Negotiating languages Urdu, Hindi, and the definition of modern South Asia
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| Sprache: | English |
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[2016]
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| Schriftenreihe: | South Asia across the disciplines
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Negotiating languages |b Urdu, Hindi, and the definition of modern South Asia |c Walter N. Hakala |
| 264 | 1 | |a New York |b Columbia University Press |c [2016] | |
| 264 | 4 | |c © 2016 | |
| 300 | |a XXIV, 287 Seiten |b FAksimiles, Diagramme | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 0 | |a South Asia across the disciplines | |
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1700-1900 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Sprache | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Multilingualism |z South Asia | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Language and languages |z South Asia | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Historical linguistics |z South Asia | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Sociolinguistics |z South Asia | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Soziolinguistik |0 (DE-588)4077623-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Urdu |0 (DE-588)4062117-0 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Lexikografie |0 (DE-588)4035548-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Hindi |0 (DE-588)4024954-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 651 | 4 | |a Südasien | |
| 651 | 4 | |a South Asia |x Languages | |
| 651 | 7 | |a Südasien |0 (DE-588)4058406-9 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
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| 689 | 0 | 4 | |a Soziolinguistik |0 (DE-588)4077623-2 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 5 | |a Geschichte 1700-1900 |A z |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804176624464166912 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | NEGOTIATING LANGUAGES
/ HAKALA, WALTER N. [AUTHOR]
: 2016
TABLE OF CONTENTS / INHALTSVERZEICHNIS
INTRODUCTION: A PLOT DISCOVERED
1700: BETWEEN MICROHISTORY AND MACROSTRUCTURES
1800: THROUGH THE VEIL OF POETRY
1900: LEXICOGRAPHY AND THE SELF
GRASPING AT STRAWS
CONCLUSION
DIESES SCHRIFTSTUECK WURDE MASCHINELL ERZEUGT.
WALTER N. HAKALA.
NEGOTIATING LANGUAGES: URDU, HINDI, AND THE DEINITION OF MODERN
SOUTH ASIA.
NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 2016. 320 PP. $65.00 (CLOTH), ISBN
978-0-231-17830-3.
REVIEWED BY
CARLO COPPOLA
PUBLISHED ON
H-ASIA (APRIL, 2018)
COMMISSIONED BY
SUMIT GUHA (HE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN)
URDU AND HINDI
USUALLY WHEN PEOPLE PICK UP A DICTIONARY OF ANY LAN-
GUAGE TO LOOK UP THE MEANING OF A WORD, IT IS LIKELY THAT
THEY DO SO WITHOUT CONSIDERING WHAT WENT INTO MAKING
THAT WORK AVAILABLE. HE TASK MIGHT EVEN CAUSE A BIT OF
IRRITATION, AS IT PROBABLY CAUSES A BREAK IN ONE*S TRAIN OF
THOUGHT OR INTERRUPTS THE LOW OF A TEXT. MOST PEOPLE
WOULD PROBABLY NOT CONSIDER THE TIME SPENT IN GATHER-
ING UP ALL THE WORDS TO BE DEINED (YEARS? LIFETIMES?),
THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE INVOLVED IN SUCH A TASK (ONE? HUN-
DREDS?), OR THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE INAL PRODUCT (RISE IN
LITERACY? THE QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF LITERARY PRODUCTS?).
IN HIS
NEGOTIATING LANGUAGES: URDU, HINDI, AND THE
DEINITION OF MODERN SOUTH ASIA
, WALTER N. HAKALA OFERS
COGENT, IN-DEPTH ANSWERS TO THESE QUESTIONS AS WELL AS
OTHERS HE RAISES IN HIS DISCUSSION OF HOW URDU LEXICOLOG-
ICAL WORKS, ESPECIALLY DICTIONARIES, HAVE BEEN USED IN THE
PAST AND CONTINUE TO BE USED TODAY FOR THE LITERARY AND
SCIENTIIC ADVANCEMENT OF THE LANGUAGE, BUT, IN THE CASE
OF SOUTH ASIA, FOR RELIGIOUS AND POLITICAL ENDS AS WELL.
HE VOLUME IS DIVIDED INTO IVE CHAPTERS AND A CON-
CLUSION. EACH CHAPTER PRESENTS A CLOSE DESCRIPTION AND
DISCUSSION OF AN IMPORTANT LEXICOGRAPHIC WORK AND THE
LEXICOGRAPHER(S) WHO PREPARED IT, DATING BACK TO THE LATE
EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. HE DETAILED, SIX-PAGE *CHRONOLOGY*
AT THE START OF THE BOOK LISTS MAJOR DICTIONARIES, PHRASE
BOOKS, VOCABULARY LISTS, COLLECTIONS OF PROVERBS AND FOLK-
TALES, AND OTHER LEXICOLOGICAL PRODUCTIONS AND IS VERY
HELPFUL IN TRACKING THE VARIOUS MAJOR WORKS IN THE DEVEL-
OPMENT OF THE URDU LANGUAGE, STARTING IN 1220 CE WITH
NI**B AL-*IBY*N
(CAPITAL-STOCK OF CHILDREN) BY ABU NASAR
FARAHI IN AFGHANISTAN, DOWN TO 2010, WITH THE PUBLICATION
OF THE TWENTY-SECOND INAL VOLUME OF THE
URD* LU*H*T:
T*RI*H* U**L PAR
(URDU DICTIONARY: ON HISTORICAL PRINCI-
PLES) IN KARACHI.
IN HIS *SCOPE OF THE STUDY,* A PART OF THE IRST CHAP-
TER, ENTITLED *A PLOT DISCOVERED,* THE AUTHOR, DRAWING
ON THE *FOUNDATIONAL WORK* OF HISTORIAN/LITERARY CRITIC
GUSTAVE LANSON (1857-1934) AND SOCIOLOGIST/PHILOSOPHER
PIERRE BOURDIEU (1930-2002), ENCAPSULATES THE PURPOSE
OF THIS VOLUME: TO DOCUMENT *THE ROLE THAT DICTIONARIES
AND OTHER LEXICOGRAPHIC GENRES HAVE PLAYED IN EDUCATING
AND DEINING THE BUREAUCRATIC AND LITERARY CLASSES OF THE
MOGHUL AND COLONIALS PERIODS AND [TO SHOW] HOW THESE
GROUPS HAVE CONTRIBUTED TO THE CREATION AND STANDARDIZA-
TION OF THE LANGUAGES OF NORTH INDIA,* MORE SPECIICALLY,
URDU AND HINDI, AND THE ROLE THESE STANDARDIZED LAN-
GUAGES HAVE PLAYED IN ESTABLISHED NATION-STATES (P. 28).
HE IRST CHAPTER INTRODUCES TWO DISTINCTIVELY DIFER-
ENT LEXICOGRAPHERS WHOSE MAJOR WORKS ARE CAREFULLY ANA-
LYZED. HE IRST, MUNSHI ZIYA AL-DIN AHMAD BARNI (1890-
1969), IS THE AUTHOR OF
A*HB*R* LU*H*T (MA*R*F B*H KAL*D-
I A*HB*R-B*N*
(A NEWSPAPER DICTIONARY [ALSO KNOWN AS
THE KEY TO NEWSPAPER VIEWING]), PUBLISHED IN 1915, AT
THE HEIGHT OF WORLD WAR I. IN IT, THE
MUNSHI
TRANSLATES
ENGLISH WORDS*MANY OF THEM POLITICAL IN NATURE*INTO
URDU, WORDS COMMONLY FOUND IN NEWSPAPERS AND OTHER
1
H-NET REVIEWS
PRINT MEDIA OF THE DAY. AN EXAMPLE IS THE LENGTHY DEINI-
TION OF THE WORD
D*M*KRAIS*
(DEMOCRACY): *HIS IS A FORM
OF GOVERNMENT IN WHICH ALL DECISIONS
(I*HTIY*R*T
: ELEC-
TIONS, POWERS) ARE UNIVERSALLY IN THE HANDS OF THE AGGRE-
GATE POPULATION (
MAJM*** JUMH*R
) OR IN THE HANDS OF THEIR
APPOINTED OICERS* (PP. 1-2; HAKALA*S TRANSLATION FROM
THE URDU). HE DEINITION CONTINUES FOR ANOTHER EIGHT
LINES IN SUCH A WAY THAT IT COULD EASILY BE READ AS A VEILED
CALL FOR INDIA*S INDEPENDENCE FROM GREAT BRITAIN. OTH-
ERS OF HIS DEINITIONS*FOR EXAMPLE,
IMP*RI*YALIZAM
(IMPE-
RIALISM),
NAU-AB*DIY**
(COLONISTS), AND
*H*UD MU*HT*R
(INDEPENDENT)*CARRY A SIMILAR SEMANTIC LOAD. IN SHORT,
THESE DEINITIONS COULD BE CONSTRUED IN THOSE WARTIME CIR-
CUMSTANCES AS, AT THE VERY LEAST, DISLOYALTY, AND AT MOST,
PERHAPS TREASON.
WHEREAS THE MUNSHI USED A STANDARD URDU ALPHABET-
ICAL ORDER FOR HIS WORK, THE SECOND LEXICOGRAPHER DID NOT
USE THAT METHOD. HE YOUNG SCOTISH POET JOHN LEY-
DEN (1775-1811), WHO CAME TO INDIA WHERE HE SERVED AS
A JUDGE AND POSSESSED AN ALMOST PRETERNATURAL CAPACITY
TO LEARN LANGUAGES. IT IS SAID THAT AT THE TIME OF HIS UN-
TIMELY AND TRAGIC DEATH AT THE AGE OF THIRTY-IVE, HE HAD
A *COMMAND OF SOME FORTY-IVE LANGUAGES* (P. 15), IN-
CLUDING OVER A DOZEN SOUTH ASIAN AND MIDDLE EASTERN
CLASSICAL AND VERNACULAR ONES. HIS
A VOCABULARY PERSIAN
AND HINDOOSTANEE
(1808) IS SET UP ACCORDING TO A METHOD
OF USING A THEMATIC, OR ONOMASIOLOGICAL, ARRANGEMENT OF
WORDS, WHERE THE USER GOES FROM CONCEPT TO WORD. FOR
EXAMPLE, THE IRST ENTRY IN THE VOLUME INCLUDES THE PER-
SIAN AND HINDI WORDS FOR *GOD*:
*HUD*
AND
*SAR;
THE NEXT
SET OF WORDS IS FOR THE ABSTRACT NOUN *DIVINITY*:
*HUD***
AND
I*VARAT*
; AND THE THIRD ENTRY THE WORD FOR *CREATOR*:
ARABIC
*H*LIQ
AND SANSKRIT-DERIVED
SIRJANH*R
,* REVERSING
THE STANDARD ARRANGEMENT OF MOST DICTIONARIES WHICH AL-
LOW THE USER TO GO FROM WORD TO CONCEPT, WHAT HAKALA
CALLS A COSMOLOGICAL APPROACH.
SUBSEQUENT CHAPTERS CENTER ON A KEY WORD AND AU-
THOR AND TREATS WHAT HAKALA CALLS *PARTICULAR MOMENTS IN
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE URDU LANGUAGE* DURING THE EIGH-
TEENTH, NINETEENTH,AND TWENTIETH CENTURIES (P. 28). IN
THE SECOND CHAPTER, *1700: BETWEEN MICROHISTORY AND
MACROSTRUCTURES,* THE READER IS INTRODUCED TO TWO DIS-
TINCTLY DIFERENT PERSONALITIES: ABDUL WASE HANSWI, A
SCHOOLTEACHER IN THE PROVINCIAL TOWN OF HANSI, SOME
EIGHTY MILES NORTHWEST OF SHAHJAHANABAD (OLD DELHI), THE
URD*-I MU*ALL*
, THE *EXALTED COURT* (P. 85), WHERE NOT
ONLY THE SPEECH OF THE COURT, OF ARISTOCRATS, AND OF OTHERS
FORTUNATE ENOUGH TO HAVE BEEN BORN AND RAISED IN THIS
EXCEPTIONAL CITY ENJOYS HIGH REPUTE, BUT WHERE COURTLY
MANNERS AND SOCIAL REINEMENT (
*D*B
) DO AS WELL. DE-
SPITE HIS DISTANCE FROM SUCH A PRESTIGIOUS AND RARIIED
MILIEU, WASE PREPARED WHAT IS ESSENTIALLY THE IRST DIC-
TIONARY WITH *SIGNIICANT COVERAGE OF THE URDU LANGUAGE,*
*HAR**IB AL-LU*H*T
(MARVEL OF WORDS; P. 29).
BY CONTRAST, KHAN-I ARZU (1687/8-1756), AUTHOR OF
THE
NAW*DIR AL-ALF**
(WONDERS OF WORDS), WHILE BORROWING
FEATURES OF WASE*S EARLIER WORK, AT THE SAME TIME CONDE-
SCENDINGLY DERIDES THE FORMER*S WORK AS PROVINCIAL AND
LACKING ANY KIND OF LITERARY AUTHORITY. HAKALA DEMON-
STRATES THE POWER ARZU WIELDED IN THIS AND LATER PERI-
ODS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF URDU AS A MEDIUM THROUGH
WHICH POETS USED THE LANGUAGE AS THE BASIS FOR EMPLOY-
MENT AT VARIOUS COURTS, NOTABLY MURSHIDABAD IN BENGAL.
HIS COURT ACCOMMODATED POETS AND OTHER ESSENTIAL PER-
SONNEL WHO WERE MOVING EASTWARD AS THE CENTRAL POLITICAL
AND CULTURAL POWER OF THE MOGHUL COURT IN OLD DELHI WAS
IN DECLINE. HERE ONE ALSO GETS GLIMMERINGS OF THE INLU-
ENCE OF THE EAST INDIA COMPANY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF
URDU PROSE, WHICH WOULD BE USED FOR BOTH COMMERCIAL
AND COLONIAL NEEDS.
IN CHAPTER 3, *1800: HROUGH THE VEIL OF POETRY,*
HAKALA SHOWS HOW NEW SETS OF ITEMS WERE ADDED TO URDU
VOCABULARY, WHICH ASSISTED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF URDU
PROSE STYLE: FOLK SONGS, PROVERBS, WOMEN*S SPEECH, AND
THE TECHNICAL VOCABULARY OF VARIOUS PROFESSIONS AND OC-
CUPATIONAL GROUPS. HERE, TOO, THE READER IS INTRODUCED
TO PERHAPS THE BOOK*S MOST CHARISMATIC AND COMPLEX
POET-CUM-LEXICOGRAPHER, MIRZA JAN TAPISH (C. 1768-1816),
A DELHI NATIVE WHO COMPOSED HIS
SHAMS AL-BAY*N F*
MU*T
*
ALA**T AL-HIND*ST*N
(HE SUN OF SPEECH, ON THE ID-
IOMS OF HINDUSTAN; C. 1794) AT THE COURT OF THE SHAMS
AL-DAULAH, NAWAB OF MURSHIDABAD.
TAPISH WAS ALSO INVOLVED IN POLITICAL INTRIGUE*AN AL-
LEGED CONSPIRACY TO SEEK ASSISTANCE IN THWARTING BRITISH
GROWING POLITICAL POWER IN INDIA. HE WAS IMPRISONED IN
1799 UNTIL *SIGNS OF REPENTANCE BECOME EVIDENT* (P. 108).
RELEASED IN 1806 OR 1807, HE EVENTUALLY ENDED UP REHA-
BILITATED AND PROVIDING IMPORTANT ASSISTANCE TO THE LEXI-
COGRAPHIC WORK BEING DONE FORT WILLIAM COLLEGE, WHERE
EAST INDIA COMPANY BRITISH EMPLOYEES WERE TAUGHT IN-
DIAN LANGUAGES. HIS MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS WERE DATA RE-
LATED NOT ONLY TO THE SPEECH OF THE UPPER CLASSES, BUT ALSO
TO THAT OF INTERMEDIATE AND LOWER LEVELS OF SOCIETY WITH
WHOM THESE COMPANY AGENTS WOULD INTERACT ON A DAILY
BASIS.
IT IS ALSO IN THIS CHAPTER THAT HAKALA TAKES SERIOUS IS-
SUE WITH THE HINDI WRITER AMRIT RAI (1921-96), WHOSE
CONTROVERSIAL
A HOUSE DIVIDED: HE ORIGIN AND DEVELOP-
MENT OF HINDI/HINDAVI
(1984) OTEN MAKES BIASED AND,
2
H-NET REVIEWS
TO THE THINKING OF SOME SCHOLARS, BASELESS CLAIMS ABOUT
URDU. REFERRING TO RAI AS A POLEMICIST (P. 93), HAKALA DIS-
MISSES RAI*S ASSERTION THAT *URDU IS NO MORE THAN AN ELITE
*CLASS DIALECT* * (P. 184).
HE FOURTH CHAPTER, *1900: LEXICOGRAPHY AND THE
SELF,* DEALS WITH SAYYID AHMAD DIHLAWI (1846-1918), AU-
THOR OF VARIOUS LEXICOGRAPHIC WORKS, THE MOST AMBITIOUS
AND MOST IMPORTANT OF WHICH IS HIS
HIND*ST*N* URD*
LU*H*T
, DESCRIBED BY HAKALA AS A WORK WHICH *WOULD
EVENTUALLY BECOME FOR MANY SCHOLARS THE SINGLE MOST
USEFUL DICTIONARY OF THE URDU LANGUAGE* (P. 115) AND IN
MANY RESPECTS INANCIALLY SUCCESSFUL. HE IRST TWO VOL-
UMES APPEARED IN 1888 PRINTED IN OCTAVO. HIS LATER PART
OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY, HAKALA NOTES, WAS ALSO A PE-
RIOD IN WHICH SEVERE *CONTENTIOUS HINDI-URDU DEBATES*
(P. 115) WERE RAGING. HESE WOULD, OF COURSE, CONTINUED
ON THROUGHOUT THE TWENTIETH CENTURY TO THE PRESENT DAY.
SAYYID AHMAD INDICATES IN HIS PREFACE THAT HE
SERVED A SEVEN-YEAR APPRENTICESHIP WITH THE DISTIN-
GUISHED BRITISH FOLKLORIST AND PEDAGOGUE, DR. SAMUEL
WILLIAM FALLON (1817-80). HIS MAY OR MAY NOT HAVE BEEN
THE CASE. HE AUTHOR OF
HINDUSTANI-ENGLISH DICTIONARY
(1879), FALLON IS DESCRIBED BY HAKALA AS *ONE OF THE TWO
GREAT BRITISH LEXICOGRAPHERS OF THE URDU LANGUAGE IN THE
LATER HALF OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY* (P. 155). HE OTHER
WAS JOHN HOMPSON PLATS (1830-1904), AUTHOR OF
A DIC-
TIONARY OF URD*, CLASSICAL HIND*, AND ENGLISH
(1884).
HAT SAYYID AHMAD WAS AN IMPASSIONED LOVER OF THE
URDU LANGUAGE AND ITS LITERATURE IS AMPLY DEMONSTRATED
BY HIS EXPRESSIONS OF SUCH SENTIMENTS FREQUENTLY IN HIS
WRITING AND IN HIS DEINITIONS. HE WAS CRITICIZED FOR THIS
BY THOSE WHO BELIEVE THAT IT INAPPROPRIATE TO INCLUDE *EX-
TRALINGUISTIC OR OTHERWISE *ENCYCLOPEDIC* INFORMATION IN
DICTIONARY ENTRIES* (P. 152). SAYYID AHMAD ALSO INCLUDES
TERMS JUDGED *ABUSIVE, INDELICATE OR OBSCENE* (P. 152).
FOR THIS HE WAS REPRIMANDED BY LEXICOGRAPHER DR. AB-
DUL HAQ (1870-1961; AKA *BABA-I-URDU,* FATHER OF URDU).
HIS CHAPTER ALSO INCLUDES A DISCUSSION OF THE TERM
*OP*-
W*L*
(ONE WHO WEARS A HAT) FROM ITS EARLIER, EIGHTEENTH-
CENTURY MEANING WITH PEDERASTIC ASSOCIATIONS TO THE LATER
SHIT AND MODIICATION IN MEANING IN THE NINETEENTH AND
TWENTIETH CENTURIES.
CHAPTER 5, *1900: GRASPING AT STRAWS,* ADDRESSES THE
DICTIONARIES OF S. W. FALLON AND CIRANJI LAL. FALLON,
LIKE PLATS, SERVED AS INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS IN THE CEN-
TRAL PROVINCES. HIS MAJOR WORK IS HIS
NEW HINDUSTANI-
ENGLISH DICTIONARY, WITH ILLUSTRATIONS FROM HINDUSTANI LIT-
ERATURE AND FOLK-LORE
(1879). IT MUST BE NOTED THAT FAL-
LON CALLS THE LANGUAGE OF HIS DICTIONARY *HINDUSTANI,* NOT
URDU. HAKALA INDICATES THAT, AS ITS TITLE SUGGESTS, THIS
WORK *IS NOTABLE TODAY FOR HAVING INCLUDED FOR THE IRST
TIME A NEW RANGE OF LEXICOGRAPHICAL MATERIAL SUCH AS FOLK-
SONGS, PROVERBS, CONVERSATIONAL TERMS, AND THE SPEECH OF
WOMEN* (PP. 155-56), A MAJOR DEPARTURE FROM PREVIOUS
CRITERIA FOR INCLUSION. IN THE INTRODUCTION, FALLON COM-
PLAINS ABOUT THE RESISTANCE HE FELT FROM HIS INDIAN ASSIS-
TANTS, WHO SEEMED TO FEEL THAT THE EVERYDAY LANGUAGE,
* *THE LANGUAGE OF VULGAR, ILLITERATE PEOPLE* * (P. 157), WAS
NOT WORTHY OF INCLUSION IN THE DICTIONARY. BUT, BY INCLUD-
ING THESE ELEMENTS FROM THE NON-ELITE PUBLIC SPHERE, FAL-
LON WAS *FASHIONING THE PUBLIC SPHERE [OF LANGUAGE] THAT
HE SAW AS NECESSARY FOR THE FOUNDATION OF A TRULY COMMON
AND NATIONAL LANGUAGE* (P. 167). FALLON, HAKALA STATES,
DEPICTS HINDUSTANI AS A POTENTIAL * *NATIONAL SPEECH* * (P.
167).
LITLE IS KNOWN ABOUT CIRANJI LAL. DELHI-BORN, HE
WAS WELL GROUNDED IN SANSKRIT, AS A RESULT OF WHICH HE
WAS ASSIGNED BY FALLON, FOR WHOM HE SERVED AS AN AS-
SISTANT, THE TASK OF RESEARCHING THE SANSKRIT ETYMOLO-
GIES OF HINDI TERMS IN THE DICTIONARY. HE SETUP OF LAL*S
HIND*ST*N* MA*HZAN AL-MU**WAR*T
(TREASURY OF IDIOMS,
1886) RELECTS FALLON*S WORK IN VARIOUS RESPECTS. IT WAS IN-
TENDED TO SERVE A CLASS OF PEOPLE INTERESTED IN OPERATING
WITHIN A LARGELY DISTINCT SPHERE OF POLITICAL PARTICIPATION*
NAMELY, *INDIAN ASPIRANTS TO POSTS IN THE COLONIAL ADMIN-
ISTRATION* (P. 170). SUCH ASPIRANTS WOULD USE THE LAN-
GUAGE IN THEIR DICTIONARY *AS A MEANS TO TAKE ADVANTAGE
OF THE NEW SITES OF POLITICAL DISCOURSE*COURTS, SCHOOLS,
NEWSPRINT, AND VOLUNTEER ASSOCIATIONS*INTRODUCED AND
REGULATED BY THE COLONIAL STATE. *HINDUSTANI* (AND QUITE
POINTEDLY
NOT
URDU) WAS BOTH A PRODUCT OF AND A VEHI-
CLE FOR WHAT *IRA*J* PERCEIVED AS, IN ESSENCE, MODERNITY*
(P. 172). WHILE THE EXPOSITION OF CIRANJI*S DICTIONARY,
WHICH SEPARATES OUT THE HINDI REGISTER OF HINDUSTANI, IS
DETAILED AND NUANCED, HALKALA BRINGS UP VARIOUS POWER-
FUL HISTORICAL POINTS TO SHOW THAT, EVEN WITH HINDI AND
OTHER SANSKRIT-DERIVED WORDS IN IT, HINDUSTANI IS, INDEED,
URDU. HIS INAL CHAPTER MAKES FOR ARRESTING READING.
HIS IS A WORK OF CONSIDERABLE COMPLEXITY AND VI-
SION BY A NOTABLE YOUNG SCHOLAR WHO HAS PROVIDED LIN-
GUISTS, LEXICOGRAPHERS, LITERATEURS, SOCIOLOGISTS, ANTHRO-
POLOGISTS, AND HISTORIANS OF SOUTH ASIA WITH A POWERFUL
HISTORICAL STUDY OF A REMARKABLE LANGUAGE THAT HAS HAD
A ROCKY TIME OF IT DUE TO MOSTLY POLITICAL AND RELIGIOUS
POLEMICS. HE BIBLIOGRAPHY IS THE MOST UP-TO-DATE AND
IS MOST LIKELY THE MOST DEINITIVE ONE IN ENGLISH. HIS
BOOK SHOULD BE REQUIRED READING*IN FACT, CAREFUL
STUDY
*
FOR ALL OF THE LANGUAGE APPARATCHIKS IN BOTH NEW DELHI
AND ISLAMABAD WHOSE WORK MAY ONE DAY, SADLY, FORCE
URDU AND HINDI INTO BECOMING TWO ENTIRELY SEPARATE, MU-
TUALLY
UN
INTELLIGIBLE LANGUAGES.
3
H-NET REVIEWS
IF THERE IS ADDITIONAL DISCUSSION OF THIS REVIEW, YOU MAY ACCESS IT
THROUGH THE NETWORK, AT:
HTPS://NETWORKS.H-NET.ORG/H-ASIA
CITATION:
CARLO COPPOLA. REVIEW OF HAKALA, WALTER N.,
NEGOTIATING LANGUAGES: URDU, HINDI, AND THE DEINITION OF
MODERN SOUTH ASIA
. H-ASIA, H-NET REVIEWS. APRIL, 2018.
URL:
HTP://WWW.H-NET.ORG/REVIEWS/SHOWREV.PHP?ID=50492
HIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATRIBUTION-NONCOMMERCIAL-
NO DERIVATIVE WORKS 3.0 UNITED STATES LICENSE.
4
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Hakala, Walter N. |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1116284839 |
| author_facet | Hakala, Walter N. |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Hakala, Walter N. |
| author_variant | w n h wn wnh |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV043787567 |
| callnumber-first | P - Language and Literature |
| callnumber-label | P115 |
| callnumber-raw | P115.5.S623 |
| callnumber-search | P115.5.S623 |
| callnumber-sort | P 3115.5 S623 |
| callnumber-subject | P - Philology and Linguistics |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)961253408 (DE-599)BVBBV043787567 |
| dewey-full | 306.442/9143054 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 306 - Culture and institutions |
| dewey-raw | 306.442/9143054 |
| dewey-search | 306.442/9143054 |
| dewey-sort | 3306.442 79143054 |
| dewey-tens | 300 - Social sciences |
| discipline | Soziologie |
| era | Geschichte 1700-1900 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1700-1900 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Südasien South Asia Languages Südasien (DE-588)4058406-9 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Südasien South Asia Languages |
| id | DE-604.BV043787567 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T07:35:08Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780231178303 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 015040766 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029198626 |
| oclc_num | 961253408 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | XXIV, 287 Seiten FAksimiles, Diagramme |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publishDateSearch | 2016 |
| publishDateSort | 2016 |
| publisher | Columbia University Press |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | South Asia across the disciplines |
| spelling | Hakala, Walter N. Verfasser (DE-588)1116284839 aut Negotiating languages Urdu, Hindi, and the definition of modern South Asia Walter N. Hakala New York Columbia University Press [2016] © 2016 XXIV, 287 Seiten FAksimiles, Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier South Asia across the disciplines Includes bibliographical references and index Geschichte 1700-1900 gnd rswk-swf Sprache Multilingualism South Asia Language and languages South Asia Historical linguistics South Asia Sociolinguistics South Asia Soziolinguistik (DE-588)4077623-2 gnd rswk-swf Urdu (DE-588)4062117-0 gnd rswk-swf Lexikografie (DE-588)4035548-2 gnd rswk-swf Hindi (DE-588)4024954-2 gnd rswk-swf Südasien South Asia Languages Südasien (DE-588)4058406-9 gnd rswk-swf Südasien (DE-588)4058406-9 g Urdu (DE-588)4062117-0 s Hindi (DE-588)4024954-2 s Lexikografie (DE-588)4035548-2 s Soziolinguistik (DE-588)4077623-2 s Geschichte 1700-1900 z DE-604 LoC Fremddatenuebernahme application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029198626&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis SWB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029198626&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Rezension |
| spellingShingle | Hakala, Walter N. Negotiating languages Urdu, Hindi, and the definition of modern South Asia Sprache Multilingualism South Asia Language and languages South Asia Historical linguistics South Asia Sociolinguistics South Asia Soziolinguistik (DE-588)4077623-2 gnd Urdu (DE-588)4062117-0 gnd Lexikografie (DE-588)4035548-2 gnd Hindi (DE-588)4024954-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4077623-2 (DE-588)4062117-0 (DE-588)4035548-2 (DE-588)4024954-2 (DE-588)4058406-9 |
| title | Negotiating languages Urdu, Hindi, and the definition of modern South Asia |
| title_auth | Negotiating languages Urdu, Hindi, and the definition of modern South Asia |
| title_exact_search | Negotiating languages Urdu, Hindi, and the definition of modern South Asia |
| title_full | Negotiating languages Urdu, Hindi, and the definition of modern South Asia Walter N. Hakala |
| title_fullStr | Negotiating languages Urdu, Hindi, and the definition of modern South Asia Walter N. Hakala |
| title_full_unstemmed | Negotiating languages Urdu, Hindi, and the definition of modern South Asia Walter N. Hakala |
| title_short | Negotiating languages |
| title_sort | negotiating languages urdu hindi and the definition of modern south asia |
| title_sub | Urdu, Hindi, and the definition of modern South Asia |
| topic | Sprache Multilingualism South Asia Language and languages South Asia Historical linguistics South Asia Sociolinguistics South Asia Soziolinguistik (DE-588)4077623-2 gnd Urdu (DE-588)4062117-0 gnd Lexikografie (DE-588)4035548-2 gnd Hindi (DE-588)4024954-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Sprache Multilingualism South Asia Language and languages South Asia Historical linguistics South Asia Sociolinguistics South Asia Soziolinguistik Urdu Lexikografie Hindi Südasien South Asia Languages |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029198626&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029198626&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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