Alcohols and bioalcohols characteristics, production, and uses
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| Weitere Verfasser: | , |
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| Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York
Nova Publishers
[2014]
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| Schriftenreihe: | Chemistry research and applications series
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | DE-1046 DE-1047 |
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Inhaltsangabe:
- ALCOHOLS AND BIOALCOHOLS: CHARACTERISTICS, PRODUCTION AND USES; ALCOHOLS AND BIOALCOHOLS: CHARACTERISTICS, PRODUCTION AND USES; Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data; Contents; Preface; Chapter 1: Bioalcohol Production; Abstract; Nomenclature; Chapter 2: Bioethanol Production and Metabolism by Aquatic Photosynthetic Microbes: Algae and Cyanobacteria; Abstract; Acronyms; 1. Introduction; 2. Potential of Algae As a Source for Bioethanol Production
- 2.1. The Key Aspects of Algae for Bioethanol Production Compared to Terrestrial Food Crops That Has Captured the Research and Production Interests3. Cyanobacteria As a Source for Bioethanol; 3.1. Desirable Characteristics for Selecting Algae and Cyanobacterial Strains for Bioethanol; 5. Fermentation: An Overview; 5.1. Glucose Oxidation; 5.2. Major Fermentative Pathways Besides Ethanol; 6. Methods for Bioethanol Production Using Algae; 6.1. Heterofermentative Ethanol Using Algae or Cyanobacterial Biomass; 6.2. Autofermentative Ethanol from Algae
- 6.3. Photosynthetic Ethanol from Algae and Cyanobacteria (Photoethanol)Conclusion; Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 3: Process Development for Hydrolysate Optimization from Lignocellulosic Biomass Towards Biofuel Production; Abstract; Nomenclature; 1. Introduction; 2. Proximate Analysis; 2.1. Moisture; 2.2. Ash; 2.3. Volatile Matter (VM); 2.4. Fixed Carbon (FC); 3. Compositional Analysis of Biomass; 3.1. Determination of Lignin Content; 3.1.1. NREL Method; 3.1.2. Wood Analytical Method; 3.2. Determination of Holocellulose Content; 3.2.1. Wood Analytical Method
- 3.3. Determination of Cellulose Contenta) Alpha-Cellulose; b) Cross and Bevan Cellulose; c) Kurschker Cellulose; 3.4. Determination of Hemicellulose; 3.5. Chromatographic Analysis of Sugar; 4. Steps Involved in Converting Biomass into Hydrolysates; 4.1. Pretreatment; 4.1.1. Physical Pretreatment; a) Mechanical Pretreatment; b) Extrusion; 4.1.2. Physiochemical Pretreatment; a) Steam Explosion and Steam Pretreatment; b) Liquid Hot Water; c) Ammonia Fiber Explosion (AFEX); d) CO2 Explosion; e) Wet Oxidation; f) Microwave Pretreatment; 4.1.3. Chemical Pretreatment; a) Alkali Pretreatment
- B) Acid Pretreatmentc) Ozonolysis; d) Oxidative Pretreatment; 4.1.4. Biological Pretreatment; 4.1.5. Clean Fractionation; 4.2. Hydrolysis; 4.2.1. Concentrated Acid Hydrolysis; 4.2.2. Dilute Acid Hydrolysis; 4.2.3. Comparison between Concentrated and Dilute Acid Hydrolysis; 4.2.4. Enzymatic Hydrolysis; 4.2.5. Governing Factors of Enzymatic Hydrolysis; a) Substrates; b) Cellulase Enzymes; c) Mixing; d) Xylan; 5. Inhibitors for Hydrolysis Process; 5.1. Detoxification; 6. Advancements Towards Biofuel Production from Lignocellulosic Material
- This book concentrates on some particular aspects of bioalcohols such as its production and uses. The main aim of this book is to provide an overview of worldwide research on the use of bioalcohols in energy development. In fact, it summarizes the characteristics and methods used to produce bioethanol and the current approaches on lignocellulosic-derived biofuel with its performance and its exhaust emissions. This book also provides an overview of recent research activities in the field of reactors and catalytic reactions from the steam reforming of alcohol and bioalcohol for the production of