Antrasis kabinetas / 352
Paskolos grqzinti nereikès / 353
Nelegalios islaidos / 354
Sveicarijoje / 355
Prancüzqviza / 355
Paskola Latviams / 356
Slezeviciaus kabineto finansinè krizé / 357
Tildeno Smitho grupè / 359
23. TAIKOS KONFERENCIJOJE
Lietuvii[delegacijosatvykimas ir jossudètis / 361
Vos nepaskendo Narusevicius ir Sliüpas / 362
Delegate asmenybés / 362
Gyvenimas Paryziuje / 363
Politinè padètis ir Lenkai / 364
Vilniaus reikalas / 365
Amerikos politika / 366
Santykiai su Rusais / 367
Latviai, Estai ir kiti / 367
Santykiai su Amerikieciais / 369
Derybos Londone dél ginkli^ / 373
Konferencijos isdava / 374
24. REFORMATg BAZNYCIOJE
„Evangeliki(‘reformatit parapiji[ tvarka
Lietuvoje" / 376
Vilniaus evangeliki|-reformatL( sinodas / 382
Baznycia keliasi is griuvésiq / 384
Reformat^ laikrastis / 385
Uzsienio pagalba / 385
Pittsburgo kongresas / 386
Radvilos / 388
Reikia Evangeliki^ teologijos fakulteto / 389
Liuteronq nesantaika / 390
Fakulteto vidine nesantaika / 391
Konstantino donaeija / 393
Jono Sliupo byla / 393
Voldemaro pastangos panaikinti fakultet^ / 394
Antrojo meginimo sekme / 395
Yco pamaldumas / 396
25. VILNIUS IR VARSUVA
Baznytine Karaliauciaus konfereneija / 399
Kelione Vilniun / 400
Rimties valanda / 404
Derybos su Lenkais / 406
26. SIC TRANSIT GLORIA
Pirmieji nepriklausomybes metai / 409
Lietuva kitLi akimis / 409
Anglu Kovno / 410
Politines Yco paziuros / 411
Yco seimos gyvenimo bGdas / 414
Yco pramogos / 414
Ekonomine Yco veikla ir J. Sliupas / 415
Prekybos ir pramones bankas / 416
27. PALAIDOS MINTYS
Vilniaus zemes banke / 421
Santykiai su lenkais / 421
Bolseviku malone / 422
Vilniaus krasto gr^zinimo euforija / 422
Nesipriesinimo teorija / 423
Bolsevikmecio pradzia / 423
Lietuva okupanti^ akimis / 424
Tautininkn problemos / 424
Atgautajame Vilniuje / 425
Valstybine kalba / 426
Pilietybes istatymas / 427
28. SUDIEU, LIETUVA
Bolsevikams atejus / 428
Klaipedoje / 428
{ Berlyn^ / 429
A. Smetona Vokietijoje / 431
Lietuviai Berlyne / 431
Reikia pinigq. Ir vizi^ / 433
l Pirenn pusiasali nuvykus / 435
Pasitarimai su Lenkais / 436
Kelione { Brazilij^ / 440
Requiescat in Pacem / 442
PRIEDAS
M. Yco kalbos Dumoje / 443
Kai kurie dokumentai ir laikrasciR
publikacijos / 465
M. Yco straipsniai / 469
Asmenybes M. Yco ir kitq. autoriq akimis / 484
Straipsniai apie M. Ycq / 507
Laiskai ir kita / 510
ASMENVARDZig RODYKLE / 521
16
ASMENVARDZig RODYKLÈ
A
Abramsonas 49
Abromaitis 124
Adzemovas 67, 68, 71, 364
Adzemoff 364
Aglinskas 108
Akimovas 137,139
Aladinas 49
Albertas I 213,214,216
Alekna 33, 42, 54,149, 292,
303, 304, 309, 327, 416-419,
468, 493
Aleksandra, cariene 157,168,
193, 326
Aleksandras I 148
Aleksandr as II 20,160
Aleksandras III 50
Aleksandrovas 71
Aleksiejenka 66
Aleksinskis 49
Alfonsas, princas 316, 317, 329
Alytiene 106
Alseika 55, 157, 304
Alseikiene 55,157, 304
Alsauskas 43,101, 103, 111,
124, 151,153,158,170,171,
178,181,183, 223, 235, 259,
279, 297, 417, 486, 488, 490, 491
Ambrozaitis 114
Ambrozevicius 33
Amfiteatrovas 227
Ammundsen 400
Amundsenas 395
Angarietis 312
Apraksinas 193
Apuchtinas 148
Arcimovicius 191
Amo 277,280
Arsenjevas 430, 431
Asquith 128, 205, 206
Astrauskas 158
Asmys 188
Augstuolis 27
Aukstuolis 19, 41, 45, 55, 60,
76,184, 188,190-193,196,197,
204, 217, 243, 245, 276, 292,
347, 356, 357, 428, 434, 494
Aukstuolyte 102, 289, 296,
300, 302
Avizonis 391,413
B
Babianskis 70, 71, 73, 501
Babravicius 42
Bachmatjevas 189, 191
Backauskas 110
von Badenas 315, 332, 335
Bagdonas 157
Bagocius 119, 273
von Bayernas 304, 305
Balasovas 70
Balcikonis 59,159, 170,171,
178
Balocesnyte 43
Balutis 115, 414, 433, 499, 513
Banaitis 13, 321, 417
Barsanti 434
Bartkeviciene 292
Bartkevicius 517
Bartuska 195,196,216,217,
221, 236, 237, 246, 268, 278,
279, 316, 319, 329
Basanavicius 32, 33, 36, 44,
46, 57, 58, 60, 68, 72,100-106,
108, 109,112-124, 139,151,
157,158,168, 238, 245, 260,
266, 271, 274, 304, 344, 416,
492, 499, 504, 506, 507, 518
Bazanovas 28
Bazarevskis 108
Beatty 208
Beblevy 392
Benediktas XV 195, 217 228,
231, 233-236, 238, 310, 489
Benkendorfas 130, 201, 205,
211
Benesas 211
Bergas 155
Bergis 142
Bermontas 391
Bemsdorfas 191
Bethmannas 315
Bicknell 271
Biciünas 350,497
Bickauskas 184
Bieliauskas 156
Bielousovas 181
Bielskas 409
Bielskis 50, 53, 60, 62,195,
196, 217, 221, 236, 237, 409
Bielskus 319, 363
Birk 100
Birziska 123, 303, 304, 306,
307, 309, 322, 327, 334, 353, 421
Bisineekas 142
Bistras 389, 390, 495
Bite-Petkevicaite 33
Bizauskas 123, 308, 309, 362,
425
Bytautas 46
Byvalkevicius 181
Bobrinska 160
Bobrova 75
Bogojevskis 41, 376
Bojevas 399
von Bokas 229, 234, 235
Bondzinskis 64
Bortkevicienè 59, 62,102,175
Bourgeois 210
Bouillon 209, 210, 240, 356,
361
Brantingas 198, 232
Briand 161,170,210,481
Bruckus 139
Brunovas 218, 219, 221, 222
Brusilovas 168, 226, 227, 239,
287, 292
Büchleris 391
Bucys 235, 236, 278, 279, 391,
434, 442
Bücys 72, 73,493
Büga 266,409,488
Bukontas 53, 56, 62, 64
Bulota 144,145,147,150,151,
153,175, 246, 259-266
Bulotienè 264
Burba 110,116,498,506
Burbulys 21,298
Burse 399, 400
Bush-Bucinskas 107, 275
Bush-Bucinskis 106
Butelsas 155
Butkevicius 208
Bzozovskis 45, 60
c
Caillaux 216
Caldwellis 436
Cammereris 353, 365
Carnegie 189, 273
Casey 271
de Castelneau 239
Cecil 206,409
Celminsas 367
Cepliakas 310
Chadakauskaité 281, 494
de Chanel 238
Chodakauskas 132, 519
Chmelevskis 161
Churchillis 373
Chvostovas 67
521
ASMENVARDZIU RODYKLÉ
Ciehaciovas 242
Ciepliakas 153
Cijünélis 70
Cirtautas 35, 42, 45, 61, 484,
486
Cirtautiené 148
Clemenceau 374
Clinchanas 355, 356
Conry 272
Crawford (Crowford) 426
Crichtonas 129
Cumftai 56
Cumpftas 133
Curzonas 360, 409, 410, 504
c
Cakste 367, 368
Cameckis 158
Camockis 403
Camozatonskis 181
Cebysevas 168
Celnokovas 144,152
Cepas 250,291
Cepinskis 358, 362, 392, 396,
416
Cepènas 64
Cepulis 43, 383
Cemockis 404
Cemosvitovas 71
Çésnys 310,393,493,494 518
Cichacevas 195
Cigaitè 285, 295
Cigas 285
Ciurlys 158
Ciurlioniené 133
Ciurlionis 100,156, 291, 311
Clenovas 152
Cumpft 155
Ciurlioniené 133
Ciurlionis 100,156, 291, 311
Clenovas 152
Cumpft 155
D
Dabkevicius 416
Dabuzinskas 102
Dabuzinskis 54, 61, 63, 70,
512
Dabuzis 361, 372
Dagilis 20-25, 72,132, 155,
161, 384, 385
Dagilyté 21
Dagys 348, 359, 388
Dambrauskas 31, 33, 35, 43,
237, 403, 484, 485, 493
Danauskas 62, 63
Dargis 158
Daugelytë 364
Dauksa 295,296,511
Daumantas 218, 221, 236, 238,
239, 320
Daumant-Dzimidavicius 218,
221
Daumantas-Dzimidavicius
278, 316, 319, 355
Davidas 320, 352
Davoina-Silvestravicius 33
Dekanozovas 423
Dembskis 109,110, 274, 416
Demcenka 243
Demcenko
195, 202
Demidovas 71, 160,162
Demikis^ 28, 29, 61, 62,134
Deoneo-Sklovsky 130
Dickinson 399
Dilys 383,408
Dioneo Sklovskis 201
Dluskis 365
Dmowskis 206, 241, 242
Dobkevicius 358, 414, 417,
419
Dobuzinskis 60, 329, 486, 513
Dogelis 139,151,171, 237
Doyle 212-214
Dolgorukovas 49, 69,164
Domasevicius 33
Donald 384, 386
Dorfmanas 96
Doriare 130
Doumer 209, 212
Doumergue 209, 239
Doviatas 33, 347,361
Dovydaitis 139
Dovoina Silvestraviciene-
Malinauskaite 312, 512
Dovoina Silvestravicius 312
Draugelis 107, 295, 327, 495,
511
Drevinskas 383
E
Ebertas 352
Eden 332
Elijosius 113
Engelhardas 195, 212, 215
Ercbergeris 333
Erzbergeris 306, 319-321, 330,
490
F
Falkenhausenas 329
Fehrenbachas 318-321, 329,
331
Fer senas 153
Ferzenas 154
Firsovas 70
Fischeris 348, 353
Fordas 242,243
Fortingtonas 357, 358
France 210, 363
Frederiksas 193
Fridmanas 23, 64, 65, 67, 95
Fridmaniene 19, 23
Friedrichas Augustas III 317,
318, 331
Friedrichas Christijanas 317,
321
G
Gabrys 122,130,140, 141,
143,186-191, 204, 211, 219-
225, 236, 238, 239, 273, 278,
279, 292, 316, 317, 319, 320,
324, 329, 330, 333, 356, 361,
363
Gaigalaitis 188, 332, 359, 385,
391, 392, 396, 417
von Gaylis 305, 306
Galkauskas 403
Galvanauskas 358, 361, 362,
364, 370-372, 374, 375, 396,
415, 424, 437, 514
Galvele 67, 73, 75
Garlawa 189
Garliava 186,188,189, 191
Gasparri 195, 228, 229, 232,
234, 236, 247, 488, 492
Gedgaudas 373, 374
Gedvila 424
Gedviias 416
Geguzis 119
Geist 384
Gelderblomas 391
Gelgudas 364
Gelovani 97,160
George V 205, 206
Gerasimovas 71,183
Gervinas 396
Gibbonsas 247
Ginaityte 42
Ginzburgas 168,172
Gira 350
Gimius 49
Girsas 226, 227, 235
Gizbert-Studnickis 400
Glassas 399
Golicynas 66
Goldmanas 91, 368
Goldmanis 71, 134,172
Goodas 387, 388
Gordonas 69, 358
Goremykinas 66, 67,137-139
Goscicki 80
522
Grabskis 173
Grauzinis 232
Grazulis 295
Gregory 366, 504
Grejus 196
Grey 196,205,206,243
Griazevas 147
Grigonis 418, 419
Grigorjevas 133,149
Grinius 33, 292, 293, 361, 412,
498
Gronskis 71, 72, 76,160
Grosvaldas 142
Gruehnas 391
Gruzinskis 76, 77
Gruzauskai 281
Gruzevskis 38, 39, 56, 63, 383,
487
Guckovas 51, 65
Gudauskas 62
Gudavicius 51,141
Gugis 266
Gulkevicius 198
Gurko 195,199, 203, 204, 206,
211
H
Hanusevicius 55
Hasse 352
Hermanas-Izyckis 403
Hertlingas 320, 329, 335, 490,
492
Hindenburgas 135,136, 239,
315, 490, 491
Hitleris 396, 422, 430, 432, 436
Hoetzendorfas 166
Hoffmannas 304—306, 315,
317, 324, 350
Homerius 189
Howard 197
I
Ignatjevas 67,157, 178,179,
181, 249
Ivanovas 60, 71,165
Ivinskis 46, 236, 237, 314
Izvolskis 130, 209, 211
Ycaite (Fridmaniene), Zuzana
19, 22, 23
Yeas, Jonas 17,19-23, 27-29,
31, 36, 40, 43, 75, 78,134,156,
181, 249, 250, 281, 289, 297,
298, 307, 309, 334, 350, 383,
385, 388, 398, 416, 417, 494, 507
Yeas, Jonas (senelis) 19-22
Yeas, Martynas (tevas) 19-22
Yeas, Stanislovas 22, 23, 77,
114
ASMENVARDZIU RQDYKLÉ
Yciené, Hypatija 125, 275,
276, 280, 285, 289, 290, 295,
296, 299, 311-314, 351, 352,
355, 360, 363, 375, 387, 399,
404, 414, 418, 428, 431, 434,
435, 442, 510, 514
Yciené, Ona 19,22
Yciené (Dagilyté), Zuzana 19,
21-23, 281
J
Jablonskis 33, 47, 75,102,122,
132,156, 161,180, 183, 250,
259, 260, 262, 263, 266, 289,
292, 295, 494, 495, 511
Jablonskyté 74, 75,160,161,
274
Jagella 71
Jagomastas 188
Jakstas-Dambrauskas 33, 41
Jakubénas 19, 24, 40, 43,
64, 245, 258, 296, 298, 299,
355,385, 388, 390-392, 395,
398-401, 404,794
Jankauskas 106, 107
Jankus 109
Janulaitis 151, 218, 245
Janusevicius 321,485
Januskevicius 62-65, 68, 70,
73,134,142,147,150, 151, 244,
288
Jarasius 55
Jarmocenko 211
Jarulaitis 49, 142,147
Jasenskis 183, 295, 296, 311,
312, 494, 495, 511
Jasüdis 139
Jasinskas 133
Jefremovas 367
Jekaterina II 48
Jellicoe 200,240,241
Jevsejevas 91
Jezukevicius 144,145,151,
153
Joachimas 277, 316, 317, 319,
321, 322, 324
Jocys 295
Joffe 350
Jokübébas 383
Jonaitis 114
Jonca 264
Jucaitis 158
Judenicius 357, 364
Juospaitis 59
Juozapavicius 139, 351, 352,
364
Juozepavicius 61-64
Jurgelionis 114,115
Jurkunas 192,196, 204, 245,
494
Juskevicius 46
K
Kairiükstiené 281
Kairys 33,175, 223, 245, 267,
292, 322, 327, 328, 334, 353
Kaliubakinas 71
Kalvinas 36,378,393
Kapsukas 125, 207, 259, 267,
275, 293, 294, 361, 510, 511
Kapsukas-Mickevicius 117,
259, 267, 292, 298, 299, 497
Karevicius 150,156,176,195,
228, 229, 236, 247, 248, 310,
484-487, 489, 490, 492, 493
Karuza 195, 196, 204, 205,
216-218, 221, 226, 239, 246,
267, 268, 319, 494
Karüza 319
Kasakaitis 270
Kasperavicius 148
Kaskiaucius 118
Katelbachas 428, 436, 439
Kaufman 47,149
Kaulakis 115
Kaziünas 31
Keinis 91, 92
Keinys 51, 53, 60-65, 68, 70,
79, 97, 134, 147,150, 151, 178,
485
Kélertas 418
Kellertas 419
Kemésis 267, 271, 513
Kerenskis 75,167,198, 287,
288, 292, 368
Kerys 303
Kerpis 158
Kesküla 189
Kirilovas 89
Kitcheneris 240
Kybelka 391
Klimas 123,138,156, 225, 281,
302, 306, 308, 312, 314, 324,
327, 331, 333, 346, 347, 349,
351, 355, 360-364,435
von Kluckas 211, 212
Kocubejus 164,166
Kognovickis 45,178
Kokovcovas 66, 67
Kolcakas 364, 367, 368, 369
Konca 146
Kondratavicius 349
Korybut-Purickis 218, 221,
520
Kornilovas 46,164,167, 277
Korwin-Milewski 365, 502
523
ASMENVARDZIU RODYKLÉ
Kozminaité 300, 302
Krasinskis 38
Krasnickis 118, 119
Krasovskis 178
Kraujelis 153, 404
Krecinskis 46
Krévé-Mi eke vicius 409, 424
Kriauciünas 116, 176, 494
Krisciukaitis 434
Krivoseinas 67
Kropotkinas 57,130
Krupavicius 360, 393, 398, 495
Krupenskis 80
Kubilius 33, 41, 49, 62, 101,
102,133,139,151, 171, 182,
195, 262, 263, 295, 303, 304,
349, 487, 494
Kudasevas 253
Kudirka 35,122,499
Kudrevicius 63
Kuizinas 430, 440, 441
Kuykendallis 430
Kukta 151-153, 266, 398, 409,
484, 492, 493
Kulomzinas 55, 59, 60, 70
Kumelis 51
Kundrotas 107
Kupffer 391
Kupre vicius 43, 76
Kupstas 51
Kurakinas 154,180
Kumatauskas 38, 386,
388, 391, 392, 396, 401, 403,
404
Kumatauskis 384
Kumatovskis 399, 400
Kuzma 51, 53
Kuzminskas 516, 517
Kuznecovas 169
L
Labanauskas 430, 440, 441
Lagodinskis 181
Landfíeldas 258, 274
Landsbergiené 158
Landsbergis 75, 310, 421
Lapénaité 19
Lastauskas 307, 309
Laskariovas 145
Laskevicius 97, 98
Laukaitis 65, 68, 69, 71, 134,
261, 484, 485
Laurinaitis 349, 360
Lavrentijevas 28
Lavrentjevas 28, 76, 77
Lazarevas 145
Lebedevas 69
Lednickis 49, 152, 401
Leninas 217
Leonas 33, 41, 42, 45, 46, 51,
53, 54, 57, 61, 62, 64, 67, 69, 70,
141-143, 150,151,153,171,
182, 184, 193,194, 210, 243,
246, 259, 263, 265, 266, 277,
278, 291, 334, 352, 418, 419,
486, 501
Leona vicius 347, 494
Liandsbergiené 144
Leopoldas I 214
Linartas 287, 296
Linde 100
Lindhagenas 187-189, 197,
198, 276
Liubomirskis 192-194, 355
Liuboszas-Miloszas 365
Liüdzius 173, 174
Liuteris 376-378
Lobanovas-Rostovskis 195,
203, 212, 214, 215,258
Lochvitskis 209, 212
Lopas 49
Loppato 270, 271
Lozoraitis 406,514
Lucanskis 392
Ludendorffas 135,136, 166,
225, 239, 490-492
Lukauskis 133
Lukosevicius 38, 39, 394,
518
Lvovas 137, 165, 282, 286, 287,
290, 367, 368, 507
M
Mac Donald 207
Maciejauskas 148
Maciejevicius 70
Macijauskas 417
Macyté 19
Mackelé 161
MacKenna 243
Maironis 19, 23, 24, 31, 33,
40, 41, 55, 97, 99, 292, 321, 484,
485, 493
Maklakovas 67, 68,130,138,
164, 369
Makusinas 30
Maliauskas 156, 259, 266
Malinauskas 19, 33, 46, 137,
138,151, 303, 351, 417
Malvy 130
Mansirevas 92
Manuilovas 71,151, 285
Markovas 85, 86
Martisius 201, 202
Massaryk 211
Mastauskas 329,512
Masiotas 33, 133, 151,183,
259, 260, 262, 289, 292, 295,
306, 307, 334, 494, 511
Matjosaitis 297
Matulaitis 129, 201-203, 273,
276, 285, 493, 494
Matulionis 73, 402
Maziutis, Mazutis 24, 40, 470
Mazonas 312, 428, 429, 442
McCartney 387
Meginaité 281
Meista vicius 178
Mejendorfas 92, 93
Mejeris 441
Mejerovicius 60, 356, 365, 367,
368
Melnikovas 89
Menezesas 436
Merkelis 314, 360, 407, 408
Merkys 149,425-428
Merrilas 395
Meskauskas 393, 398, 517, 519
Meskauskis 383, 385, 386
Michalke vicius 133,152, 153,
485, 492
Michalkiewiczius 236
Michelsonas 119, 519
Migauskaité 304
Mikelénas 19, 24 25, 28, 31,
36, 40, 132, 157,194, 404, 408
Mikkola 285,326
Miksys 295
Mitrockis 97, 98
Mukuckis 46
Milasius 363,364
Miliukovas 56,67-69,97,
132,134,195, 200-202, 206,
209-211, 217, 227, 239-244,
276, 277, 281, 282, 286 ,287,
363, 370,414
Milukas 270
Milvydas 49
Mindaugas II 315, 316, 319,
323, 328, 335, 513
Mironas 70, 214, 306, 309, 322,
326, 407, 424, 425, 491
Mitras 383
Mykolainis 106
Mociulskis 391
Morisonas 366, 367, 370
Mouté 209,211
Muravjovas 46, 404
N
Nabokovas 49, 201
Nagevicius 73, 297
Nagrodskis 403
Narüné 74, 75, 78
524
ASMENVARDZIU RODYKLE
Narusevicius 151,168,171,
196,201, 202, 217, 228, 263,
281, 361-363, 368, 372-374
Narutavicius 61, 303,322, 327
Nastopka 43
Nauragis 36
Nedzialkovskis 145
Neidgardas 145-147,168,171,
172,179,181,182,192,193, 488
Neimanas 23, 43, 54, 60
Neimanyte 54-56, 60
Nekliudova 191,196,197
Nekliudovas 189, 191, 192,
197,198, 243, 246
Nekrasovas 67, 289
Niemciauskaite 184
Niemi 285
Nikalojus II 47, 50,130,132,
134,195,197,205
Nikitinas 145
Nikolajus Nikolajevicius 137,
139,165,166, 248
Nolkenas 28
Noreika 70,102,137-139, 293,
302, 324, 334, 409, 493, 494,
496, 497
Novikovas 152
o
O'Hara 213,214
Oginskis 73,148, 501
Olesk 100
Olsufjevas 195, 201, 228, 242
Olsauskas 497-499
Olsauskis 235, 236, 261, 266,
267, 279, 292, 316, 317, 329,
332, 347, 361, 363, 393, 518
Oznobisinas 195, 202, 210,
212, 240
P
Packingham 208
Paderevskis (Paderewski)
365, 366, 503, 504
Painleve 122,130
Paknys 353, 421
Pakstas 329
Paleckis 424, 427
Paltarokas 176, 248, 484, 488,
492
Palula 19
Pankauskas 270, 280
Parcevskis 97
Parsaitis 189
Pasys 295
Paskevicius 33, 36,41
Pauperas 393
Pavlovskis 30
Penkaitis 184,185, 494
Penkauskas 295, 511
Petkevicaite 33, 39
Petkevicius 46,47
Petraitis 43
Petraskevicius 177, 287
Petrauskaite 184
Petrauskas 29, 36, 54-56, 72,
106,115,116,120, 281
Petrazickis 49
Petronis 192,196
Petrulis 43, 53, 60, 62, 70,302,
329, 330, 417, 418, 493, 513
Petrunkevicius 49
Petrusauskas 295
Piats 100,102
Pietaris 157
Piip 100,368
Pilenas 106, 191
Pilsudskis 218, 219, 221, 336,
422, 440
Platens 148, 218, 222, 336, 421
Plechanovas 227
Plechavicius 428, 429
Plepys 73,132,298
von Pleve 47,173, 487
vonPohl 240
Poincare 132,198, 210, 238,
244, 267
Polovcevas 89,90
Poska 100
Postnikovas 89, 90
Povylius 51
Pozela 51,53,59,62,412
Prijalgauskas 62
Prokosevas 41, 376
Prapuolenis 228, 229, 231,
23^236, 494, 499, 500
Protopopovas 195,197,
200-206, 210, 227, 240, 242,
243, 282
Prusas 349, 416-419, 494
Pruseika 117,119
Purenas 177,184, 297
Pureniene 291
Purickis 218, 220, 221, 225,
235-239,278-280,292, 299,
304, 305, 307, 316, 317, 319-
323,327,329-332, 334, 361, 513
Puriskevicius 66, 70-72
Puttkameris 70, 71
Puzyna 218
R
Rackauskas 63, 65,106,107,
121,140 178,195,499, 501, 513
Rackovskis 212, 215
Radkevic 202, 240
Radko-Dmitrijevas 164-166
Radvila 55, 388, 389
Radviliene 129
Radvilos 19, 21, 381, 388, 503
Radzivila 317
Radzviliene 156
Rajeckis 158
Ramatas 91
Ramotas 71, 368
Rasputinas 281, 282
Ratkevicius 195
Rauplyte 19
Redfordas 325, 331
Reisik 100
Rennenkampfas 135, 136,144
Ribbentropas 422
Richthofen 434
Rydelis 168
Rimka 43,62,175,261,272
Riponas 396
Rymaite 42
Rockefelleris 269,273
Rockfeleris 189, 222
Rodicevas 49, 67, 68, 85, 90,
131, 244
Rodzianka 65,131,133,137,
139,164-166
Romano vai 117,158
von Rombergas 189, 225, 316,
330
Roppas 225,322,324-326,
329, 330, 487, 490, 491, 503
Rozenas 195, 200, 201
Rozenbaumas 247, 350,
361-363, 369, 371,413
Rubinovas 371, 372
Ruseckas 62
Rutkauskas 114,196
s
Sabaliauskas 334
Sabalis 49
Sandegreenas 395
Samsonovas 135,136
Savickas 245
Savickis 184,192,196,243,
276, 280,292, 347,356, 357, 494
Sazonovas 67, 267, 367
Scale 208,215,216
Scheer 240, 241
Scheidemannas 320, 352
Schubertas 316
Scott 207
Seignobos 122,130, 211
Semaska 347,350,361
Semasko 362,363
Sennas 18,189,194, 225, 276,
438, 442
525
ASMENVARDZHJ RODYKLÉ
Serafinas 113, 140
Sienkevicius 219
Sieversas 136
Sikorskij, Sikorskis 131
Silvestravicius 33, 312
Silvestraviciene 312, 512
Simpsonas 208, 362, 364, 367,
386, 388, 409
Sinclairas 347
Sirutis 158
Skadovskis 195
Sketeris 54,194, 383
Sketeryte-Jablonskiene 75
Skipitis 185, 293, 299, 325,
331, 517
Skirmuntas 235
Skripkus 158
Skvireckas 484, 485, 492
Slascevskis 178, 180,183
Slezevicius 33, 53, 59-62,
139,151,176-178, 259, 281,
291, 293, 295, 296, 334, 349,
351-355, 357, 358, 361, 367,
412, 511
Slizys 43, 73, 75,417
Smetona, Antanas 17,
33-36, 39, 41, 54, 62, 70,
101,102,123,132,139, 151,
152, 154, 155,157, 158, 165,
171,179,193,194, 223, 224,
245, 260, 266, 267, 270, 271,
292, 296, 301, 302, 304, 305,
307, 309, 312, 314, 315, 317,
319, 321-327, 329, 330, 332,
333, 335, 337, 351, 353, 354,
356, 357, 360-362, 388, 393-
395, 402, 405-409, 411, 412,
420, 421, 423, 425, 428-433,
436-442, 478, 490, 492, 496,
499, 503, 504, 507, 511, 513,
518
Smetona, Julius 440
Smetoniene 355
Smilga 24, 72
Smithas 357-360, 373
Sobanskis 168
Soderblomas 394, 395
Soederbergas 188, 197
Soloveicikas 63
Sonino 226
Spudulis 28, 281
Sroka 391
Stachovicius 165
Stalinas 328, 422-424, 429
Staniukynas 113
Stankevicius 151, 354
Stasinskas 51, 63, 313, 334,
335, 348
Stasys 133
Staugaitis 33, 292, 321-323,
325, 326, 332, 333, 335, 492, 503
Steklovas 290
Stepankovskis 189
Stepanovas 71
Steponaitis 218, 219, 236, 316,
329, 490
Steponaityte 42
Steponavicius 114, 196, 334,
355, 520
Steputaitis 188,189,191, 225
Steputatas 189, 488-490
Stikliorius 188
Stolypinas 51, 52, 65-67,160
Stonkus 43, 54, 61
Strazdas 139
Stribulajevas 198
Strimaitis 106
Strumila 401, 402
Studnickis 399-401
Stulginskis 308-310, 326, 334,
343, 347,402
Suchomlinovas 243
Suneris 434
Sutkus 425
Sviatopolk-Mirskis 47
Sviencickis 168,172,181, 182
v
s
Sachovskojus 49
Sakenis 43, 47, 158,312, 334,
392, 417, 494, 495
Salcius 265,266,494
Saliapinas 73, 75
Salkauskas 69,133,159,169,
171, 173, 190, 192,195, 221,
319, 494, 513
Saulys 139,175,176,178,
185, 248, 292, 322-326, 329,
332-335, 347, 407, 790, 492,
503
Scepkinas 71
Seinius 192, 196,197, 243, 276,
494
Sepetys 39, 76, 297, 383-385,
388, 390, 399^01
Sernas 35,152,155,171, 297,
301, 303, 304, 322, 323, 325,
332, 336, 385, 417, 428, 497, 499
503
Siksnys 403, 404
Silingas 32, 69,138,139,
156-159, 171, 173,176,179,
182, 186,187, 190-193,195,
196, 244, 260-263, 291-293,
303, 307, 309, 327, 336, 351,
353, 358, 487, 494
Simkus 72, 147-149, 156, 159,
245, 261-266, 285, 353, 361,
373, 494
Simoliünas 156
Singarevas 92, 97
Singariovas 66, 68, 69, 71, 86,
132, 133, 195, 200-204, 207,
211, 240, 243, 282, 286
Sirvydas 262
Sirvydis 499
Skirpa 302, 431^35, 437, 439,
442, 484, 497, 514
Sliogeris 407, 408, 493
Sliosbergis 288
Sliüpaité, Hypatija 118, 125
Sliüpaité-Jankauskiené,
Aldona 106, 125, 126, 289,
310, 430, 436, 442
Sliüpas, Jonas 35, 102,
108-112, 116,118, 125, 140,
218, 267, 271, 274, 281, 289,
290, 292, 295, 299, 304, 309,
313, 314, 328, 330, 331, 354,
361, 362, 366, 368, 372, 373,
375, 393, 394, 398, 415, 420,
482, 494, 499, 506, 510, 517,
518, 519
Sliüpas, Keistutis 118
Sliüpas, Rokas 125, 281
Sliüpienè, Eglé 22, 111, 112,
118, 272, 414
Sliüpiüté, Hypatija J. 118
Sliüpiütè-Jankauskiené,
Aldona 118
Sodé 418,419
Sostakas 42
Stilbachas 157
Stiurmeris 66, 67
Subinskis 97
T
Tallat Kelpsa 72
Tamosaitis 409
Tannisson 100
Tarasevicius 91
Taskinas 71
Tatjana, Didz. Kunigaikstvté
145,146, 157,159, 168, 17Î,
172,178,179,181,182,
191-194,197,198, 281
Taube 67
Tautvausa 157
Tedeschini 228,230
Tetiscev 202
Thomas 198
Thomsonas 368
Tildenas Smithas 357-360,
373
526
ASMENVARDZIU RQDYKLÉ
Tiske vicius 19-21, 26, 60, 61,
73, 93,173, 219, 305, 316, 324,
325, 356, 365, 366, 375, 386,
410, 436, 439, 440, 485, 503, 504
Titelbachas 144, 399
Tittelbachas 391, 392, 395
Tolstojus 49
Toma 130
de la Toretto 228
Totoraitis 393, 394, 518
Tübelis 170, 300-302, 306, 402,
409, 424
Tumas-Vaizgantas 32-36, 39,
43,44, 63, 70,101,103,104,
111,124,133,147,171, 281,
291,292, 296, 297, 311,393,
409, 478, 486, 488, 494, 496
Tuménas 56,151,171,182,
221,319
Turas 164,176
u
Ulmanis 353, 356, 357
von Urachas 303, 315-329,
333, 335, 346, 503, 507, 508
Urbana vicius 45
Ustinovas 272, 275
Usanis 349
v
Vaicys 19
Vaidila 386
Vailokaitis 63, 293, 295, 297
Vaitkiüté 184
Valaitis 404
Valaviciüté 184
Valiukas 176
Vanderveldé 130
Variakojis 19, 281, 295,302,
388, 404, 417, 494, 497
Vamagiris 106,110
Varnas 80, 281, 289, 295, 296,
415, 494, 511
Vasilcikovas 45, 63, 65,149,
173,178
Vasilevskis 365
Vasiliauskas 118,120
Vasiljevas 195,201,211
Vaughanas 410, 411, 414
Velichovas 71, 72,127,129,
130,132, 239, 244
Velykis 349,353
Vencíavskis 62, 63,145,146
Venclova 424
Veriovkinas 43, 45-47, 54, 60,
146,147,150,156
Vielepolskis 168,172,182,
195, 200
Vienozinskaite 177
Vileisiene 46,145, 146,151,
157,168,192,193, 266, 281,
304, 404
Vileisis 33-36, 46, 47, 64, 99,
101,102,123,151,156-158,
175, 178, 266, 298, 303, 307,
309-311,315, 316, 322, 326,
327, 334, 344, 353, ,62, 370, 403,
414, 478, 494, 505-507
Vilimas 361, 494
Vilimavicius 158
Vilsonas 338, 369, 370
Viskanta 218, 221, 319, 329,
330, 513
Visinskis 50
Vitgensteinas 20
Vitkauskas 49,184
Vitkauskis 27
Vitte 49,72
Viviani 132,198,210
Vizbara 409
Vydünas 188
Vokietaitis 43,133,170, 295,
307, 511
Voldemaras 17, 291, 306-308,
311, 316, 319, 325-327,329,330,
332-335, 338, 339, 346-353,
355,357, 358, 360-364, 366,
368, 369, 372-374, 393-395,
404, 409, 411, 418, 420, 434,
494,497,503, 504, 518
Volfas 92,93
Volkonskis 17, 226
Volpe 416,417,419
Voronkovas 179,180
w
Wadsworth 271
von Waldersee 302, 305
Walenbergas 197
Warburgas 242
Westarpas 321
White 274
Wilhelmas II 303, 316, 317,
320-322,332
Wilsonas 268, 271, 362, 364,
367,368, 372, 507
Wiltonas 357,360
Woyde 37
Wojciechovskis 407
von Württemberg 317, 318,
323, 326
Y
Ycaite (Fridmaniene), Zuzana
19, 22, 23
Ycas, Jonas 17,19-23, 27-29,
31, 36, 40, 43, 75, 78,134,156,
181, 249, 250, 281, 289, 297,
298, 307, 309, 334, 350, 383,
385, 388, 398, 416, 417, 494, 507
Ycas, Jonas (senelis) 19-22
Ycas, Martynas (tévas) 19-22
Ycas, Stanislovas 22, 23, 77,
114
Yciené, Hypatija 125, 275,
276,280, 285, 289, 290, 295,
296, 299, 311-314, 351, 352,
355, 360, 363, 375,387, 399,
404, 414, 418, 428, 431, 434,
435, 442, 510, 514
Yciené, Ona 19, 22
Yciené (Dagilyté), Zuzana 19,
21-23, 281
z
Zabiella 226,229
Zalitas 155
Zalitis 71,155,168,172
Zamislovskis 70, 97
Zechlin 302,305,348
Zimmerle 302,305, 348
Zimmermannas 225
Zinys 62
Zinovjevas 214
Zyberg-Plateris 218, 222
Zubavicius 145
Zubcaninovas 153,171
Zubrickas 295
Zvegincevas 163
V
z
Zadeikis 364, 431,432, 437,
439, 440, 442, 507, 514
Zake vicius 418, 419
Zeligo vskis 367, 387, 399, 504
Zemaité 17, 23,33,145,246,
259-261, 263-265
Zemaitis 33,150, 261, 295,
301, 334, 511
Zilinskas 33, 42, 85,119,140,
188, 247, 271,273-275, 303,506
Zilinskis 136, 211
Zilius 33,35, 36,100-102,111,
116,117,175,191, 243, 246-
248, 250, 251,253, 257-259,
261, 267, 271-276, 278, 364,
488, 494, 506, 507
Zilius-Zilinskas 100, 111, 506
Zmuidzinavicius 34, 36, 74,
151,158
Zukauskas 334
527 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Yčas, Martynas 1885-1941 |
| author_GND | (DE-588)136222269 |
| author_facet | Yčas, Martynas 1885-1941 |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Yčas, Martynas 1885-1941 |
| author_variant | m y my |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV043822727 |
| contents | Englische und russische Zusammenfassung |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1011631317 (DE-599)BVBBV043822727 |
| era | Geschichte 1918-1945 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1918-1945 |
| format | Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)4003939-0 Autobiografie gnd-content (DE-588)4006804-3 Biografie gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Autobiografie Biografie |
| geographic | Lithuania / Politics and government / 1918-1945 Lithuania / Economic conditions / 1918-1945 Lithuania fast Litauen (DE-588)4074266-0 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Lithuania / Politics and government / 1918-1945 Lithuania / Economic conditions / 1918-1945 Lithuania Litauen |
| id | DE-604.BV043822727 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2025-01-08T08:25:22Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789986400219 |
| language | Lithuanian |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029233688 |
| oclc_num | 1011631317 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 527 Seiten Illustrationen, Porträts 22 cm |
| publishDate | 2009 |
| publishDateSearch | 2009 |
| publishDateSort | 2009 |
| publisher | Candela |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Yčas, Martynas 1885-1941 Verfasser (DE-588)136222269 aut Iš Agaro Krašto 1885-1941 autorius ir sudarytojas prof. Martynas Yčas Kaunas Candela 2009 527 Seiten Illustrationen, Porträts 22 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier "Knyga išleista Jono ir Martyno Yčų knygų fondo lėšomis." Englische und russische Zusammenfassung Yčas, Martynas / 1885-1941 Yčas, Martynas / 1885-1941 fast Yčas, Martynas 1885-1941 (DE-588)136222269 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte 1918-1945 gnd rswk-swf Politicians / Lithuania / Biography Lawyers / Lithuania / Biography Bankers / Lithuania / Biography Bankers fast Economic history fast Lawyers fast Politics and government fast Politicians fast Politik Wirtschaft Wirtschaft. Geschichte Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd rswk-swf Wirtschaft (DE-588)4066399-1 gnd rswk-swf Lithuania / Politics and government / 1918-1945 Lithuania / Economic conditions / 1918-1945 Lithuania fast Litauen (DE-588)4074266-0 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4003939-0 Autobiografie gnd-content (DE-588)4006804-3 Biografie gnd-content Yčas, Martynas 1885-1941 (DE-588)136222269 p Litauen (DE-588)4074266-0 g Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 s Wirtschaft (DE-588)4066399-1 s Geschichte 1918-1945 z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB München 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029233688&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract Digitalisierung BSB München 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029233688&sequence=000002&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract Digitalisierung BSB München 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029233688&sequence=000003&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029233688&sequence=000004&line_number=0004&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Personenregister |
| spellingShingle | Yčas, Martynas 1885-1941 Iš Agaro Krašto 1885-1941 Englische und russische Zusammenfassung Yčas, Martynas / 1885-1941 Yčas, Martynas / 1885-1941 fast Yčas, Martynas 1885-1941 (DE-588)136222269 gnd Politicians / Lithuania / Biography Lawyers / Lithuania / Biography Bankers / Lithuania / Biography Bankers fast Economic history fast Lawyers fast Politics and government fast Politicians fast Politik Wirtschaft Wirtschaft. Geschichte Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd Wirtschaft (DE-588)4066399-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)136222269 (DE-588)4046514-7 (DE-588)4066399-1 (DE-588)4074266-0 (DE-588)4003939-0 (DE-588)4006804-3 |
| title | Iš Agaro Krašto 1885-1941 |
| title_auth | Iš Agaro Krašto 1885-1941 |
| title_exact_search | Iš Agaro Krašto 1885-1941 |
| title_full | Iš Agaro Krašto 1885-1941 autorius ir sudarytojas prof. Martynas Yčas |
| title_fullStr | Iš Agaro Krašto 1885-1941 autorius ir sudarytojas prof. Martynas Yčas |
| title_full_unstemmed | Iš Agaro Krašto 1885-1941 autorius ir sudarytojas prof. Martynas Yčas |
| title_short | Iš Agaro Krašto |
| title_sort | is agaro krasto 1885 1941 |
| title_sub | 1885-1941 |
| topic | Yčas, Martynas / 1885-1941 Yčas, Martynas / 1885-1941 fast Yčas, Martynas 1885-1941 (DE-588)136222269 gnd Politicians / Lithuania / Biography Lawyers / Lithuania / Biography Bankers / Lithuania / Biography Bankers fast Economic history fast Lawyers fast Politics and government fast Politicians fast Politik Wirtschaft Wirtschaft. Geschichte Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd Wirtschaft (DE-588)4066399-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Yčas, Martynas / 1885-1941 Yčas, Martynas 1885-1941 Politicians / Lithuania / Biography Lawyers / Lithuania / Biography Bankers / Lithuania / Biography Bankers Economic history Lawyers Politics and government Politicians Politik Wirtschaft Wirtschaft. Geschichte Lithuania / Politics and government / 1918-1945 Lithuania / Economic conditions / 1918-1945 Lithuania Litauen Autobiografie Biografie |
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